中考英语专题复习介词(13页).doc

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1、-中考英语专题复习介词-第 13 页专题：介词尹会敏教学目标：一 了解介词考察趋势。二 了解介词的定义和分类。三 学习并且掌握介词的用法和解题技巧。四 掌握一些固定的介词短语搭配。重点：学习并且掌握介词的用法。难点：介词解题技巧。教学过程1. 介词的功能介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如：The boy over there is Johns brother. (定语)The girl will be back in two hours. (状语)O

2、ur English teacher is from Australia. (表语)Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语)2. 常用介词的用法辨析（1）表时间的介词1）at, in on表示时间点用at。例如：at six oclock, at noon, at midnight。表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用in。例如：in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in May, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。表示具体的某一天和某一天的上

3、午，下午，晚上时，用on。例如：on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning, on a cold morning等。2）since, after由since和after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但since词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用。而after词组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与一般过去时连用。例如：I havent heard from him since last summer.After five days the boy cameback.3）in, afterin与将来时态连用时，表示“过多

4、长时间以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段时间的词语。After与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。After与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。例如：He will be back in two months.He will arrive after four oclock.He returned after a month.（2）表示地点的介词1）at, in, onat一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.They arrived at a small vill

5、age before dark.There is a big hole in the wall.The teacher put up a picture on the wall.2）over, above, onover, on和above都可表示“在上面”，但具体含义不同。Over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是under。 above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是below。On指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。例如：There is a bridge over the river.We flew above the clouds. They put so

6、me flowers on the teachers desk.3）across, throughacross和through均可表示“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同。Across的含义与on有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行。Through的含义与in有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行。例如：The dog ran across the grass.The boy swam across the river.They walked through the forest.I pushed through the crowds.4) in front of, in the front ofin fr

7、ont of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；in the front of 表示“在的前部”，在某个范围以内。例如：There are some tall trees in front of the building.The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.3. 介词的固定搭配 介词往往同其他词类形成了固定搭配关系。记住这种固定搭配关系，才能正确使用介词。（1）介词与动词的搭配listen to , laugh at, get to, look for, wait for, hear from, turn on,

8、turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spendon, 等。（2）介词与名词的搭配on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on ones way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。（3）介词与形容词的搭配be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。基础训练

9、1. Youd better not go _ the forest. Its dangerous.2. Which room are you going to live _?3. The building is _ fire. There are some people _ thetop floor.4. Before 1990 there was no airline _ the two cities.5. Its not good to come late _ school.6. Whats wrong _ your bike?7. Thank you very much _ comin

10、g to see me.8. I couldnt finish it _ your help.9. Dont laugh _ others mistakes.10. Do the twins look _ their father?11. How do you usually come to school every day?-Sometimes _ bike, sometimes _ foot.12. Its very kind _ you to help me _ my maths.13. Dont read _ the sun. Its bad _ your eyes.14. The t

11、eacher told us the moon travels _ the earth.15. You must learn these words _ heart, and answer my questions _ English.16. Please meet your uncle _ noon _ Saturday.17. Thanks _ your help. I finished the work before dark.18. Its cold and the temperature is _ zero during the night.19. The teacher is wr

12、iting _ red ink _ a piece of paper.20. The children are waiting _ the gate _ their mother.中考链接1. There are two classes _ Wednesday afternoon. (99南京) A. at B. in C. on D. to2. This programme was sent to the USA _ China _satellite. (99辽宁)A. in; of B. of; in C. from; by D. by; from3. The visitors _ Jap

13、an arrived _ Beijing Station last Tuesday morning.A. from; at B. of; to C. from; to D. of; on (99江西)4. Here are some presents _ you _ our best wishes. (99安徽)A. to; with B. for; with C. of; about D. for; for5. Lily asked her brother, Mike, not to be angry _ her. (99兰州) A. in B. to C. with D. for6. Is

14、 everyone here good _ dancing? (99昆明) A. at B. on C. to D. for7. They arrived _ Guangzhou _ the morning of May 25. (98广州)A. at; in B. in; in C. in; on D. at; during8. Children are often told not to play _ fire. (98上海) A. on B. for C. with D. under9. No one can stop her _ going away. (98河北) A. of B.

