2020年高考英语二轮复习 专题4 任务型阅读（二）.docx

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1、2021年高考英语二轮复习专题4任务型阅读（二）一、任务型阅读1. （2021.永州模拟）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选 项中有两项为多余选项。Our world is more connected than ever before thanks to technology.Indeed, it is becoming increasingly important that we all learn how to deal with this painful feeling.You should be determined to actively end you

2、r loneliness. We often end up passively waiting for someone else to make us feel less lonely. You may feel that your loneliness indicates that nobody is willing to connect with you. And there is nothing you can do about it. But that is far from the truth.You should find reasons why you are lonely. W

3、e all feel lonely for different reasons. Some of us have no one to interact with on a consistent basis and that*s why we feel lonely. You may feel that the people in your life dont share your thoughts and ideas.you need to identify it. And you know exactly how to handle your loneliness.People who ar

4、e lonely tend to fall into destructive mental habits. They try to avoid the pain of not being understood and being disconnected by not giving people an opportunity to understand and connect with them. So the solution is to share your thoughts and feelings with others and to do so openly and fearless

5、ly.You should find people who share your interests.everybody is interested in something. And just as there are many interests, there are many people who share those interests. Find what interests you and connect with others on that basis.A. Whatever the reason is,When you feel really lonely,B. If yo

6、u want to make friends with them,Whether its coin collecting or video games,C. You should be open about your thoughts, ideas and desires.D. Ending loneliness is something that you can and should pursue actively.E. However, more and more of us find ourselves having to stand loneliness.【答案】G； F； A； E；

7、 D【考点】七选五【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在现在社会中如何处理孤独感的方法。（1） 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Indeed, it is becoming increasingly important that we all learn how to deal with this painful feeling.事实上，学会如何处理这种痛苦的感觉变得越来越重要。可知，这里“痛苦的感觉指代是选项G中的loneliness“孤独感，应选 饿相关的话题， G. However, short-term hunger is great, especially if yo

8、ure trying to lose weight：然而，短期饥饿是很好的，特别是当你想减肥的时候与前一句相比照，并引出下 文。应选G。 （2考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“You see, the body loves predictability.可知，我们的身体喜欢可预测性。由此可知，F. It loves predicting perfectly portioned, well-timed meals.“它喜欢预测完美分餐、适时的用餐。符合语境。应选F。 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Thafs why an eating schedule is necess

9、ary for weight loss7以及本段下文结构化饮食和饮食方案的例子，可知C. What is an eating schedule?什么是饮食方案？ 符合语境。应选C。4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能 力。 根据空前“As your body begins adapting to the new structure, you*ll experience hunger pains 可知，当你的身体开始适应新的结构时，你会经历饥饿的痛苦，可知，空处会谈论如何处理 这种情况，且后一句说Instead, wait it out可知本空讲的是不应该做的事。A. Do remember no

10、t to panic.“记住不要惊慌。符合题意。应选A。5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能 力 o 根据空前“Creating the eating schedule will work wonders if youre also practicing portion control and eating the right food. 可知，如果你也在练习控制食物的份量和吃对食物，那么 制定饮食方案会很有效果。由此可知，B. Exercising is good as well.“运动也很好。”符合题 意。应选B。【点评】此题要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理 判断能力

11、。8.2021 宁德模拟）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。 Politeness is the practical application of good manners, the goal of which is to make all of the parties relaxed and comfortable. Its a flexible management of words and actions, by which we make other people have a better opinion of us and themselves. It s

12、eeks to build a positive relationship.However, in the rush of daily life being polite is social behavior that we find rare nowadays., They dont even take the time to look around. This has led to the loss of simple social rules some might take for granted and that are particularly powerful., people b

13、ecome less and less attentive to others1 feelings, for human interaction （互 动）is almost lost. Take for instance the rudeness we tolerate when a person is looking at his phone when talking to us.Being polite is not just a simple social elegance. These days Please and “Thank You are forgotten. And not

14、 many people are aware that these two simple words can easily open or close any door to us. Unfortunately, they often forget to say these words.Hope is not lost. There are many ways we can improve our behavior to achieve skills in politeness. There are simple things we can do to be considered as a p

15、olite and well - mannered person., they will respect you back. Just make a change in our behavior to start. Use simple words like Excuse me, “Please, and Thank you* every day. Be kind to receive kindness. Care and politeness will get you far in all aspects of life.A. As technology progressesPeople h

16、ave become more self - absorbedB. As long as you show your politeness for peopleSince for many people being polite remains a challengeC. Many languages have specific means to show politenessIt aims to respect a persons need to be liked and understoodG Its also about being kind, caring and respectful

17、 to another person【答案】F； B； A； G； C【考点】七选五【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，礼貌是良好礼仪的表现,但是随着生活节奏的加快人 们对礼貌似乎有所忘却,也能够容忍不礼貌的行为。礼貌用语虽小，但能够在很多方面影响我 们的生活。（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“t seeks t。build a positive relationship.礼仪试图建立积极的人际关系。F. It aims to respect a persons need to be likedand understood”礼仪的目的是尊重一个人被爱和被理解的需要与上句承接自然，

