专题28 必修5 Unit 4 Making the news-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（讲）（含答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测第28讲必修5 Unit 4讲【核心素养分析】语言知识：要求考生掌握并能运用英语词汇、语法基础知识以及所学话题。1 .考纲内要掌握的词汇、短语和句型项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）photograph n.照片 vt.给照相一photographer n.摄影师一photography n.摄影delighted adj.快乐的;欣喜的一delight n.快乐admirable adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的一admire vt,钦佩1. assist vt.帮助；协助；援助assistant n.助手；助理；售货员profession n.职业；专业一p

2、rofessional adj.专业的；职业的n.专业人员eager adj.渴望的；热切的concentrate vt聚集; 集中一concentration n 集中2. acquire vt.获得；取得；学到access vt.评估；评定inform vt.告知；通知重点单词3. meanwhile adv.其间；同时case n.情况；病例;案例accuse vt.指责；谴责；控告demand n.需求；要求vt.强烈要求4. technical adj.技术（上）的；技巧方面的gifted adj.有天赋的accurate adj,精确的；正确的approve vt.赞成；认可；批准

3、一叩proval n.认可5. process vt.加工；处理n.过程；程序；步骤appointment n.约会; 任命一appoint v 任命【例句研读】He asked us to assist him in carrying through his plan.他请求我们帮他顺利完成他的计划。(1) The teacher said that he would like to choose an assistant among us.老师说他想要从我们当中选一个助手。【归纳拓展】assistance n.帮助，援助，支持assistant n. 助手，助理；售货员assist+n./

4、pron, 帮助assist sb in/with sth帮助某人(做)某事assist (sb) in doing sth 帮助(某人)做某事assist sb to do sth帮助某人做某事【易混易错】assist 与 help(l)assist强调在提供帮助时，以受助者为主，所给的帮助起第二位或从属的作用。如：They assisted in building the house.他们帮助盖这栋房子。(2)help为普通用词，含义广泛，指一般性的或迫切需要的帮助，侧重指积极地为他人提供物质、精神 或其他方面的帮助。如：She might be able to help us.她也许能帮

5、助我们。【典例4】语法填空1. (2021 吉林梅7可口市第五中学)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medial (assist).【答案】assistance【解析】考查名词。句意：医生把自己的电话号码告诉了病人，以防他们需要医疗帮助。形容词medial后 需接名词作宾语，assist的名词为assistance“帮助，不可数名词。故填assistanceo2(2020全国)He called on as many people as possible(assist) the poo

6、r and was praised for his courage and humanity.【答案】to assist【解析】考查不定式。句意：他呼吁尽可能多的人帮助穷人，并因其勇气和人性而受到赞扬。设空处为宾 语补足语,表将要,应用不定式,故填to assist。3. （2019全国） We will do all we can to assist you your language study.【答案】with【解析】考查介词。句意：我们将竭尽全力在语言学习方面协助你。此处考查短语assist sb with sth在某方 面帮助某人，故填with。4. （2020江苏鼓楼金陵中学高三月

7、考）一Where was the experiment carried out?一It was in the lab built in the 30s where Mr. Smith worked as an （assist） professor【答案】assistant【解析】考查词形转换。句意:实验是在哪里进行的？ 是在Smith先生担任助理教授的30年代建 造的实验室里。此处assistant意为:助理。故填assistant。5. （2019江苏淮安期末）But for her timely （assist）, the prince would have been condemned

8、to death.【答案】assistance【解析】考查词形转换。句意：要不是她的及时援助，王子会已经被判处死刑。此处介词for后用名词形式，故填 assistanceo【变式】单项选择This task is too hard for us and will be needed if it is to be finished on time.A. assistance B. accomplishmentC. deliberation D. motivation【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：这个任务对我们来说太难了，如果要准时完成需要援助。assistance帮助； accompli

9、shment 完成；deliberation 考虑；motivation 动机。故选 A.1. A team of nurses the doctor in performing the operation on the boy wounded in the earthquake.A. supportedB. encouraged C. assistedD. respected【答案】c【解析】考查短语：assist sb in doing sth在某方面帮助某人，句意为一队护士帮助在地震中受伤的那个男孩 做了手术。所以选C O（黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高三开学考试）According to

