2022届新高三上学期开学第一测英语试卷（全国版）02答案.docx

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1、【答案】第一局部:听力1-5： BCACB 6-10： BACBB 11-15： ACBCA 16-20 ： BAACC听力原文Text 1W: Pass me the orange juice, please?M: Sorry, I didnt hear that. The kids are making such a noise.W: I like peace and quiet while dining. They should play their pop songs elsewhere. (1)Text 2M: Who was that knocking at the window?

2、 Did we lock Allie out again?W: No, our kid has slept soundly. (2) It was one of those wild turkeys in the neighborhood.They like to hit our door and windows with their heads. Theyre worse than the cat!Text 3W: Its so cold here. Lets go to the beach for the holiday. I found cheap tickets to the sout

3、h of France in December.M: I was thinking about a ski trip, but we can save that for February. (3)Text 4M: Can you believe it? Just a few weeks ago we were wearing shorts and now we are wrapped up against winter winds?W: The weather changes so fast in this city. In summer ifs hot, and now we have th

4、is freezing weather. (4) But spring will soon come around.Text 5M: rd like one pound of beef, two pounds of ham, and two more pounds of chicken. How much will that cost?W: That will be $25, sir. Til have to cut the beef up. It should only take about five minutes.(5)Text 6W: I got my drivers license

5、the day I turned 18, but my parents didnt let me drive till three years later. (6) 常识可知。硬币掉在地上会到处“滚”。应选B。49 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：乞丐孩子们很快就把它们捡起来了。A. cleaned清扫；B. raised 抚养，饲养；C. sent运送；D. picked采摘，捡。pick up捡起。根据下文“They took12of the coins, ran after the lady and 13 them to her.”可知,此处表示乞丐孩子捡起硬币。 应选Do50 .考查动词短语

6、词义辨析。句意：与此同时，孩子们把财宝带回给了他们的母亲。A. brought back带回；B. made up组成，构成，化妆;C. led to导致；D. set up建立,创立。根据下文“The lady did not mind and had already started on her way.以及“and 13 them to her.“可知, 乞 丐孩子们把钱“带回”给他们的妈妈。应选A。51 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲给了其中一个孩子一个小耳光，低声对他说了一些我们 听不见的话。A. notice注意到;B. hear听见；C. tease取笑;D.focus集中，聚焦

7、。根据上文 “said something in a low voice to him”可知，母亲说话声音低到我们“听”不见。应选B。52 .考查代词词义辨析。句意：他们拿走了所有的硬币，追着那位女士，把它们还给她。A. some一些；B. all（三个及三个以上）都，全部；C.both两个都，双方；D. none无，没有。 根据上文“a few coins，可知，所有的硬币“全部”还给女士。应选B。53 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们拿走了所有的硬币，追着那位女士，把它们还给她。A. returned 归还；B. threw 扔掉；C. offered 提供；D. declared声明。根据

8、下文“she kept the coins back” 可知此处表示乞丐孩子把钱归还”给那位女士。应选Ao.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后他们回到他们的好母亲身边，其中一个开始在她的腿 上哭。A. lucky幸运的;B.cruel残忍的;C. thankful感激的；D. good好的，善的。根据上 文“They took12 of the coins, ran after the lady and 13them to her.”母亲要求孩子把捡来的钱归还给那位女士可推知她是一位“好”妈妈。应选Do.考查副词词义辨析。句意：拿着钱包的女士仍然无法相信到底发生了什么。A. st山仍然; B. a

9、lready 已经；C. possibly 可能地；D. doubtfully怀疑地。根据unable to believe what had really happened.可知，此处表示拿着钱包的女士“仍然”不敢相信。应选A。54 .考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她把硬币放回钱包里，继续赶路。A. Besides此外；Additionally 另外；C. However 然而；D. Firstly 首先。根据上文“The lady with the purse was 15 unable to believe what had really happened. 16. she kept t

