专题02 代词、数词、介词-2022年高考英语语法易错点快速突破（含答案解析）.docx

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1、专题02代词数词介词一真题感悟（2021 全国乙卷）氏otourism has（it） origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。origin意为“起源”，空格处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。rigin。1. （2020 全国卷 I ）Data about the moons composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether（it） plans for a

2、 future lunar （月球的）base are practical.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。设空处后面为名词plans,设空处需要形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词plans,故填its。2. （2019.北京卷）I know I will whisper to（I） the two simple words Be yourself9.【答案】myself【解析】考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself本句 的主语是I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself.3. （2018.全国卷 III） When the

3、 gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find （they） alive.【答案】them【解析】考查代词。设空处指代从句中的the gorillas,以避免重复，故填them.4. （2018.浙江卷）Many westerners that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out.【答案】it【解析】考查代词。代指做形式主语，代指动词不定式t。eat

4、 out用代词it.故填it.5. （2017.全国卷 I） In the following summer holiday my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.【答案】eighteen 改为 eighteenth o【解析】考查数词与序数词。表示某人的多少岁生日时，应当使用序数词。6. （2021 高考全国甲卷）It was built originally to protect the city the Tang Dynasty and has now beencompletely restored.My father used to

5、be very quiet, but now hed like to shoot some short videos 7(he). I think he8(become) much more positive to life and turned from a traditional father to someone 9 is more modernand fun. Now I can accompany my father, take better care of him to help him recover while enjoying what Im doing. Though I

6、dont know what will happen in the future, as of now, I think I have it both ways I am at my 10一(good).1.2.3.4.5.9. 78910.【语篇导读】有一位“95后”的女孩名叫王晓楠，她的网名叫“麦小登”，来自河南省。一年来，这位农家女用 她拍的短视频，记录了他和父亲的日常生活,她也由此火遍网络。1 .【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。此处泛指“一位短视频创作者”，应用不定冠词，且short是以辅音音素开头的单词, 所以填a。2 .【答案】followers【解析】考查名词及其单复数。空前有mor

7、e than 2 million,所以空处应用名词复数形式。故填followers。 3.【答案】studied【解析】考查时态。分析句子可知，空处作谓语。根据下文可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。 4.【答案】to take【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应当使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填totake。5 .【答案】mainly【解析】考查词性转换。空处修饰be动词are,作状语，应用副词形式。故填mainly。6 .【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，6 the countryside is like作show的宾语，且空处在从句中作宾语。7 .【答案】him

8、self【解析】考查代词。分析句子可知，空处强调主语he,所以应用反身代词himself。句意:我父亲过去很安静, 但是现在他喜欢自己拍一些短视频。8 .【答案】has become【解析】考查事态，语态及主谓一致。我认为他对生活变得更加积极，从一个传统的父亲变成了一个更现代、更有趣的人”，强调过去某一动作对现在的影响，故用现在完成时。主语是第三人称单数形式，与become 是主谓关系。故填has becomeo.【答案】who/that【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语。先行词someone 指人，故用who/that引导定语从句。9 .【答案】b

9、est【解析】考查固定短语。At ones best是固定短语，意为“在某人的最佳状态”。故填best。体裁:说明文主题语境:人与社会书法文化Chinese calligraphy(书法)is a traditional form of writing characters from the Chine language through the use of ink and a brush. It 1(root) in China all the way through centuries of practice.Chinese calligraphy is an art of 2(turn)

10、 Chinese characters into images through pressure and speedvariations the pointed Chinese brush.lt 3(stress) the expression of emotions while being a mental exercise toan artist 4 coordinates the body and the mind to select the best styling for the presentation of the passagecontent.In English/callig

11、raphyliterally means6Cbeautiful writing.nIt is a 5(write) form that unites the languagespoken in China. It is seen 6 the walls of offices, shops, hotels, and houses everywhere.Chinese calligraphy is one of the many art_7(form) that cross borders and cultures. Picasso,the world-far master of art, onc

12、e 8(express),“Had I been bom in China, I would have been a calligrapher, not a painter.Today,this powerfully graphic art is still celebrated as 9 outward expression o the artists innerpsychology. Its rhythm, movement and flow is 10(access) to anyone who views it, not only to those of uswho can read

13、characters.1.2.3.4.5.10.78910.1 .【答案】has been rooted【解析】考查时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语;由all the way through centuries ofpractice可知，root这个动作从过去一直持续到现在，应用现在完成时。主语It（指“书法”）为单数形式，且和 谓语动词root是动宾关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语的语态。故填has been rootedo.【答案】turning【解析】考查非谓语动词。在介词of后用动名词形式作宾语，故填turning。2 .【答案】stresses【解析】考查时态、语态

