Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected知识点整理(14页).doc

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1、-Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected知识点整理-第 14 页Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.语法过去完成时 1.用法:表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,动作发生的时间为“过去的过去”. 它是一种相对的时态,即相对于一般过去时而存在,没有一般过去时就没有过去完成时.He had learned two hundred English words by the end of last term.When they got to the field,the football match had

2、already started.2.过去完成时常用的标志性的时间状语有：by then（直到那时）,by last month（直到上个月）,by last year（直以去年）,还有when,before,after,by the time（直到的时候）等引导的从句(这些从句都是一般过去时)3.过去完成时的肯定句,否定句和疑问句的构成过去完成时的肯定句的构成是:主语+had+动词过去分词+其他. He had learned two hundred English words by the end of last term.过去完成时的否定句的构成是:主语+had+not+动词过去分词+其他

3、.He hadnt learned two hundred English words by the end of last term.过去完成时的一般疑问句的构成是:Had+主语+动词过去分词+其他. 肯定回答是Yes，主语+had 否定回答是No，主语+hadntHad he learned two hundred English words by the end of last term?Yes ,he had./No,he hadnt选择题(1)She said she more than three hundred stamps.A.will collect B.has collec

4、ted C.had collected(2)The student told me she the film twice.A.saw B.has seen C.had seen (3)Lucy in Hong Kong with us by the time her mother called her.A.had arrived B.has arrived C.arrives (4)After she her computer, she went to the police for helpA.has lost B.had lost C.lose (5)My brother _ just _

5、doing his homework.A. finished B. has finished C. finishes D. is finishing(6)By the time I got to the station,the train.A.had already leftB.leftC.has leftD.would leave(7)Maryall the exercises before her teacher collected the exercise books.A.have finishedB.finished C.had finished D.finish(8)When she

6、 got _ the shop, she realized she had _ her money at home.A.to, left B.to, forgot C.at, missed D.on, given(9)How long he in the south before he came here?A.has;lived B.had;lived C.does;live用括号内所给动词的正确时态填空(1)You never told me you (see) the professor before.(2)By last month she (read) ten novels.(3)By

7、 the time I got to the bus stop, the bus had already _(leave).(4)We _(learn)eight units by the end of last week.(5)When I (get) to the cinema,the film (be)on for ten minutes.Section A1. (1)already一般用于肯定句,常与完成时连用He has already finished his homework.(2)yet一般用于否定句和疑问句. Have you finished your lunch yet?

8、 My e-mail to you last night.Have you received it ?A.sent;yet B.is sent;already C.was sent;yet2. by the time意为“到的时候”，引导时间状语从句，主句常用过去完成时。 By the time I came in,Tom had written his name on the blackboard. 若by the time后的从句表示将来发生的事情，则主句谓语动词用将来完成时。 By the time they get there,well have finished the work.

9、_the time I got to ths bus stop,the bus had already left.A.On B.In C.By D.With3. by the end of到结束的时候，表示一段时间，因此句子多用过去完成时或将来完成时。By the end of last term we had planted 6,000 trees.We will have learned 3 units by the end of next week.4. oversleep(overslept,overslept)意为“睡过头，睡得过久” He overslept and missed

10、the train.5. 英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 “leave + 地点”,而不是“forget+地点”，forget表示“忘了某事物”，不能接地点 Unluckily, I left my book at home。Just before the English class,I suddenly realized that I My English textbook at home.A.forgot B.had forgotten C.left D.had left6. be late for意为“迟到” Dont be late for the meeting next tim

11、e.7. go off 意为“（闹钟等）响”My alarm clock goes off at six every morning.There was something wrong with my clock.It didnt this mornig.A.come out B.go off C.take off D.set off8. wear, put on, dress, be in的区别(1)wear=be in意为“穿着”，表示状态， We wear our rain boots on a rainy day.(2)put on是“穿上”，“戴上”的意思，强调动作。She put