10、police, Mr. and Mrs. Hunt were found dead on the floor of their kitchen.A. appointmentsB. accountsC. agreementsD. assistance.【答案】B【解析】考查单词辨析。句意：据警方，Hunt先生和夫人被发现死在家里厨房的地板上。A.任命B.账户， 说明，账号，叙述C协议D.协助。故选B。完成句子(1)one day a week would ease my workload.每周有一天配一个助手就会减轻我的工作负担。(2) He asked us to carrying throu

11、gh their plan.他要我们帮助他实施他们的计划。(3) He designing the new bridge.他协助设计了那座新桥。【答案】(1) An assistant (2) assist him in (3) assisted in考点5.concentrate v.集中；聚集；全神贯注；集合【例句研读】The governments new plan is to concentrate industries in areas of high unemployment.政府新的计划是将工业集中于高失业区。(1) If you concentrate all your ene

12、rgies on the study of English, you will master the language.你若全力以赴地学习英语，你会掌握这门语言的。【归纳拓展】concentrate on/upon(doing)sth.专心(做)某事concentrate ones mind/attention/energy/efforts on 集中注意力于； 致力于； 专心于concentration n.集中精力；专心【典例5】语法填空(2021海南北京师范大学万宁附属中学)We were short of(concentrate) and it cost us the goal and

13、 the game.【答案】concentration【解析】考查名词。句意：我们注意力不够集中，这让我们丢了一球，输掉了比赛。beshortofsth.(缺少某 物)，用抽象名词concentration作介词of的宾语。故填concentrationo(2021 江西新余四中)With all the attention(concentrate) on his work, he didnt notice Tom enter the living room.【答案】concentrated【解析】考查过去分词。句意：所有的注意力集中在他的工作上，他没有注意到汤姆进了客厅。分析句子 可知，此处

14、是“with +宾语+宾语补足语”复合结构作状语，concentrate与逻辑主语attention是被动关系，故 用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填concentratedo（2021 全国）（concentrate） is important for this kind of work, and only by concentrating on it can you get it done well.【答案】Concentration【解析】考查名词。句意：专注对这类工作很重要，只有专注才能把它做好。空处作主语、表示“专注”应用 名词concentration,表抽象概念，不可数，句首单词首字母

15、要大写。故填Concentration。1. （2021 全国）With great（concentrate） she went through the movements.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】concentration【解析】考查名词。句意：她全神贯注地完成了那些动作。此处名词作介词宾语，concentration ”专心，专 注”，不可数名词。故填concentration。2. .（2021 全国） We must concentrate our efforts on （improve） education.【答案】improving【解析】考查动名词。句意：我们必须把我们的

16、努力集中到提高教育质量上。根据空格前的on可知空格处 是宾语，要用动名词。故填improving。3. （2021 全国） You may be able to concentrate photography later if youre interested.【答案】on【解析】考查介词。句意：如果你感兴趣的话，以后你可以将注意力集中在摄影上。根据concentrate on （将 注意力集中在）可知空格处填介词。n。故填on。4. .（2021 全国） We students must concentrate our studies instead of computer games.【答

17、案】on【解析】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：我们学生必须专心学习而不是玩电脑游戏。固定搭配concentrate on sth.（专注于某事）。故填on。5. （2019江苏南通一中）When（concentrate） on/upon the task, you will finish it as quickly as you can.【答案】concentrating【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你全神贯注于这项任务时，你就会尽快完成它。主语you和concentrate 是主动关系，表示正在进行，此处省略了 are.故填concentrating.6. His attention （

18、concentrate） on what he was doing, he didnt notice that his bike had been stolen.【答案】concentrated【解析】考查词形转换。句意：他的注意力专注在所做的事情上，他没有注意到他的自行车已经被偷了。使用独立主格结构，his attention和concentrate是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。故填concentrated0Jeremy, who （concentrate） on his food, looked up at the mention of the word cash.【答案】had been

19、 concentrating【解析】考查时态。句意：一直专注于吃东西的Jeremy一听至厂钱”这个字就抬起头来。concentrate这一动 作发生在looked up之前并且还在进行，应该用过去完成进行时,故填had been concentratingo（2020珠海市第二中学月考）Its hard （concentrate） on doing homework with the TV on.【答案】to concentrate【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：开着电视，很难集中精力做作业。此处是it is hard to do stho故填to concentrate oYou should