18、且两句在 句式结构上相同。应选F。（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Theydont even take the time to look around.人们甚至不愿意花时间观察周围事物。B. People havebecome more self - absorbed“人们变得更加以自我为中心，更加自恋”与下句联系紧密,不愿花 时间看周围是人们以自我为中心的一种表现形式。应选B。 3）考查对上下文的理解和推 理判断能力。根据空后“people become less and less attentive to others1 feelings, for human inter

19、action （互动）is almost lost.人们变得越来越不关心礼仪。A. As technologyprogresses“随着科技的进步在语境上和下句联系紧密。且越来越不关心和随着科学开展都 表现出动作的渐变,在逻辑上也能很好的衔接。应选A。4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判 断能力。根据空前“ Being polite is not just a simple social elegance.z，礼貌不仅仅是一个简单的 社会礼仪。G. Its also about being kind, caring and respectful to another person“它也关乎对他人 善

20、良,关爱和尊重的意思和上句是递进关系，尤其通过上句的not just和本句的also可以看 出两句联系紧密。应选G。（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“they will respect you back.他们也会尊重你。C. As long as you show your politeness for people只要你 尊重他人和下句构成条件状语从句，且句该考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。主从句 的意义符合逻辑关系和文意。应选C。【点评】此题要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考 查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。9.（2021 海淀模拟）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出

21、能填入空白处的最正确选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。Exam AnxietyHas this ever happened to you? Youve been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe.Everyone feels stressed during exams. Usually, it results fr

22、om a fear of failure, lack of adequate preparation time and bad experiences taking tests in the past. This is normal and often helps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance.You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you. This can cause you to f

23、eel that your mind has gone blank1 on information you know you have revised.Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don*t review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety. It can also be really easy to think that if you dont try and then you fail, yo

24、u wont feel as bad as if you fail after trying really hard.So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test?Yes, this seems obvious, but its worth repeating. If you feel confident that youve prepared thoroughly, youll feel more confident walking into

25、 the test. The second tip is simple: just start. The blank page can maximize your anxiety.You can always go back and change things later if needed, but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling. Besides, allocating（分酉己） your time is equally important. Look through the whole test before getting st

26、arted. Mentally allocate how much time youll spend on each section. If theres time to recheck, even better.A. The first thing you should do is to be prepared.B. People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.C. If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, youre not alone!D. Ther

27、efore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams.E. Realizing time is almost up and that theres still a lot of blank space will make you desperate.F. However, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to focus on your work.G. After you get the paper, d

28、ive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence.【答案】C； F； B； A； G【考点】七选五【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些应对考试焦虑的正确方法。（1）考查对 上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Has this ever happened to you? You*ve been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart ra

29、ces fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe.你有过这样的经历吗?你一直在为期中 考试努力学习，但当你走进考场时，你的大脑一片空白，心跳加速，手心出汗，呼吸困难。 可知这些都是一些典型的考试焦虑，故 C. If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, youTe not alone!”如果这些考试焦虑的经典病症听起来很熟悉，那么你并不孤单!符合语境。 应选C。（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“This is normal and often h

30、elps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance. 这彳艮正常, 通常能帮助 你更努力地工作，更快地思考，总体上提高你的表现。下文应说明如果你对结果过于焦虑， 你可能无法集中精力工作。故F选项符合上下文语境。应选F。3）考查对上下文的理解 和推理判断能力。根据空后“Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don*t review because they think they will do badly anyway and even mis

31、s exams due to the anxiety. 一些人 选择无视这个问题，而另一些人不复习，因为他们认为无论如何他们都会做得很差，甚至因 为焦虑而错过考试。可知这些都是人们处理考试焦虑的方式，故B. People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.“人们经常以许多无益的方式处理考试压力。符合语境。 应选B。（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“If you feel confident that youVe prepared thoroughly, youll feel more confident wal

32、king into the test.”如果你对自己的准备工 作很有信心，那么当你走进考场的时候就会更有信心。可知是强调要为考试做准备，A.The first thing you should do is to be prepared.你要做的第一件事就是做好准备。符合语境。 应选A。 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“The second tip is simple: just start第二个建议很简单:开始吧。可知考试开始，因此是拿到了试卷以后，G. After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions

33、 done to build up your confidence.“拿至U 试卷 后，马上着手做一些问题来建立你的信心。符合上下文语境。应选G。【点评】此题要求 在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。10. （2021 .房山模拟）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选 项。Mystery of Mosquito FlightThe mosquito is a troublesome and dangerous insect. Their bites itch and can carry dangerous diseases, like mala

34、ria, Zika virus and yellow fever. Recently, researchers from Britain and Japan discovered how mosquitoes fly.Mosquito wings are small and have an uncommon shape.So, how is their flight possible? The team of scientists from Britain and Japan solved the mystery. They used high-speed cameras and comput

35、er images to understand the mechanics of how the insect moves its wings to stay in the air.They set up eight super-high speed cameras that take 10,000 images each second. Simon Walker, a researcher at the University of Oxford, explains that normally at least two cameras are needed to record an insec

36、t, so theyve got enough views of an insect. With two camera views they can then take any point on an insect and calculate its 3-D coordinates （三维坐标）.Mosquitoes can spread diseases. The insect has two antennae, or tall, thin organs on its head that it uses to feel things. But its antennae and six leg

37、s make it difficult to take clear images of the wing movements.The extra cameras let the researchers see that the mosquitos wings move eight hundred times each second. That is four times faster than many insects of a similar size.Mosquitoes fly by moving their wings in several different directions.