12、on a red coat and went out. (3)dress后接人，不接衣服，常用于dress sb“给某人穿衣” dress oneself“给某人自己穿衣”(1) Our football players _ in red clothes.A. puts on B. are C. in D. wear(2)The girl is too young to _ herself. A. wear B. Put on C.dress D. is in (3)Nancy, dont always_that old jacket. It looks terrible.But I thin

13、k its cool. Mom.A.wear B.dress C.put on D.take off(4)Our math teacher an old coat and went out.A.wore B. wears C. put on D. puts on(5)Can you _ the kids while I make breakfastAll right, I will do it right now.A.put on B.wear C.dress D.be in(6)Tom,its cold outside,_your coat when you go out.A.Take of

14、f B.Put on C.Put away D.Take away9. rush out意为“冲出；奔出“ He caught up his hat and rushed out. rush to do sth意为“赶紧做某事” Shes always rushing to finish first他总是赶着第一个完成.10. luck是名词“运气”， lucky是形容词“幸运的”， luckily是副词“幸运地” (1) the weather was not so wet as it is today and we played happily.A.Lucky B.Luckily C.Un

15、luckily D.Unlucky(2)My English teacher said I was hard working.Really. Youre _.A. luckB. lucky C. luckilyD. lucks11.give sb a lift意为“捎某人一程”，也可说成give sb a ride. He often gives me a lift to the library.他经常捎我去图书馆。12.end up doing sth“结束/最后做某事”或“以做某事而结束”We didnt like it at first,but we ended up cheering.

16、最后却为之欢呼。The party ended up singing. end (up) with sth.“以结束”The party ended up with her singing. The meeting ended singing an English song.A.off B. with C. in D. up13.be filled with= be full of“装满了”(1)The box is too heavy to carry. Whats in it? Oh,it books.A. is filled with B. is used for C. is aimed

17、 at (2)The glass is full of milk.(同义句转换)The glass milk.(3)If you read a lot,your life will be full_pleasure.A.by B.of C.for D.with14.expect是动词“期待，预料”， expected“预期的，预料的” unexpected“出乎意料的；始料不及的”Im surprised at the unexpected news.14.be about to do sth意为“刚要做某事；即将做某事”。表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。The plane is a

18、bout to take off.be about to do sth通常不与具体的时间状语连用，而常与when引导的时间状语从句连用。 I was about to do my homework when my father came in.15.decide on sth“就某事做决定”Dont decide on important matters too quickly.decide to do sth“决定做某事”He decided to stay at home and look after his mother.This classroom was so dirty.I dec

19、ided .A.clean it up B.to clean it up C.clean up it16.wait in line排队等候 cut in line插队(1)我们应该排队等候上公共汽车We should to get to the bus.(2)Could you please _? Oh , sorry.I will .A .wait in line B. cut in line C. wait in a line D. cut in the line 17.stare at意为“凝视；盯着看”。 Its rude to stare at people.18.in disbel

20、ief意为“怀疑地，难以置信的” He listened in disbelief to his strange story.19.take off脱下（衣服）；（飞机）起飞 (1)The plane will from Beijing Capital Airport and land in London.A. take up B.take off C. take away D. take out(2)Your shoes are too dirty.Youd better_.A.put on them B.put them on C.take off them D.take them off

21、20.感叹句的构成：What +a /an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+感叹号 如：What a tall boy he is ! What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+感叹号what nice classrooms they are !What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语+感叹号What bad weather it it!=How bad the weather is!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+感叹号 如：How tall the tree is ! How fast she runs ! (1) great picture! Who painted it?A.H

22、ow B.What C.How a D.What a(2) clever the boy is!A.How B.What C.How a D.What a(3) good advice the teacher gave me!A.How B.What C.What a D.How a(4)_exciting news it is that we have won the match! A.What a B.What an C.What D.How.21.notuntil意为“直到才”，主句的动词一般是非延续性动词，它所表示的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。 She cant leave