20、 concentrate the road when you9re driving, or you will ask fbr trouble.【答案】on【解析】考查介词。当你开车时，你应该全神贯注于马路，否则你将自讨苦吃。此处是短语concentrate on 全神贯注于，故填。n。【变式】单项选择.（浙江金华月考） With his attention on the job, he didnt even look up when we came in.A. to concentrateB. concentratingC. concentratedD. having concentrated

21、【答案】c【解析】句意：他把注意力都集中在工作上，当我们进来时都没有抬头。A.to concentrate不定式表示将来 目的B. concentrating现在分词表示主动正在C. concentrated过去分词表示被动完成D. having concentrated 现在分词的完成时态，concentrate ones attention注意力集中，专注，attention和ccmcemrate是被动关系,故选C。2. （2019黑龙江哈尔滨哈师大附中开学考试）the loud noise going on in the workshop, I can hardly on my less

22、ons.A. As; putB. As; concentrateC. With; relyD. With; concentrate【答案】D【解析】考查with的复合结构和动词短语辨析。句意：由于车间里的噪音很大，我几乎不能集中精力学习。分析句子结构可知，第一空为with+宾语+宾补的复合结构，第二空，concentrate on表示“集中精力于“，而 rely on表示依靠”，故D项正确。3. I was sleepy, so I shook my head and tried what I was doing.A. to look forward toB. focusing onC. to

23、 concentrate onD. devoting to【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语。A. to look forward to期待；B. focusing on集中于；C. to concentrate on集中精力于； D.devoting to将奉献给。句意：我很困乏，所以摇头想集中精力于所做的事。try to do sth.”尽力做某事”, 此处用不定式。故选C.完成句子We must on improving education,我们必须致力于改进教育工作。(1) If you want to pass your examination, youll have to your l

24、istening skills. 如果你想通过考试，你必须注意你的听力技巧。He his work.他正全神贯注于他的工作。【答案】 (1) concentrate our efforts (2) concentrate on (3) is concentrating upon考点6.acquire vt.获得,取得，学到教材原句 Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.你只有提出了许多不同的问题之后才有可能获得你需要知道的所有信息。【例句研读】

25、To acquire success, you must work hard.要获得成功，你必须努力。(1) We must work hard to acquire a good knowledge of English.我们必须努力学习以学好英语。【归纳拓展】acquired 力习得的；后天的；的取得的；已获得的 acquisition n.取得；获得(不可数)；得到的东西(可数)acquire a knowledge of 学至U的知识【易混易错】acquire, obtain, gain 与 get这四个词都含有“得到，获得，达到(目的广之意。acquire多指通过不断地“学”、问”等

26、方式慢慢地获取学问、技术等较抽象的东西。(2)obtain表示经过相当长的时间或经过很大的努力，获得期望已久的东西。(3)gain含义较obtain进一层，表示付出更大的努力才能获得，故常译为“赢得工(4)get是使用最广泛的一个词，包含“有意努力去获得”或“被动地得至之意。【典例6】语法填空(2021 江苏省前黄高级中学)He spent years(acquire) his skills as a lawyer.【答案】acquiring【解析】考查动名词。句意：他花费了数年获得了作为律师的技能。根据spend time (in ) doing sth .(花费 时间做某事)可知空格处填动

27、名词，故填acquiring。1. (2021 全国)Tea spread into northern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Song Dynasty it(acquire) a loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption an art form.【答案】had acquired【解析】考查动词时态。句意：茶叶在唐代传入中国北方；到了宋朝，它已经获得了散装生产和使喝茶成 为了一种艺术形式的仪式。根据上文“by the Song Dynas

28、ty”可知表示过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had acquired o(2019全国)Most students are dying (acquire) what they think can make a difference to their life. 【答案】to acquire【解析】考查常用搭配。句意：大多数学生渴望获得他们认为对他们的生活有影响的东西。短语：be dying to do.表示“渴望做所以此处要用不定式。故填to acquire。2. (2019-:H-)Having read the book, she will be able to pass on the(