14、及主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语;本句在讲书法的特征，表述的是 客观事实，应用一般现在时;主语It是单数形式，其与stress是主谓关系。故填stresses。3 .【答案】who/that【解析】考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语。先行词an artist指人，故由who 或者that引导该从句。4 .【答案】written【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处修饰名词form,作定语。written意为“书面的，而written form意为“书面形式。故填writteno.【答案】on【解析】考查介词。此处是指“在墙的表面上工应用介词on（表示“在表面上

15、.【答案】forms【解析】考查名词的数。“one。件可数名词复数”意为“.之一”，所以此处用名词复数形式。故填forms。5 .【答案】expressed【解析】考查时态。Picasso是主语,the world-famous master of art是主语的同位语。空处作谓语,由时间 状语once“曾经”可知，时态用一般过去时。6 .【答案】an【解析】考查冠词。此处泛指“一种外在表达“，且outward是以元音音素开头的单词，所以应用不定冠词ano.【答案】accessible【解析】考查词性转换。空处在系动词is后作表语，应用形容词形式。故填accessible。四完形填空组合练AB

16、CAI remember the first day when I saw Sally playing basketball. I watched in wonder as she struggled her waythrough the crowd of boys on the playground. She seemed so 1 , but she managed to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net. The boys always tried to stop her 2 nobody could.I be

17、gan to notice Sally at other times, basketball in hand, playing 3 . She practiced dribbling (运球)and 4 over and over.One day I asked Sally why she 5 so much. Without a moment of hesitation she said, “I want to go to college. The only way I can go is to get a 6 . Im going to play college basketball an

18、d I want to be the best one. I believe that if I am 7 enough, I will get one. My father has told me that if the dream is big enough, the facts dont 8I 9 her through those junior high years and into high school. Every week, she led her team to 10 . One day in her senior year, I saw her sitting on the

19、 grass, her head 11 in her arms. Slowly and quietly, I 12 and sat down beside her. Whats wrong? ”I asked. Oh, nothing, came a soft reply. I am just too short. The 13 told her that at 165 cm she would probably never play for a top team-still less she would be 14 a scholarship-so she should stop dream

20、ing about college.I felt she was extremely15 , I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet. She told me that herfather said those coaches were16 . They didnt understand the 17of a dream.The next year, Sally was seen by a college basketball coach after a big game. She was 18 offered a schol

21、arship and 19 to the college team. She was going to get the college education that she had 20 and worked toward for all those years.Its true: if the dream is big enough, the facts don*t count.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位身材矮小的女生通过自己的不懈努力实现篮球梦和大 学梦的故事，告诉我们梦想的力量有多强大。1. A.silentB. smallC. strongD. huge【答案】B【解析

22、】根据设空后的“but”可知，此处表示转折关系，她身材显得如此矮小(small),但是她设法让球从他们的头顶越过进篮。故选B项。2. A上utB. andC. soD. for【答案】A【解析】 根据设空后的“nobody could”可知，没人能阻止她与“男生们总是试图阻止她之间是转折关系。故选A项。3. A.stillB againC. wellD alone【答案】D【解析】根据下文的“She practiced dribbling (运球)and 4 over and over.”可知，萨莉一遍又一遍练习运球和投篮，因此，此处指她总是独自one)打篮球。故选D项。4. A.passin

23、gB. runningC. shootingD. struggling【答案】C【解析】根据常识可知，运球动作的下一步应是投篮(shooting)。第1设空后的句子也有提示。故选C项。5. A.studiedB. practicedC. expectedD. improved【答案】B【解析】根据上文中的“She practiced . over and over.”可知，此处指作者询问萨莉为什么要如此努力地练习(practice)。故选 B 项。6. A.titleB. prizeC. scholarshipD. Reward【答案】c【解析】根据第四段最后一句中的“scholarship”

24、可知，此处指萨莉上大学的唯一途径是获得奖学金(scholarship)。故选 C 项。7. A.goodB. braveC. carefulD. active【答案】A【解析】 根据设空前的“want to be the best one”及设空后的“get one”(指前文的scholarship)可知，此处指她 相信如果她足够优秀(good),就能得到奖学金。故选A项。8. A.lackB. talkC. appearD. count【答案】 D【解析】 根据文章最后一段中的“if the dream is big enough, the facts dorft count”可知，父亲告诉

25、萨莉，如果 梦想足够大，事实就不算什么(count)。故选D项。9. A.encouragedB. respectedC. watchedD. helped【答案】c【解析】根据语境可知，作者一直在关注萨莉，故此处指作者关注着(watch)她从初中升到高中。故选C项。10. A.victoryB. confidence C. responsibilityD. profession【答案】 A【解析】萨莉一直在刻苦练习，为了自己的梦想而努力。由此可推测，此处指她带领球队取得胜利(victory),故选 A 项。11. A.droppedB. buriedC. coveredD. sunk【答案】