10、he coins back in her17 and went on her wav.”可知,上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用however。应选C。57 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，她把硬币放回钱包里，继续赶路。A. purse钱包；B. pocket 口袋；C. car汽车；D.arm胳膊。根据上文“The lady with the purse”可知此处表示女士 将钱放到“钱包”里。应选A。58 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当时我对整个事件感到非常震惊。A. interested感兴趣的;B. excited兴奋的；C. shocked震惊的；D. disappointed失望的。根据

11、上文对整个事件的描述 可知，此处作者的感受是“震惊的”,更符合文意。应选C。59 .考查定语从句。句意：半个小时后，当我沿着同一条路返回时，我看到同一个乞丐家庭 正在愉快地享用一顿热饭。A. that（无含义）；B. where哪里;C.why为什么；D.when当 时候。I was returning on the same path为定语从句，half an hour later是其先行词，该先行词在定语从句里充当时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。应选D。60 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：半个小时后，当我沿着同一条路返回时，我看到同一个乞丐家庭正在愉快地享用一顿热饭。A. dog狗；B.

12、 meal 一餐；C. pig猪；D. egg蛋。根据上文“Just by looking at them I 2 a good meal was expensive for them.”可知，此处照应文章开头,指这一家人在享用热“饭”。应选B。第二节【答案】. an62. is shaped63. more64. consuming65. Typically 66. on67. vegetables68. to look69. which70. said【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的一道传统饮食一饺子，以及它的历史, 形状，食用饺子的节日和寓意。61 .考查冠词。句意：在农历

13、新年期间，饺子是庆祝活动中必不可少的美食。此处泛指“一 道必不可少的食物”，且essential以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。62 .考查动词的时态、语态。句意：中国饺子的经典折叠形状像一个银元宝，这是中国古代 的一种货币。分析句子结构可知，主语“The classic fold”与sh叩e之间为被动关系，应用被动 语态；根据语境可知，此处陈述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时；且主语“The classic fold” 为单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填is shaped。63 .考查形容词的比拟级。句意：人们相信，你做的饺子和吃的饺子越多，你在新的一年里 挣的钱和财富

14、就越多。根据下文中的“the more money”可知，此处使用固定句型“the +比拟级, the+比拟级.丁，意为“越越故填more。64 .考查非谓语动词。句意：通过吃饺子，你正在迎接新的一年和新的财富。介词“By”后 应接动名词。故填consuming。65 .考查副词。句意：通常情况下，一家人会在除夕夜聚在一起包饺子。此处应使用副词修 饰整个句子。句子首字母大写。故填Typically。66 .考查介词。句意：通常情况下，一家人会在除夕夜聚在一起包饺子。此处表示在中国春 节的除夕夜，表示具体某一天应用介词。n。故填on。67 .考查名词的单复数。句意：饺子皮装满了当地的食材，比方猪

15、肉、虾、鸡肉或蔬菜。此 处表示猪肉，虾肉，鸡肉和蔬菜都是饺子馅的原料。vegetable表示种类时，是可数名词， 此处应是多种蔬菜，所以应用其复数形式。故填vegetables。68 .考查非谓语动词。句意：有时饺子被折叠成小钱包的样子，这是另一个财富的象征。此 处表示饺子被包成看起来像小钱包的样子，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t。look。69 .考查定语从句。句意：有时饺子被折叠成小钱包的样子，这是另一个财富的象征。空格 处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“small purse，指物，在从句中作主语、应用which引 导。故填which。70 .考查时态。句意：“如果你想开创自己的饺

16、子传统，可以试试我的鸡蘑菇锅贴和蔬菜豆 腐饺子，”位于纽约布鲁克林的Loosie厨房的厨师Henry Lu说。分析句子可知，Henry Lu 说话的动作发生在过去，应使用一般过去时。故填said。第四局部：写作第一节71 1 .obviously- obvious 2. hadhas 3.删掉 as 4.waste前力口 a5. However Besides/Also6. thatwhich 7. strength一 strengths 8. and一or9. handlehandled 10. they一it【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了追星是一把双刃剑，如果把握的好，就会对年轻

17、人有好处，如果把握不好，就会对年轻人产生不好的结果。【详解】1 .考查形容词。句意：现在，追星已经成为年轻人的一种趋势，这是相当明显的。本句使 用了 itis + adj.+ that从句，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句，用形容词作表语， 故 obviously 改为 obvious。2 .考查现在完成时。句意同上。根据句中的is可知，这里应该用现在完成时，表示动作发 生在过去，一直持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去，主语是动名词chasing stars ,谓语动词 用单数，故had改为haso.考查固定词语的用法。句意：关于这个现象，我想表达我自己的观点。regarding在这里

18、 用作介词，意思是：关于，至于，就而论，其后直接跟名词而不能加as,故删掉as。3 .考查冠词。句意：一方面，追星是浪费时间和金钱，尤其是当你去听音乐会或购买相关产 品时。短语a waste of time “浪费时间”是固定搭配,故waste前加ao.考查连词。句意：除此之外，它还可能分散你的注意力，这对你的学习有坏的影响。分析 可知,这句与上句it can be a waste of time and money to chase stars （追星可能是浪费时间和 金钱）是递进关系，所以可用Besides或者Also,故However改为Besides/Also。4 .考查非限定性定语从

19、句。句意同上。分析可知，逗号之后的内容为非限定性定语从句，先 行词是前面的句子，指物，在从句中做主语，所以应该用which , that不能引导非限定性 定语从句。故that改为whicho.考查名词复数。句意：另一方面，寻求明星的力量可以帮助你成为一个更好的人，特别是 如果“明星”是一个典范，如科学家或医生。stars （明星）是复数，故strength也应用复数形 式，表示明星们的力量，故strength改为strengths。5 .考查连词。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处这个明星可以是一个科学家或者医生，表示选 择，所以应该用or。故and改为or。6 .考查非谓语动词。句意：如果处理得当

20、，对年轻人非常有益。根据句意，it和handle之 间存在被动关系，it指代双刃剑，并且it is greatly beneficial to ayoungster （这对年轻人非常 有益）是一个完整的句子，故handle应该是非谓语动词，故handle改为handledo.考查代词。句意：如果没有，可能会造成不好的后果。根据前面的句子it is greatly beneficial to a youngster （这对年轻人非常有益）可知，这里指的是双刃剑，是单数，故应该用it作为 代词，故they改为ito第二节Dear Peter,Im sorry to hear that you ar

21、e lost in online games and often quarrel with your parents.1 think its unwise to make such a decision. Addicted to playing online games, you are not only wasting your valuable time but also hurting the feelings of your parents. Judging from your last letter, your parents are living a simple life to

22、save every penny for your future. Therefore, wouldnt it be reasonable for you to respect them, have a talk with them and apologize? Meanwhile, you should manage your time more wisely and find some meaningful ways to spend your free time, such as playing sports with your friends, learning a new langu

23、age, etc.Im looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给沉迷网络游戏并因此常常和父母争执的朋友Peter写 信，告诉他网瘾的危害，要尊重父母，并建议他管理好自己的时间。【详解】.词汇积累争吵：argue with一quarrel with沉迷于：be addicted tobe lost in珍贵的：preciousvaluable空闲时 间：spare time一free time1 ,句式拓展简单句变复合句原句： Meanwhile, you should manage your time mo

24、re wisely and find some meaningful ways to spend your free time, such as playing sports with your friends, learning a new language, etc. 拓展句： Meanwhile, what you should do is to manage your time more wisely and find some meaningful ways to spend your free time, such as playing sports with your frien

25、ds, learning a new language, etc.【点睛】高分句型 1 Im sorry to hear that you are lost in online games and often quarrel with your parents.（运用了 that引导宾语从句）高分句型 2 Meanwhile, you should manage your time more wisely and find some meaningful ways to spend your free time, such as playing sports with your friends