23、until Friday. You cant leave until your work is finished. 拓展：until在肯定句中的用法：wait until一直等到 until用于肯定句，作“直到为止”讲时，主句的谓语动词一般是延续性动词，表示主句的动作一直延续到until所表示的时间为止。 He waits until the children are asleep. I shall stay here until twelve oclock. Many people do not realize the importance of health_they have falle

24、n.A.until B.while C.when D.after22.turn into意为“变成”， turn into意为“把变成” Water turns into ice when it freezes. The witch turned the prince into a frog.23.turn on打开,turn off关上,turn down把调低；关小,turn up把调大,他们都是动副短语，人称代词必须放在中间.(1)I can hardly hear what it is saying on TV.Would you please ?A.turn it up B. tur

25、n it down C.turn it on D.turn it off(2)Would you mind turning the light?Its too dark here. OK.Wait a minute,please.A. over B.on C. off D. down(3)Im reading now. Please tell him the TV a bit.A. turn upB. turn offC. to turn downD. to turn off24.finish doing sth意为“完成做某事” She finished reading the book b

26、efore supper. Mrs Zhao went_after she finished_her work last Monday. A.shop;doing B.shopping;doing C.shopping;to do25.(1)forget to do sth意为“忘记去做某事（尚未做）(2)forget doing sth意为“忘记做过某事（做过了）(1)Dont forget your history and politics books tomorrow morning.Thanks,I wont.A.bring B.to bring C.bringing(2)Whats

27、this?Oh,my God! Its a gift for James.I forgot_it this afternoon.A.to post B.posting C.post26. have a chance to do sth.= have a chance of doing sth意为“有机会去做某事”Do you have a chance to study abroad?Now more and more teenagers have a chance the poor children in the village during their holidays. A. help

28、B. helping C. helps D. to help27.leave for+某地，意为“动身去某地” He left(home) for the station a few minutes ago.28.else意为“别的，另外的”，常用在疑问词what,where,why等或不定代词、不定副词something,somewhere,anybody,nothing,someone等后面。what else=what other things 别的什么 something else一些别的东西Would you like to drink? Yes.Id like a cup of c

29、offee.A. else something B. something else C. anything else D. else anythingSection B1. fool作动词时意为“愚弄,欺骗” We cant fool our teach.作名词时意为“愚人”He is a fool.make a fool of意为“取笑，捉弄”Dont make a fool of her.2. 区分embarrassing和 embarrassed(1)embarrassing意为“令人尴尬的;令人为难的”,常用来描述事物本身的特性.This is an embarrassing situ

30、ation.(2)embarrassed意为“尴尬的;为难的”,常用来描述人的心理感受,主语往往是人.He was too embarrassed to talk about it.I feel embarrassed by his embarrassing words.The questions the reporter asked sometimes were and they made me .A.embarrassed;embarrassing B.embarrassing;embarrassed C.embarrassed;embarrassed D.embarrassing;emb

31、arrassing3. get dressed意为“穿衣服”，相当于 be dressed， dress后不能跟衣服类的词作宾语，若跟衣服，须用介词in，即get/be dressed in+衣服/表示颜色的词。 Hurry up and get dressed. The bride was dressed in white.新娘身穿白色礼服。4. stay up意为“不睡觉，熬夜”Did you stay up yesterday night? (1)Jenny won the first prize in the piano competition.She was so excited t

32、hat she all night.A. stayed up B. showed up C. make up(2)Tony is still in bed.He may miss the school bus.Last night he_late to write the report of his survey.A.stayed up B.woke up C.got up 5. invite是动词，意为“邀请”，其名词形式是invitation(1)invite sb to 某地意为“邀请某人去某地”We invite some exchange students to our school

33、.(2)invite sb to do sth意为“邀请某人做某事”Can you invite her to dance?(1)Are you going to invite Peter (play)chess with you?(2)Who invited you _my party? A.at B.for C.in D.to6. a little =a bit =a little bit=kind of意为“一点儿；少许”都可以用来修饰形容词/副词。a little bit quiet.此外，a little还可以直接修饰不可数名词，而a bit须和of连用才可以修饰不可数名词。The

34、weather here is a little bit hot. a little water=a bit of water一点儿水What is your new friend like? She is shy.A. a bit of B. a lot of C. a little bit D. a kind of 7. be good to意为“对好” be friendly to sb=be kind to sbShe is good to us.8. play tricks/jokes on sb意为“捉弄某人；开某人的玩笑” Dont play tricks on me.I wan

35、t to know the truth.9. (1)stop doing sth意为“停止做某事”，doing是停止的动作。(2)stop to do sth意为“停下来开始做某事”，to do表示目的，是要开始做的事情She stopped writing to listen to the teacher.He was very tired. So he stopped to have a rest.(1)Its time for supper now. Lets supper. A. stop having B. stop to have C.to stop to have D.stopp

36、ing to have(2)Danny did all kinds of things to make the baby .A. to stop crying B. stop crying C.to stop to cry D.stop to cry(3)Dad,why must I stop_computer games?For your health,my boy.A.play B.to play C.to playing D.playing10. asas possible= asa s one can/could.意为“尽可能地”, asas之间必须是形容词或副词的原级。也可以是名词。

37、That man ran home as fast as he could.=That man ran home as fast as possible.尽可能快地You must try to remember as many words as you can.as much as possible意为“尽可能多地”We should practice English as much as possible.The volunteer spoke as_as she could to make the visitors understand her.A.clearly B.more clea

38、rly C.more clearly D.the most clearly11.sell out意为“卖完，卖光”。sell过去式和过去分词都是sold The shop sold out all the shirts. The match tickets were completely sold out. Im sorry,we have_the shoes in your size. A.sell out B.sold out C.paid for D.worn out.12. marry的用法(1)marry sb 意为“和某人结婚” Jack married a pretty girl

39、.(2)get married意为“结婚”。get married to sb意为“与某人结婚”，表示动作，后面不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。在表示“和某人结婚”这一状态时，常用be married to sb结构，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。Lulu and Joe got married last week. They have been married for ten years.(1)When did you ? Ive for two months.A. get married;been married B. be married;been married C. marry;got

40、 marriedD. get married;married(2)Catherine got married_a policeman twenty years ago.A.with B.for C.to D.in(3)My sister got_to John when she was 26 years old.A.marry B.to marry C.marrying D.married13. five hundred students五百个学生 hundreds of students上百个学生There are people in the supermarket. Its so crow

41、ded.A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.hundreds of14.run away意为“逃跑；逃脱”； run away from意为“从逃脱；逃避” The teenager ran away after being punished. Its best not to run away from your problems.15.(1)borrow(对于主语来说)表示往里借，为短暂性性动词，不能与时间段连用， 常用短语为borrowfrom May I borrow your bike?(2)lend(对于主语来说)表示往外借，为短暂性性动词，不能与

42、时间段连用，常用短语为：lend sb sth=lend sth to sb. Mike lent a book to John=Mike lent John a book.(3)keep意为“保存，保留”，是延续性动词，是borrow和lend的延续性动词，能与时间段连用。How long can I keep this book? You can keep it for two weeks. May I_your English-Chinese dictionary?Sorry,I_it at home.A.lend;left B.borrow;left C.lend;forgot D.b

43、orrow;forgot16. show up意为“出席，露面”How many people showed up for the meeting?show off炫耀 show sb around 带领某人参观 on show展出，展览 Lucy called me to come to the party,but she herself didnt_. A.show around B.show up C.come out D.put up17. ask sb to do sth.“让某人做某事”；ask sb not to do sth.“让某人不要做某事” Our teacher oft

44、en asks us to listen carefully in class. My mother asked me not to go out at night. (1)Jackie asked me_anything. A.not touch B.not touched C.not touching D.not to touch (2)It was time for class.Mr King asked all the children_down quietly. A.sit B.sat C.to sit D.sitting20. tooto常和 notenough to及 sothat进行同义句转换He is too young to go to school.=He isnt old enough to go to school.=He is so young that he cant go to school.(1)The problem is too difficult for me to work out.(改为同义句)The