29、acquire)knowledge to her students.【答案】acquired【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她已经读过这本书，她将能够将所获得的知识，传递给她的学生。分析 句子可知，这里使用形容词性成分作定语修饰限定名词knowledge, acquire是动词，且句中存在谓语动词 be able to,因此这里使用非谓语动词形式，且逻辑主语knowledge与acquire之间为被动关系，因此使用过 去分词作分词形容词，作定语修饰限定名词knowledge。故填acquired。3. (2019全国)The knowledge of the world is only to(a

30、cquire) in the world, and not in a closet.【答案】be acquired【解析】考查不定式的被动语态。句意：世界的知识只能在世界中获得，而不是在壁橱里。分析句子可知， 主语是knowledge,它和动词acquire之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，即“获得知识”。空前为动词不定式符 号to,此处应填动词原形。故填be acquiredo（2021 全国） Donna has（acquire） a good knowledge of Chinese since she was four.【答案】acquired【解析】考查动词。句意：唐娜从四岁起开始很好地掌

31、握了汉语。分析句子可知，acquire（获得）是句中谓语 动词，根据句中时间状语“since she was four”可知，主句应使用现在完成时态，因此，acquire应用过去分词 形式acquired,与空格前助动词has构成现在完成时态。故填acquired0（2019全国） Core competence in（acquire） English today comes from the ability to express oneself rather than only a few certificates.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】acquiring【解析】考查动名词。句意：

32、当今英语学习的核心能力来自于表达自己的能力，而不仅仅是几张证书。在 介词in后应用动名词作宾语。故填acquiringo（2021 全国） Having read the book, she was able to pass on the（acquire） knowledge to the students.【答案】acquired【解析】考查动词过去分词。句意：读过这本书后，她能把学到（获得）的知识传授给学生。动词acquire”获 得”和所修饰的名词knowledge之间为被动关系，故用其过去分词作定语。故填acquired（2020福建漳州）（acquire） a good knowle

33、dge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school.【答案】To acquire【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了掌握英语，他放弃了工作，去英语学校学习。分析句子可知，（acquire） a good knowledge of English在句中作目的状语，用不定式，故填To acquireo（2020江苏南京市中华中学）This dictionary is my latest.（acquire）【答案】acquirement【解析】考查名词。句意:这本词典是我最新获得的东西。形容词latest后

34、接名词。根据句意，故填acquirement。4. （2020全 国） He spent years（acquire） his skills as a surgeon.【答案】acquiring【解析】考查动词。句意：作为一名外科医生，他花了好几年的时间才掌握了技术。根据所给的英语提示， 以及固定搭配spend sth. （in） doing sth.“花做某事”可知，此处用动名词形式。故填acquiring（2020全国）We must work hard（acquire） a good knowledge of English.【答案】to acquire【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我们

35、必须努力学习才能掌握英语。由句意“我们必须努力学习是为了掌握 英语”可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to acquire。5. (2020全国)If you ask many different questions, you(acquire) all the information you need to know.【答案】will acquire【解析】考查动词时态。句意：如果你问许多不同的问题，你将获得你需要知道的所有信息。条件状语从 句使用一般时态表将来，主句应用一般将来时。故填will acquire。6. (2020全国) His goal is (acquire) a go

36、od knowledge of English by teaching himself.【答案】to acquire【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的目标是通过自学来学好英语。此处使用动词不定式作表语，表示将 来的动作。故填to acquireeWe must work hard (acquire) a good knowledge of English.【答案】to acquire【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我们必须努力学习才能掌握英语。此处是不定式作目的状语。故填t。acquire。【变式】单项选择In order to a good knowledge of English, he g

37、ave up his job and went to study in an English school.A. requireB. inquireC. acquireD. address【答案】C【解析】考查词义辨析。A.需要；命令B.询问；查究C.获得；学到D.演说；忙于。句意：为了学到更好 的英语知识，他放弃了工作去一所英语学校学习。故选C。考点：考查词义辨析(2019天津南开中学期中)Students can knowledge from teachers and books.A. approachB. illustrateC. acquireD. prove【答案】C【解析】考查动词

38、的辨析。句意：学生可以从老师和书本获取知识。A. approach到达;B. illustrate举例， 说明；C. acquire获得；D.prove证明。根据句意，学生可以通过老师和书本获取到知识，而不是其他选项 的意思。故选C选项。1. The work has the status of a classic among the composers admirers.A. requiredB. acquiredC. inquiredD. inspired【答案】B【解析】词义辨析。A.需要B.获得；取得C.询问；查究D.激发；鼓舞。句意：这部作品在作曲家的 崇拜者中获得了一个最经典的地位

