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1、题型四语篇型语法填空类型1中国特色Cloze 1 (2020 全国 H)Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance. They repre

2、sent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with re

3、d envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their ,Lucky Bamboo* plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68 (care)

4、for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms(梅 花)：The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds(禧蕾)make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.文章讲述了中国人在庆祝春节时用植物、水果

5、和鲜花来做装饰以及它们所代表的美好寓J总、O61 .celebration考查名词。不定冠词a后面接可数名词单数，所以填celebration。62 .carries 考查动词时态和主谓一致。在why引导的表语从句中，动名词短语 decoratingflowers作主语，谓语动词用单数，并且此处讲的是客观事实，用一般现在时,所以填 carries。63 ing 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词represent,空处应用非谓语动词，且the earth 和come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,所以填coming。64 .than考查固定搭配。more than为固定搭配，在这里表示“不仅仅，所以填t

6、han。Sarah says, nMy dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model any more.本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了 16

7、岁的Sarah在上学的同时兼职做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功, 虽然她父亲希望她当全职模特，但是Sarah决心继续(接受)教育。61 .resting考查非谓语动词。spend time doing sth.是固定用法，故填restingo.a考查冠词。model是可数名词，此处表示”作为一名模特”，表泛指,故填不定冠词a。62 .has been told/was told 考查动词时态和语态。此处动词tell与Sarah是动宾关系，故应用被 动语态，可以用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，填has beend;此外，“被告知” 这件事情发生在过去，故也可填was toldo【易错点拨

8、】考生在考虑动词的时态时，经常会忽略语态，比方此题容易误填told。因此，遇到考查动词的题目时，要从句意出发,考虑主语与动词之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系。63 .who考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句冼行词为Sarah,指 人，且从句中缺主语,故填关系代词whoo.to prove考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.是固定用法，故填to prove064 .education 考查名词。形容词性物主代词her后应用educate的名词形式，故填educationo67.invitations考查名词复数。空前的限定词several 一般修饰可数名词复数，应用in

9、vitation 的复数形式，故填invitationso1.1 in考查介词。degree与介词in搭配，表示某专业的学位。故填in。69 es考查动词时态。全文以一般现在时为主，且句中时间状语at the moment表示”现在, 此刻”，故此处用一般现在时。又因为主语school是第三人称单数，故填comeso【易错点拨】如果使用一般现在时，还要注意主谓一致的问题。此题容易误填come。70 .certainly考查副词。本句为but连接的并列句。此处应用副词修饰第一分句，作状语，故填 certainly o类型4饮食与健康Cloze 9 (2018 浙江)Few people I kn

10、ow seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese _56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. I still remember 59 (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years

11、and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become)common for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. Th

12、ere could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home 65 di

13、nner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.本文讲述了越来越多的人外出就餐的现状，说明了外出就餐过多会对经济和健康产生影响，并 对此给出了建议。56 .dishes考查名词复数。dish是可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，且此处表示复数概念,故应用 其复数形式disheso.who/that考查定语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句

14、，先行词是 Many westerners,指人，且空处在从句中作主语,故填关系代词who/thato58.it考查代词。此处应用it作形式主语,真正的主语是t。eat out。59 .visiting考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth,表示”记得做过某事，故填visitingo 【知识拓展】非谓语动词中，现在分词所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生且现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系;过去分词与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系;不定式通 常表示将来和目的。60 .was shocked考查动词时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示“我感到很震惊shock与主 语I为动宾关系，同时

15、根据后面的learnt可知，时态为一般过去时，所以填was shockedo 61.have become考查非谓语动词。根据语境和时间状语in recent years可知,此处应用不定 式的完成式，故填have becomeo.affordable考查形容词。根据语境可知，一周在外就餐一两次可能负担得起,且空处在句中 作表语，故填形容词affordableo62 .higher考查形容词的比拟级。根据even并结合语境可知，此处表示“更高的代价”，故要用 high的比拟级highero.weight考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示“体重问题”，故空处要填名词weight。63 .for考查