15、from C. to D. out of10. The eraser goes _ one student _ another. (98福州)A. from; for B. from; till C. from; after D. from; to11. Youll get a nice present _ your parents _ your birthday.A. from; on B. for; at C. from; in D. of; during12. Lets wait _ her _ the corner of the street. A. on; on B. for; in

16、 C. at; at D. for; at13. Look! The two men are _ trouble. They are calling _help.A. with; for B. in; for C. under; at D. into; out14. The boy filled the bottle _ some milk. Now its full _ milk.A. with; with B. of; with C. with; of D. off; without15. Mother always talks _ her friends _ the phone _wee

17、kend.A. with; on; at B. to; with; on C. about; on; through D. of; by; at16. When did he lend the dictionary _ you?-I borrowed it _ him the day before yesterday.A. from; to B. to; by C. to; from D. on; out of17. Uncle Wang lives _ a farm, but he works _ a factory.A. in; in B. to; in C. in; at D. on;

18、in18. She came up to me, _ a smile _ her face.A. with; in B. like; on C. with; on D. without; at19. He wanted to ask _ some books _ music.A. for; in B. about; of C. for; on D. about; about20. His school is far _ his home, but near _ mine.A. from; to B. from; from C. to; to D. to; from 综 合 型1. The br

19、idge _ the river is made _ big stone.A. on; from B. over; of C. above; in D. of; into2. He stayed _ his uncles _ a week.A. in; for B. with; till C. at; for D. for; about3. I cant swim _ the river _ a piece of wood.A. across; without B. through; with C. over; on D. in; by4. The desk _ the teacher is

20、_ the classroom.A. of; in front B. to; in front of C. at; before D. for; in the front of5. John cut the pear _ four pieces _ a knife.A. in; by B. into; with C. with; by D. to; in6. The other day I met a friend _ my way to school.A. of me on B. of my on C. in D. of mine on7. Its easy _ us to finish t

21、he work _ time.A. for; on B. of; in C. for; before D. of; at8. We, League members, should be strict _ ourselves _ our work.A. in; in B. with; with C. with; in D. in; with9. She asked me to sit _ her and help her _ Chinese.A. between; at B. beside; with C. before; in D. on; of10. Lin Tao answered all

22、 the questions _ the last one _usual.A. except; as B. beside; as C. except; on D. but; in11. Jims gone _ England with his family and he wont be back _ Monday.A. for; on B. to; at C. for; till D. to; until12. _ Christmas Eve, children all over Britain put a stocking_ the end of their beds before they

23、 go to sleep.A. At; by B. During; in C. On; at D. In; before13. Is the girl _ red _ duty today? A. with; on B. on; for C. of; at D. in; on14. _ a few years time, it will be covered _ many thousands of trees.A. In; with B. After; by C. In; on D. After; over15. Many old things _ show were used _ keepi

24、ng tea hot.A. at; to B. on; for C. for; on D. in; as16. English is spoken _ a first language _ most people in the USA.A. by; as B. as; by C. for; of D. like; in17. We visited him _ his workplace _ the young trees.A. in; beside B. at; along C. at; among D. to; between18. It will stop the sand _ movin

25、g _ the rich farmland in the south.A. from; towards B. from; to C. into; towards D. at; down19. Whats the difference _ a sheep and a goat?A. from B. to C. between D. among20. They got _ the foot of the mountain just now.A. at B. in C. to D. off21. My father returned at 10 oclock _ of June 15. (2000重

26、庆)A. in the night B. by the night C. on the night D. at night22. He often mistakes me _ my brother. (2000黑龙江) A. to B. as C. for D. with23. China has built a Great Green Wall _ the northern part _ the country.A. to; in B. across; of C. across; on D. at; of (2000辽宁)24. Thank you very much _ lending t

27、he eraser _ me. (2000河南)A. for; at B. to; to C. for; to D. to; for25. Since you are _ trouble, why not ask _ help?(2000安徽)A. in; for B. in; to C. with; for D. with; to26. My aunt arrived here _ a warm spring morning. (2001哈尔滨) A. in B. at C. on D. by27. His father has been _ Australia _ 1998. (2001汕

28、头)A. to; in B. in; since C. to; from D. in; from28. Mr. Black was angry _ Jim _ laughing _ him.(2002汕头) A.at; for; to B. for; with; on C. with; for; with D. with; for; at( )29. Why were your parents angry _ you yesterday evening? A. toB. on C. forD. with( ) 30. In England, people usually call me Tom

29、 _ short. A. for B. to C. on D. at( ) 31. Where are you from? Im from the USA, what _ you? A. forB. about C. in D. on( )32. Who sits _ the middle _ the classroom? A. at, ofB. in, of C. on, inD. at, for( ) 5. We usually go to school _ Monday _ Friday.A. to, from B. from, onC. from, to D. on, to( ) 6.

30、 He usually has an egg and a bottle of milk _ breakfast.A. toB. on C. for D. of( ) 7. Please turn _ all the lights in the room, or Im afraid. A. down B. on C. for D. at( ) 8. It was raining, but the farmers still went _ working in the fields.A. forB. on C. with D. from( ) 9. Please take your dirty clothes away _ here.A. fromB. off C. of D. at( ) 10. May I speak _ Becky, please? Hold on _ a moment, please. A. to, for B. for, to C. to, of D. to, at