26、, learning a new language, etc .（运用了动名词作宾语）M: My parents bought me a second-hand car when I got my drivers license.W: You are lucky. I had to have all of my friends drive me around for years! They were all older than me by a few months and still had their licenses before I did. What month were you b

27、orn in? I was born in September. My birthday is exactly two months after my sisters!M: I was born on Christmas actually. (7) It gets a little annoying because we have to celebrate both and I dont get my own day!Text 7W: How was your camping trip last weekend, John?M: Not great. The first night we st

28、ayed at one of those camping areas where you need to pay to get in. There were too many people there, though. (8) (9)W: So, what happened next?M: The next day we decided to hike about four hours to a spot where there wasnt anybody around. (9) That was a big mistake.W: Why?M: None of us brought anyth

29、ing to make a fire with. Then it started raining, and we realized even with our warm clothes it was too cold to stay overnight.W: So what did you do?M: We hiked back to the original camping area in complete darkness. We left the next morning because everyone was too tired from the night before. (9)

30、What did you do?W: I watched a movie at home by a nice wood fire.Text 8M: Roger is so intelligent. (10) He thinks fbr himself. Hes a hard worker. He has good ideas and he doesnt follow the crowd.W: So why does he do so badly in his exams? (10)M: Because he suffers from anxiety. He lacks confidence.

31、(10) His brain is so active and he thinks too much. When it comes to exams, his intelligence actually works against him.W: I wish we could help him. It seems so unfair that a persons future can be determined by how well they perform on one particular day.M: It is unfair but life is unfair. We must t

32、ry to help him by showing him how to keep calmin stressful situations* (11)W: How do we do that? I cant say that Im exactly an expert at dealing with stress, although I am better at it than I used to be.M: I can help him. I always think that exercise is a great way for dealing with stress and anxiet

33、y. When you have exhausted yourself while doing exercise, you dont have the energy to be nervous. (12)W: That is so right! I always feel calm after working out in the gym. (12)Text 9M: How is the job hunt going? (13)W: Ive applied to more than 20 jobs and had three interviews. I got two job offers b

34、ut I do not really like either of them. (13)M: Why not?W: Neither of them gave me a good salary offer. I think I deserve more than that.M: Have you researched what kind of salary your position should earn?W: Yes, and I should be getting much more than what they are offering me.M: Well, do you like t

35、he companies and the benefits they are offering you?W: I do, especially one of them called The Creator. (14) They got a lot of great reviews from their employees, and they are offering a great benefits package which includes medical and dental insurance and more holiday time than any other company.

36、(14)M: Thafs great. Dont just decline the job offer. You know what, you can negotiate the salary offer they give you. (16)W: Fd been at the company we were at for so long. (15) I forgot about the job process. I am a little worried about asking for more.M: Listen! If they offered you a job, that mean

37、s they want you! Especially in your field, data analytics, you are needed in todays job market. Everyone needs people to figure out what to do with all the data being collected.W: You have a point. I will give them a call right now. (16)Text 10 (第20题为总结题)Hello everyone, and thank you for inviting me

38、 to speak at your school. (17) Now here is a big word for you volcanologist. That is my job. Volcanology is the study of volcanoes and I spend much of my time traveling to volcanoes around the world. China can count itself lucky. It doesnt have many active volcanoes. The last one to erupt was in 195

39、1. My job has taken me to many countries, from Italy to the U.S.I have just come back from Indonesia, (18) one of the most active volcanic areas. So why is my job important? Because when we understand volcanoes, we can predict how they will behave and help protect the people who live near them from

40、possible harm. When we think of volcanoes erupting, we think of rocks but perhaps the biggest danger is from ash. There have been some very famous volcano eruptions. Krakatoa, in Indonesia, erupted in 1883, killing over 36,000 people. Santorini, in Greece, was ruined by an explosion about 3600 years