16、介词。根据语境可知，此处应用介词for表示“目的”。Cloze 10 (2017 乙卷(全国 1)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overw

17、eight and heart disease - the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt _64 (remove) from food, the food t

18、astes as if it is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even 66 (bad), theamount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need

19、 in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种低脂肪、低盐的

20、饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。61 .as考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示”作为一种对抗心脏病的方式”，所以填as,意为 “作为”。62 .effects考查名词复数。此处表示“这种趋势产生了一些无心的副作用”。根据空前的 “some”及空后的“such as overweight and heart disease”可知，此处指不止一种副作用，故用名词 复数形式effectso.to process考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。63 .are removed考查动词时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时,此处也应用一般现在 时;从句的主语fat and salt

21、与remove之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed0 65.a考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。66 .worse考查副词比拟级。副词作状语，修饰后面整句话，短语even worse意为”更糟糕的是 ”，表示意义的递进。故填worse。67 .is考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时;主语Fast food 为单数，故填iSo.eating考查非谓语动词。介词by后跟名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语，故填eating。68 .careful考查形容词。此处应用形容词作表语,结合语境可知，应填carefulo.which考

22、查关系代词。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指代前句 的内容，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填关系代词whicho【能力提升】Cloze 1 (2020 全国 山)In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike. The artists reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(lEl像)done so he called all great artists to come and

23、present their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 63 (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River 一 perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest

24、 artist in the world.Filled with 64 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)artist, they smiled and 66 (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the well-known paint

25、er. As the small boat moved 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain

26、 tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑)by the greatest artist 70 earth, Mother Nature.本文讲述了一位中国古代画家找寻最伟大的艺术大师“自然母亲”的故事。69 .whose考查定语从句。本句主句为倒装句，主语an artist为先行词，后接一个定语从句，空 处与其后名词paintings之间构成所属关系，故用whoseo.finest考查形容词最高级。根据句意可知，皇帝命令所有知名画家献上他们最好的作品。70 .be chosen考查被动语态。这位画家确信自

27、己会被选中。71 .curiosity考查词形转换。介词with后应使用名词。72 .When/As考查状语从句。When/As在句中表示“当时“。73 .pointed考查时态。空处与smiled构成并列谓语，故也用一般过去时。74 .to find 考查动词不定式。set out to do sth.”开始做某事”。75 .gently 考查词形转换。修饰动词moved应使用副词。【知识拓展】形容词变副词的常见规那么：通常在形容词后直接加-ly。例:cheap(cheaply), bright(brightly)o形容词以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-ly。例:heavy(heav

28、ily), 1 ucky(luckily)o以-e结尾的形容词变副词，通常直接加-ly(true变truly时除外);但以-le结尾的形容词变副词 时，通常只需将词尾的 e 变为 y 即可。例:huge(hugely), fortunate(fortunately); simple(simply), gentle(gently), terrible(terribly)。69.surrounding 考查非谓语动词。由语境可知，此处考查see sth. doing结构,surrounding the mountain tops 作宾补。空前由 and 连接的 the mists rising f

29、rom the river 也有暗示。70.on考查固定搭配。on earth世上。Cloze 2 (2020新高考1(山东)Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at ho

30、me until it got too big 37 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38 (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 40 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a smal

31、l part of a museums collection 41 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟)and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in hist

32、ory or 43 (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the citys Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights,sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 44 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 45 peoples spare time and money with

33、other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.本文介绍了博物馆的相关知识以及现在社会博物馆的开办情况。36.wealthy考查形容词。根据设空处后面的名词people可知，这里应用形容词wealthy修饰。37.or考查连词。分析句子结构可知,until it got too big和until they died并列,同时结合语境可知，此处表示选择关系，故用连词oro38 .formed考查一般过去时。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词洞