39、。故选B。完成句子He a great knowledge of computers by careful study.他通过认真学习精通了 电脑知识。(1) How can such a large quantity of knowledge?这么大量的知识怎样才能学至U呢？(2) I haven*t been able to that book anywhere,我在任何地方都得不到那本书。【答案】(I) acquired (2) be acquired (3) obtain考点7.inform vt.告知，通知；了解；熟悉【例句研读】Keep me informed ofYabout w

40、hat happens.有事随时通知我。(1) He informed the police that some money was missing.他向警方报案说有些钱不见了。【归纳拓展】inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事inform sb.(that)告知某人inform on/against sb.告 发某人inform oneself(of/about sth.)T 解；熟悉informed q的.有学问的；有见识的keep sb.informed随时告知某人information n.消息；情报【温馨提示】information为不可数名词，在冠词、代词的使用

41、中要特别注意。【典例7】语法填空(2021 黑龙江双鸭山一中)People are usually well kept(inform) of what is happening due to the advanced media, such as television , newspaper, and Internet.【答案】informed【解析】考查形容词。句意：由于先进的媒体，例如电视，报纸和网络，正在发生的事情通常被很好地告知给了人们。keep sb. informed of sth.表示“使某人了解某事，informed表示“了解情况的，消息灵通的“，此重点短语1. concent

42、rate on 集中；全神贯注于2. depend on 依靠； 依赖3. accuse.of 因指责或控告4. so as to (do sth.) 为了(做)5. ahead of 在前面6. have a nose for.对有敏感的嗅觉7. inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事8. . get the wrong end of the stick 完全误解；弄错9. look forward to. 盼望10. pass.on to. 把传给11. last of all 最后12. be processed into. 被制成经典句型（高考书面表达必备）1. Never

43、will Zhou Yang(ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. 周扬将永远不会忘记他在一家流行的英语报社的第一次任务。2. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里我还专修过业余摄影课来更新我的技术。3. His discussion with his new boss, Hu

44、 Xin(HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist .彳也 与他的新老板胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯会产生重要影响。4. Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?你们有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你们的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？5. So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man su

45、pposed to bride him.因此，我们安排这名球员和被认为行贿的人一起接受采访。必备语法（高级句型）动词的时态和语态2.语法基础知识动词的时态和语态主题语境：话题新闻媒体（人与社会）语言技能：能在主题语境下，运用所学的语言知识写出日常生活事物的应用文。【基础巩固】处是形容词作补足语，故填informed。2. （2021 全国）Everyone rushed out of the building when the fire alarm went off, only（inform） it was a practical joke.【答案】to be informed【解析】考查非谓

46、语动词。句意：火警警报一响，大家都冲出大楼，却被告知那是个恶作剧。分析句子结 构可知，已有谓语动词rushed out of,空处需填非谓语动词作结果状语，Everyone和inform为逻辑上的动宾 关系,需用非谓语动词的被动式。故填to be informed。3. （2021上海） （inform） of the current news, whether it is domestic or overseas, is his daily routine. 【答案】Being informed【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：了解国内外的时事新闻是他的日常工作。固定短语be informed

47、of, 了解, 此处用动名词作主语。故填Being informedo（2021 江苏镇江）He is said to be, not at home, in case we shall not go there.【答案】that【解析】考查固定短语。句意：据说，他不在家，如果那样的话我们就不该去那里。分析句子可知，not at home 对应的结果是we shall not go there,因此这里应使用in that case表示“那样的话故填thato.（2020-汕头市潮阳区期末）Thank you for keeping me （inform） of what happened in time.【答案】informed【解析】考查过去分词做宾语补足语。句意：谢谢你及时告诉我发生了什么事。分析句子结构可知，空处 填非谓语动词，又因me和inform是被动关系，故此处用过去分词做me的宾语补足语，可构成keep sb. informed of sth.的短语，意为“使某人了解某事、故填informed。4. （2019石嘴山市第三中学月考）It was considerate of Jim （inform） us his delay in case we got worried.【答案to inform【解析】考查固定句式。句意：吉姆很体贴地通知了我们,以防我们担心