26、B【解析】根据下文及本段最后一句中的“so she should stop dreaming about college”可知，教练告诉萨莉她太矮了，无法进入顶尖球队，此时萨莉非常失落，因此应是将头埋在(bury)臂弯里。故选B项。12. A.walked offB. walked out C. walked around D. walked up【答案】D【解析】根据设空后的“sat down beside her”可知，此处指作者看到萨莉后，向她走去(walk up),轻轻地坐 到她旁边。故选D项。13. A.coachB. teacherC. captainD. leader【答案】A【

27、解析】根据第16空前的“those coaches”可知，此处指篮球教练(coach)告诉她，以她的身高，几乎是没有机会到一流的球队去打球的，更不用说获得奖学金了。故选A项。14. A.suggestedB. sentC. promised D. offered【答案】D【解析】根据第18空后的“offered a scholarship”可知答案为offered。offer本意为(主动)提供，此处用beoffered表示“获得学校提供的奖学金”，故选D项。15. A.worriedB. excitedC. disappointedD. surprised【答案】C【解析】萨莉一直在为上大学的

28、梦想而努力，如今被告知可能得不到奖学金，只能放弃上大学的梦想，萨莉应该是极度失望的(disappointed)。故选C项。16. A.greatB. wrongC. strictD. cruel【答案】B【解析】根据下文“They didiYt understand the 17of a dream.”可知，萨莉的父亲认为教练不懂梦想的力量，因此在否认教练说的话，认为那些教练是错误的(wrong)。故选B项。17. A.pressureB. valueC. causeD. power【答案】D【解析】根据上文可知，萨莉的父亲说如果梦想足够大，现实中的困难也算不上什么，强调了梦想的力 量（pow

29、er）。故选D项。18. A.exactlyB. naturallyC. reallyD. normally【答案】c【解析】根据下文的“She was going to get the college education”可知，萨莉真的（really）获得了 一份奖学金。故选C项。19. A.takenB. admittedC. introducedD. appointed【答案】B解析 根据上文中的“Sally was seen by a college basketball coach及offered a scholarship”可知,此处指 她进入了大学球队。故选B项。20. A.dr

30、eamed ofB. picked upC. benefited fromD. carried out【答案】A【解析】 根据设空后的“worked toward for all those years”可知，为之努力多年的应是自己的大学梦。故选 A项。BWildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species （物种）that are every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their

31、 best to 2 the species from going out of existence.Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their 3 . Emma, a female crane, has been in their 4 since she arrived in 2004.Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was 5 by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected 6, though

32、she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 7 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 8 to live with male cranes, and even had a 9 for killing some of them, which made it 10 for her to become a mother.11 the two zookeepers didnt want to see the extinction （灭绝）of this precious

33、 species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a 12 of artificial breeding （人工繁殖）and natural reproduction. This 13 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be 14 , more efforts must be made, because the pop

34、ulation of the crane in the wild is on the 15 and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 16 not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly,equal rights to survive.How can we 17 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Ti

35、m offered us the 18 ： human beings took it for granted that their 19 held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better 20 .篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了人类为拯救濒危野生动物白枕鹤所做的努力。1. A.growingB. migratingC. competing D. disappearing【答案】D【解析】由后文列举的濒临灭绝的野生动物白枕鹤的例子可知，每天都有物种在消失(disappear),故选D项。2. A.banB. sav

36、eC. splitD. remove【答案】B【解析】 由下文提到的Chris(克里斯)和Tim(蒂姆)为拯救白枕鹤所做的努力可知，科学家们一直在尽最大 努力拯救(save)这些物种免于灭绝。save sb/sth from doing sth “拯救某人/某物免于做某事”，是固定搭配。ban sb from doing sth “禁止某人做某事L3. A.abortionB. recreationC. reproductionD. administration【答案】C【解析】由第四段中的“artiEcial breeding (人工繁殖)and natural reproduction”可

37、知，这两位饲养员帮助濒危的白枕鹤繁殖(r叩roduction)。4. A.careB. eyeC. mindD. story【答案】A【解析】 由下文的叙述可知，Chris和Tim在Emma(艾玛)来到动物园之后一直在照顾她。in ones care = in the care of sb ”由某人照管“，是固定搭配。另外，下文中的human caretakers也给出了提示。5. A.foundB. chosen C. raisedD. seized【答案】C【解析】由下文中的“become deeply attached to humans”可知，她是由人类饲养(raise)大的。6. A