34、时结合上下文可知，此处 的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填formedo.which/that考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语, 先行词为the British Museum,故此处用关系代词which/thato39 .are called考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知,该句主语为复数名词The parts of a museum,设空处为谓语动词，与主语之间为被动关系，结合语境可知这里为客观事实, 故此处用一般现在时的被动语态。40 .is考查一般现在时和主谓一致。根据上下文及时间状语Often可知该句应用一般现在时, 设空处为谓语动词,主

35、语为only a small part of a museums collection,是单数名词，故此处用is。 42.themselves考查反身代词。根据语境可知，主语visitors发出的动作imagine作用于自身, 此处应用反身代词形式，故填themselveso.walking考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处与前面的living at a different time in history并列，故此处用walking043 .accuracy 考查名词。根据语境和设空处前的修饰词Historical可知,此处应用名词accuracy 作主语。44 .for考查介词。根据语

36、境可知，此处表达的是”为人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他娱乐活动 进行竞争”,compete for”为竞争”，故应用介词for。Cloze 3 (2019 全国 III)On our way to the house, it was raining 61 hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs, seven

37、to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiencesand 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat,shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the back

38、yard.When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-lon

39、g stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.本文讲述了作者在美国夏威夷寄宿家庭的经历。45 .so考查固定结构。此处表示“雨下得很大，我们不禁琢磨着要多久才能到那里”。 so/suchthat意为”如此以至于由副词hard可知,此处用so。62 .to get考查动词不定式。此处考查”it takes sb. som

40、e time to do sth.”这一句型，表示“花某人 多长时间做某事”。63 .of考查介词。a pack of是固定用法，意为“一群64.who考查定语从句。先行词是their masters,指人,且关系代词在从句中作主语，故填who。 65.recommended 考查时态。根据句中的shared及并列连词and可知，此处应用一般过去时。 66 petition考查词形转换。根据空前的不定冠词an可知，此处应填名词单数形式,表示一 场有趣的比赛。67 .traditional考查词形转换。修饰名词stories应用形容词。68 .hugely 考查副词。修饰形容词popular应用

41、副词hugely。69 .were invited考查时态和语态。文章讲述发生在过去的事情，此处应为一般过去时。we和 invite之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。70 .1istening考查动词-ing。listen与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，且此处不缺谓语，应用动词 _ing作伴随状语。Cloze 4 (2019 浙江)There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that

42、they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform,nobody 56 (have) to worry about fashion (时尚).Everybody wears 57 same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jack

43、et, there is a piece of cloth 58 gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or 59 (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can 60 (easy) see them.But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer 61 this question is not clear. One study in America found that students,

44、 grades 62 (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didnt want 63 (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no 64 (connect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are 65 (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of the

45、m. Some very good schools dont have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular.Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.木文介绍了穿校服的各种好处。56 .has/will have考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处用一般现在时描述一般情况;分析句子结 构可知，主语是nobody,所以谓语动词用haso也可理解为When引导的时间状语从句用一般 现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时，故也可填will hav

46、eo.the考查冠词。根据语境和same可知,此处用the表示特指，表示同样款式的衣服。 58.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为a piece of cloth,指物，且定语从句中缺少主语,故填关系代词that/whicho59 .cycling考查动词-ing。根据walking和or可知,此处应用动词-ing与walking并列，故填 cycling o.easily考查副词。此处应用easy的副词形式来修饰动词，故填easily0 61.to考查介词。the answer to为固定用法，表示”的答案”，故填介词to。62.improved考

47、查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，此处that引导宾语从句，而从句中缺少 谓语动词，同时根据主句谓语动词found和after引导的时间状语从句中的introduced可知，此 处也应用一般过去时，故填improvedo【易错点拨】注意improve表示提高，改进”，此处是主动语态，不要误填were improvedo63.to wear考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为不定式作want的宾语，故填to wear。 64.connection/connections考查名词。根据no可知，要用名词,connection”联系，关联”符合句 意，且其为可数名词,no后可接名词单数或复数，故填

48、connection/connectionso65.traditional考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,空处作are的表语，所以要用tradition的形容 词形式traditional,表示“传统的”。Cloze 5 (2018 全国 IH)Im not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpect

49、edly, Fm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel