2022届高考英语一轮复习第1部分必修4Unit2Workingtheland单元提能训练含解析.docx

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1、第一局部必修4 Unit 2I.完形填空(2021年山东省潍坊五县开学联考)Melbourne Girls, Col lege i s getting ri cl of al 1 dustbins and asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste.Starting next Monday, the college will gradually 1 all the rubbish bins in five weeks in classrooms and the y

2、ard, 2 1400 students and 140 staff to find their own home for chip packets and juice boxes. Volunteer students will 3 daily non-compulsory food inspections in which children bringing “zero waste lunch boxes will be 4 . Students using on 1 y 5 packaging wi 11 receive a token (礼券)to win prizes such as

3、 keepcups.The rubbish that students take home may still go to landfill (废物填埋场)via their home bins, 6 the new policy will help persuade 7 to buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers. Most issues around carrying rubbish home, such as smell and mess, can be solved. 8 tuna (金枪鱼)in a tin, for exampl

4、e, can 9 the schoolJ s compost(堆J肥)bin and the tin can be 10 before it s taken home.The col lege principal Karen Money acknowledges that some parents may not have the time or means to avoid 11 in single-use packaging, “but it s 12 to get as many people as we can to avoid it. We talk a lot, as 13 , a

5、bout the bad problems the world j4 and if we don, t start putting some 15 behind that beautifulidea, then it,s just empty.”()1. A.replaceB.washC. cleanD.remove()2. A.provingB.leavingC. promisingD.allowing()3. A.receiveB.forbidC. admitI).conduct()4. A.rewardedB.advisedC. changedD.protected()5. A.crea

6、tiveB.usualC. reusableD.plastic()6. A.soB.butC. then1).though()7. A.teachersB.staffC. familiesD.classmates()8. A. UneatenB.UncookedC. UncoveredD.Unbroken()9.A. break downB.break throughC. get throughD.go into()10.A. returnedB.washedC. reusedD.spared()11.A. foodsB.clothesC. drinksD.tools()12.A. keepi

7、ngB.dreamingC. stoppingD.trying()13.A. functionB.loanC. educatorsD.thunder()14.A. solvesB.showsC. facesD.follows()15. A. territoryB.actionsC. crewD.length【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了墨尔本女子学院正在清理所有垃圾箱， 并要求学生们把垃圾带回家，以鼓励他们朝着零浪费的方向开展。1. D 由上文 “asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to mov

8、e towards zero waste可知，此处指去除垃圾。应选I）项。2. B由上文内容可知，此处用leave。应选B项。3. D由后面的inspections可知，此处指进行检查。应选D项。4. A由后面的“win prizes可知，此处指奖励。应选A项。5. C 由下文“buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers*可知，此处指可 重复使用的包装。应选C项。6. B根据句意可知，此处两个分句之间是转折关系，应用连词but。应选B项。7. C由前面的take home和via their home bins可知,此处指说服家庭。应 选C项。8

9、. A根据常识可知，罐头里的金枪鱼是还未食用的。应选A项。9. I）根据语境可知，此处指放进堆肥箱。应选D项。10. B由语境及常识可知，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，放进堆肥箱后，罐头要清洗干净。 应选B项。11. A由语境可知，此处指一次性包装的食品。应选A项。12. D 由前面的may not have the time or means to avoid可知，此处指试图让尽可能多的人来防止。应选D项。13. C由上文“The college principal”及语境可知，此处指作为教育工作者。应选 C项。14. C由前面的the bad problems the world可知，此处用fac

10、e,意为“世界面 临的坏问题。应选C项。15. B由句意及语境常识可知，提出某种想法之后采取一些行动.应选B项。H.阅读理解A(2021年海南省海口 6月大联考)According to a new study, running 50 minutes a week, at a pace between 10-minute mile and 7. 5-minute mile, helped lower the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease and other causes. Working out more than that dicin t me

11、an more health benefits, say the researchers, based on a review of a number of studies.Because running is a popular form of physical activity, study coauthor Zeljko Pedisic and his workmates chose to take a bird, s eye view of what past studies of running and the risk of death had concluded. The tea

12、m collected 14 papers that collectively studied 230, 000 people for the effects of running on cardiovascular, cancer and other causes. Most participants were from the US and Europe.Pooling the results from these 14 studies showed that running led to lowering the risk of cancer-related death by 23%,

13、the risk of card i ovascu 1 ar-re 1 a ted death by 30%, and the risk of death from all other causes by 27%. Those benefits appeared even when people ran relatively slowly and for under an hour a week - less time than the World Heal th Organization recently suggests.There are warnings to the research

14、, though. Among other things, possibly these benefits were found because all the 14 studies of running and the cause of death only included healthy people from the get-go, the authors write. Also, only two of the papers recorded how peopleJ s running habits over the years, and how often people ran w

15、as self-reported in other papers.Though the results suggest that people might need loss of a workout than the WHO might suggest, that cloesn, t mean it s time to change these standards, Pedisic says. There are other health factors than need to be examined besides the risk of death, he says, and peop

16、le need other ways to keep fit, too.16. )1. What s the new study mainly about?A. Running as slowly as possible could keep you healthy.B. Running led to lower risk of death than other diseases.C. Running more than 50 minutes a week was bad for health.1) . Running less than an hour a week could lower

17、risks of death.()2. What does the underlined word that refer to in Paragraph 1?A. Running 50 minutes a month.B. Running 10 miles a week.C. Running 50 minutes a week.D. Running 7. 5 miles a week.()3. It can bo learned from the 14 studies ”A. 12 of the studies self-reported how often people ranB. most

18、 of the studies recorded peopler s running habitsC. only people from America and Europe were included I), running lowered the risk of death from cancer by 30% ()4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. People should run more than what the WHO suggests.B. The WHO needs to change its standar

19、ds for running.C. The new study results need to be further proved.D. Running is one of the best ways to keep fit.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章引用新的研究说明锻炼得更多并不意味着更健康。 每周跑步5（）分钟，每英里10到7. 5分钟，有助于降低患癌症、心血管疾病和其他疾病的风险。1. D主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，锻炼得更多不意为着更健康。每周跑步50 分钟，每英里】（）到7. 5分钟，有助于降低患癌症、心血管疾病和其他疾病的风险。应选D 项。2. C词义猜测题。英语中为了

20、防止前后重复，可用代词来指代前句提及的某物或者某 人。第一段中的that此处应指代前句提及的“running 50 minutes a week。此句表示： 锻炼时间超过50分钟并不意味着更健康。应选C项。3. A 推理判断题。根据文章第四段 “Also, only two of the papers recorded how people* s running habits over the years, and how often people ran was self-reported in other papers（此外，只有两篇论文记录了人们多年来的跑步习惯，以及在其他论文中自 我记

21、录的跑步频率）.可知，只有两篇论文记录了人们多年来的跑步习惯，另外12篇论文 是自我记录的跑步频率。应选A项。4. C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，虽然有新的研究认证但不意味着是时候改变这 曲标准。研究的新结果需要得到进步证明。应选C项。B（2021年山东局部重点中学新起点摸底联考）To address the plastic pollution troubling the world* s seas and waterways, Cornell University chemists have developed a new polymer that can degrade （降解） whe

22、n exposed to ultraviolet radiation, according to the research published in the JournalofthcAmcri canChcm i ca ISoc i e ty.“We have created a new plastic that has the mechanical properties required by commercial fishing gear. If it eventually gets lost in the water environment, this material can degr

23、ade on a realistic time scale, said lead researcher Bryce Lipinski, professor of chemistry and chemical biology at Cornell University. This material could reduce persistent plastic accumulation in the environment. z/Conunercial fishing contributes to about half of all floating plastic waste that end