38、.bonus B. consequence C. victory D. sacrifice【答案】B【解析】由后面though引导的让步状语从句的意思“尽管她在那里过得很愉快”可知，“她是由人类饲养大的”这一事实导致了意想不到的后果(consequence)。7. A.neverB alwaysC. unluckilyD . cheerfully【答案】A【解析】 后面提到Emma变得非常依恋人类，由此可知，她从来不(never)把自己看作是一只鹤。8. A.likedB. refusedC. decided D. hesitated【答案】B【解析】既然Emma从来不把自己看作是一只鹤，那么

39、她会拒绝(refuse)与雄鹤一起生活。9. A.giftB. skillC. concern D. reputation【答案】D【解析】Emma非常依恋人类，她从来不把自己看作是一只鹤，拒绝与雄鹤一起生活，甚至会杀死一些雄 鹤，并因此出了名。have a reputation for W的名声”，是固定搭配。10. A.illegalB. inspiringC. important D. impossible【答案】D【解析】Emma拒绝与雄鹤一起生活，因此她就不可能(impossible)成为母亲。11. A.ThereforeB. Moreover C. However D. Inst

40、ead【答案】C【解析】“她不可能成为母亲”与“这两位动物园饲养员不想看到这一珍稀物种灭绝”是语意上的转折关系， 故选however (然而)。12. A.combination B. collectionC. strategyD. system【答案】A【解析】人工繁殖和自然繁殖是两种繁殖方式，此处指动物园饲养员把这两种方式成功地结合起来，故选combination (结合，联合)。13. A.forcedB. forbadeC. taughtD. enabled【答案】D【解析】 这种结合使Emma生了五只幼鹤。enable sb to do sth ”使某人做某事L是固定搭配，且符合此处

41、 的语境。14. A.defeatedB. gratefulC. assuredD. tolerant【答案】c【解析】由but表示的转折含义以及后面提到的“必须付出更多的努力”可知，他们现在还不能确定(assured) o15. A.listB - riseC agendaD. decline【答案】D【解析】他们必须付出更多的努力，因为野生白枕鹤的数量在下降(on the decline),许多其他物种面临灭绝。16. A.In contrast B. After all C. By the wayD. On the contrary【答案】B【解析】 出现这种情况的原因是，毕竟(afte

42、rall)不是每个人都意识到野生动物有思想、有感情，最重要的 是，还有平等的生存权利。17. A.leaveB. bridgeC. openD. identify【答案】B【解析】我们怎样才能弥合我们与其他动物之间日益扩大的鸿沟呢？ bridge the gap “消除隔阂/鸿沟/分歧”，是固定搭配。18. A.courseB. excuseC. answerD. reward【答案】c【解析】Chris和Tim就我们怎样才能弥合我们与其他动物之间日益扩大的鸿沟的问题提供了答案 (answer),因为他们的努力已经有了回报。19. A.brainsB. behaviorsC. services

43、D. projects【答案】A【解析】上文提到不是每个人都意识到野生动物有思想、有感情，最重要的是，还有平等的生存权利，人类理所当然地认为他们的大脑(brain)拥有所有的解决方案。20. A.guideB. treatC. exampleD. companion【答案】A【解析】人类理所当然地认为他们的大脑拥有所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心可以成为一个更好的向导(guide)。CSteve was a seventh grader, a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a 12-year-old. Yet, he went unnoti

44、ced-he had beenj_ every examination since first grade-until Miss Wilma.In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was 2 for basic skills.“You all did pretty well, “ Miss Wilma told the class after going over the 3 “except fbr one boy. And it【答案】in【解析 1由句意可知“在唐朝”，在朝代应当使用介

45、词in。8. （2021 高考全国乙卷）Minimize the impact of（visit） the place.【答案】Of【解析】考查介词。types of表示“各种各样类型的，文中指各种各样的旅游形式。9. （2020 高考全国卷 I） The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters（环形山）， more so the familiar near side.【答案】than【解析】考查介词。本句把月球的the far side和

46、the familiar near side作比较，且句中有比较级more,因此 应该填介词than。10. （2019全国卷 I） Modem methods tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since themid-1980s.【答案】of/for【解析】考查固定短语。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，用of连接，“methods of doing sth二意为.的方法。构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填。f/for

47、.11. （2018全国卷 I） While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life walking, cycling or swimming.【答案】than【解析】考查介词。句意：虽然经常跑步不可能使你长生不老，但报告上说与走路、骑自行车或游泳相比，跑 步对延长寿命更有效。根据题干中的“more effective”可知设空处需填介词than.故填than.12. （2017.全国卷 II） It ran for just u

48、nder seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and work.【答案】from【解析】考查介词短语。由语境可知此处指“上下班（to and from work）”,故填from.13. （2016全国卷 II） Most of us are more focused our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.【答案】on【解析】考查固定搭配。“be focus on”是固定的短语，意为“专注于”;故填on.14. .（2016全国卷 II） So