41、 ago. But the most famous eruption was Vesuvius in Italy in 79 AD. (19) Ash from the explosion buried the Roman towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum, preserving them so well that we can now visit them today. They are a treasure for historians, so you could say every volcanic cloud has a silver lining.第二

42、局部：阅读理解第一节A21. C22. A23. D分析】本文是一篇招聘广告。Institute for Artificial Intelligence at Baking University 招聘教 师，提供的岗位，条件，薪水和工作环境，申请程序和重要的时间。21 .细节理解题。根据第一局部提供的教学岗位“Natural Language Processing -Machine Learning- Robotics- Intelligent Software Systems- Intelligent Healthcare- Computational Social Science”可知,自

43、然语言处理，机器学习，机器人学，智能软件系统,智能医疗和计算社会科学都 在招聘范围内。而C.Brain Inspired and Al Chips (大脑开发和人工智能芯片)没有在提供的 教学岗位中，应选C。22 .细节理解题。根据“Application Procedures 1. The applicants should send a detailed CV, research statement, teaching statement, a future plan of the next 3-5 years to aipkupku.edu . The title of the emai

44、l should be in the form of Teaching Application to PKU-IAI”.(申请人应当将详细的研究和教学陈述以及3-5年的将来计划发送到 aipkupku.edu .邮件的标题应该按照申请表的格式)”可知，申请电子邮件的标题应按要 求填写。应选A。23 .细节理解题。根据Application Procedures 2.The first round of interview will take place at the same time with the online Young Scientists Forum.（第一轮面试将和网上青年科学家

45、论坛同口寸 进行）”和“Young Scientist Forum May 22nd, 2021 （网上青年科学家论坛将于2021年5月22 日举行）”可知，申请者在2021年5月22日参加第一轮面试。应选D。B. B25. B26. C27. C【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了 Walk Cancer Away这一抗癌组织，并呼吁读者们加入 到活动中来。24 .细节理解题。第一段倒数第二句With each st叩 we take, with each story shared, and with each donation made we are one step closer to f

46、inding a cure.”指出他们采取的每一个手段、提供 的每一个故事和每一份捐赠都使得他们离找到治疗方法更进一步。故可推测这一组织旨在找 到治疗癌症的方法。选项B指出该组织是为了最终打败癌症，即治好癌症。应选B。25 .细节理解题。第二段第二句Deeply influenced by his loss due to colorectal cancer, the Rentas family came together 12 years ago to help others who are suffering the disease.”指出深受 因结肠直肠癌丧生的James N. Renta

47、s的影响，他的家人聚到一起帮助那些遭受癌症之苦的 人。故可知James N. Rentas死于癌症，应选B。26 .词句猜想题。第三段一二句Together they have made great advancements over the years and have provided years of life for those facing adversity. In many cases, their continued efforts have led to full relief of the cancer in patients.”指出这些年他们一起取得了重大进步，并为面临

48、adversity的人们提供了几年的生命。在很多案例中，他们的持续努力都使患者的癌症得到十 足的缓解。可推测这些案例都是患病案例，故面临着的adversity也是类似癌症这样的威胁 生命的疾病。应选C。27 .推理判断题。文章最后一句We ask you, your family, and your friends to join in this years Walk Cancer Away Event.我们邀请你、你的家人和朋友加入今年的Walk Cancer Away活 动。”说明作者呼吁大家的参与。应选C。C. C29. B30. D31. B【分析】这是一篇说明文。迪士尼的新电影花木兰

49、在上映前就得到了大家的热议，作者 通过这篇文章展示了一些人对该电影的评论。28 .细节理解题。根据第一段的The new movie is a more realistic take than the previous 1998 animated film-causing it to receive the first PG-13 rating given to a Disney live-action reboot.（这部新电影比上一部1998年的动画片更加逼真，使得它获得了迪斯尼真人秀的第一个PG-13评级）”可知，迪士尼的花木兰是花木兰的故事第二次被改编成电影。应选C。29 .细节理解题。根据