24、s up in the oceans. Fishing nets and ropes are primarily made from three kinds of polymers, none of which easily degrade. While research of degradable plastics has received much attention in recent years, “ Lipinski said, obtaining a material with the mechanical strength comparable to commercial pla

25、stic remains a difficult challenge.Coates and his research team have spent the past 15 years developing the new plastic called isotactic polypropylene oxide, or iPPO. While its original discovery was in 1949, the mechanical strength of this material was unknown before this recent work. The high isot

26、acticity and polymer chain length of their material makes it different from previous plastics and piovides its mechanical strength.Lipinski noted that whi1e iPPO is stable in ordinary use, it eventual 1y breaks down when exposed to UV light. The change in the plastic, s composition is evident in the

27、 laboratory, but avisually, it may not appear to have changed much during the process, “ he said, “The rate of degradation is light intensity-dependent, but under their laboratory conditions, the polymer chain lengths degraded to a quarter of their original length after 30 days of exposure.，rLipinsk

28、i and other scientists want no trace of the polymer to be left in the environment. He notes there is precedent for the biodegradation of smal1 chains of iPPO which could effectively make it disappear and ongoing efforts aim to prove this.（ ）5. What is special about the new polymer?A. It can reduce p

29、lastic consumption.B. It is expected to lower fishing costs.C. It can degrade plastic waste in the sea water.D. It has been developed to solve plastic pollution.()6. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. Fishing should be forbidden in the sea.B. It requires great effort to invent the new plastic.C.

30、Nets and ropes arc not the major pollution source.D. Degradable plastics were not studied until recently.()7. What did the recent study find about iPPO?A. Its original use.B. Its special intensity.C. Its mechanical strength.D. Its complex composition.()8. What is Lipinski , s attitude towards the fu

31、ture of iPPO?A. Hopeful.B. Indifferent.C. Skeptical.D. Negative.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一种新材料的一些特点优势和面临的 一些问题。5. D细节理解题。根据第一段可知：根据发表在?美国化学学会杂志?上的研究，为了 解决困扰世界海洋和水道的塑料污染问题，康奈尔大学的化学家们开发了一种新的聚合物, 这种聚合物暴露在紫外线辐射下可以降解。由此可知，这种新型聚合物的特别之处在于它是 为了解决塑料污染而开展起来的。应选D项。6. B推理判断题。根据第三段可知：Lipinski说：“虽然近年来可降解塑料的研究 受到了很大关

32、注，但获得一种机械强度可与商业塑料媲美的材料仍然是一项艰巨的挑战。 由此推知，创造这种新塑料需要很大的努力。应选B项。7. C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The high isotacticity and polymer chain length of their material makes it different from previous plastics and provides its mechanical strength. M可知：其材料的高等度和聚合物链长度使其不同于以往的塑料，并 提供了机械强度。由此可知，最近的研究发现了 iPPO可以提供机械强度。应选C项。8. A观点态

33、度题。根据最后一段可知：Lipinski和其他科学家不希望这种聚合物残 留在环境中。他指出，iPPO小链的生物降解已有先例，可以有效地使其消失，而正在进行 的努力旨在证明这一点。由此推知，Lipinski对iPPO未来的态度是充满希望的。应选A项。III.应用文写作(2021年山东省济南外国语学校质量检测)你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以“My Most Respectful Teacher”为题，写一篇短 文参赛。内容包括：1 .人物简介；2 .尊敬和爱戴的原因。注意：1 .词数80左右；2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；My Most Respectful Teacher【答案】My

34、Most Respectful TeacherWe have a lot of respectable people around us. They may be our teachers, parents or one of our elders. As for me, my teacher, Mr. Xu is the person 1 respect most. He is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much. He works very hard every day and he will also spare

35、 much time to accompany us and share many funny things with us about his work.When I come cicross the problems of learning in my study, Mr. Xu will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely.He achieves a lot in his work, respected by his students. So, in my mind Mr. Xu is the teacher I respect most and I love him deeply.