38、The thin top edges of their wings move forward first and then they change direction and move down. The movement looks as if the wings are drawing the number eight.Walker says that existing unmanned flying devices do not work very well outside because wind can affect their flight.Insects, on the othe

39、r hand, deal really well with even quite windy conditions. So understanding how they can do this is going to be advantageous to us. These researchers say that understanding how mosquitoes fly might help find ways to stop them from spreading diseases. A. Because of this, it is hard to believe that th

40、ey are able to fly.B. Mosquitoes evolved from other insects about 226 million years ago.C. So, the team needed to use eight cameras to view the wings from many directions.D. Researchers at the University of Oxford took images of mosquito wing movements.E. Many measures have been tried for mosquito c

41、ontrol, for example, getting rid of breeding places.F. This knowledge, they say, help find ways to stop mosquitoes from spreading diseases in the future.G. The research team believes the mosquitoes1 wing movements could help inventors design new flying devices.【答案】F； A； D； C； G【考点】七选五【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明

42、文，最近，来自英国和日本的研究人员发现了蚊子是如何 飞行的。 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前 Recently, researchers from Britain and Japan discovered how mosquitoes fly.“最近，来自英国和日本的研究人员发现了蚊 子是如何飞行的。该空承接上文，F. This knowledge, they say, help find ways to stop mosquitoes from spreading diseases in the future.他们说，这些知识有助于找到在未来阻止蚊子传播疾病 的方法J切题，应选F

43、。2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前 Mosquito wings are small and have an uncommon shape.“蚊子的翅膀很小，形状也不常见；以及空后”So, how is their flight possible?“那么，它们是如何飞行的呢?该空承上启下,A. Because of this, it is hard to believe that they are able to fly.因止匕，很难相信它们能飞”切题，应选A。（3）考查对上下 文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后 They set up eight super-high speed

44、 cameras that take 10,000 images each second. Simon Walker, a researcher at the University of Oxford, explains that normally at least two cameras are needed to record an insect, so theyve got enough views of an insect. With two camera views they can then take any point on an insect and calculate its

45、 3-D coordinates“他们安装了 8台超高速摄像机，每秒拍摄1万张照片。牛津大学的研究员西 蒙沃克解释说，通常情况下，记录一只昆虫至少需要两台摄像机，所以他们有足够的视野 来观察一只昆虫。有了两个摄像头，他们就可以在昆虫上取任一点，然后计算它的三维坐标， 由此可知，这一自然段主要讲了牛津大学的研究人员拍摄了蚊子翅膀运动的图像。应选D。（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前But its antennae and six legs make it difficult to take clear images of the wing movements.“但是它的触角和六条腿

46、使它很难清晰地 拍摄翅膀运动的图像；以及空后”The extra cameras let the researchers see that the mosquitos wings move eight hundred times each second.”额外的摄像机让研究人员看到蚊子的翅膀每秒 移动 800 次。该空承上启下，C. So, the team needed to use eight cameras to view the wings from many directions.”因此，该团队需要使用八个摄像头从多个方向观察翅膀”切题。应选C。 5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力

47、。根据空后 Walker says that existing unmanned flying devices do not work very well outside because wind can affect their flight.“沃克说，现有的 无人驾驶飞行设备在室外不能很好地工作，因为风会影响它们的飞行。该空引出下文，G.The research team believes the mosquitoes wing movements could help inventors design new flying devices.”研究小组认为，蚊子翅膀的运动可以帮助创造者设计

48、新的飞行装置”切题，应选G。【点评】此题要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。Go （2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“You should be determined to actively end your loneliness. 你应该下定决心主动去结束你的孤独。可知，此处应选与主动结束孤 独有关的选项，应选F。3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“You should find reasons why you are lonely.你应该找到你孤独的原因。可知，此处应该选与找原因有关 的选项，应选A。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

49、根据空后“So the solution is to share your thoughts and feelings with others and to do so openly and fearlessly.” 所以解决的方 法就是和别人提供你的想法和感受，而且要公开地、无所畏惧地提供。可知，此处作为本段 主旨句应该选与保持对自己的想法、主意和愿望开放的心态，应选E。（5）考查对上下文 的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“You should find people who share your interests.你应 该找到和你有共同兴趣的人。D选项中coin collecting or video games也是兴趣，应选D。【点评】此题要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。2.2021沈