2022年情态动词归纳表,推荐文档 .pdf

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1、情态动词归纳表情态 V 词义&用法注意事项特殊用法can could 1.表具备某种能力Can 表现在能力；Could 表示过去能力 . 可用be able to 代替； was/were able to to 表示成功做了某事（1）表惊异、怀疑、不相信、不耐烦等。（此意常用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句语气） Can/Could this be true? （2）can not tooe no ugh 表示无论怎 样也不过分 ,越越好 :You cant be too careful. 2. 表请求和允许请求用 could 语气委婉允许不用could. 3.表“可能性”can 用于否定和疑问句 （

2、could 不限）can （be）表示有时候会（常与sometimes, at times 连用）may might 1. 表请求和允许请求用 might 语气更委婉。允许时用 may，表示“可以” （表示 允许时不用 might ）。(1)may/might well+V 原形：表 完全 可能, 很可能 =be very likely to:He may well be proud for his son. (2)may/might as well+V 原形：” 最好， 满可以，倒不如 ”You may as well stay here over ni ght. 2.表可能性“也许”此意常

3、用于肯定句。（might 可能最小）3 表祝愿固定句型为“ May+ 主语 +V 原型”：May you succeed! must 1.表“必须”must 多表主观、现在 /将来义务； have to 多表客观、过去义务must nt 表” 禁止” ；否定用need nt / dont have to （1）表小必然结果：All men must die. 人固有一死。（2）表示一种与说话人愿望相反、不耐 烦的感情色彩，可译为“一定要、偏偏、非要”：If you must know, her n ame is Mary. 2.表推测：“肯定 是、准是”只用于肯定句。在否定句/疑问句中用can

4、/could will would 1.表意愿 ,决心等Would 此时为 will 过去式，无意义差别（1）will 表命令（说话者确定命令一定会得到执行）或允诺：You will report to me afterwards. （命 令）They will get eno ugh money from me.（允诺 ）（2） 可用于祈使句附加疑问句（反义疑冋句） : （此时 would 比 will 委婉）Don tgo now, will you? （3）woul 短语： would rather/would prefer 宁愿； would like/would love 喜欢 /

5、想要（见注意）2.表经常性， 习惯 性，倾向性，Would 表过去反复的动作 /某种倾向（相 对于 used to 无“现已无此习惯” 之义。）3.表功能，性质叙述真理： The tree will leave without water for 3 mon ths. 4.表估计：“想必， 大概”（只时态区 另 U）此意表对目前事物的预料。That will be the postman ringing.（would 表示过去/现在；will 表示现在 /将来）5. (表请求 /要求Will you ?）此意用于疑问句，常与you 连用Will you give me a piece of p

6、aper? shall (sha nt )1.表征求意见（“好不好”）用在第一、二人称Shall the reporters wait outside or what? 点 2 其他示例：He shall have the book whe n 1 finish readi ng.(允诺 ) You shall fail if you dont work harder.( 警告)You shall come at once.( 命令)2.表允诺、威胁、警告、命令或根据规定有义务做用于第一、第二人称Passengers shall not talk with the driver while t

7、he bus is movi ng 3.表规章、法令、预言：“必须”用于所有人称Every competitor shall wear a nu mber should ought to 1.表示道乂上的责任，义务或要求，有时表示劝告：You ought to /should pay more atte nti on to what your lawyer says. （1）should 用于疑冋句中表示说话人对某事不能理解，惋惜，感到意外，赞叹，愤怒、惊异等感情，意为“竟会”,有时也用于陈述句中（2）Should 还可以用在 if 引导的条件从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有

8、可能，相当于“万一” 的意思。（见注意）2.表示推测和可能性，是“（按理说）应该之意肯定的语气没有must 用于推测时强This pen ought to /should be yours. 3.表示说话人的一种谦逊，客气，委婉的语气此意常用于第一人称时：You are mistake n ,1 should say . （依我看你是搞错了）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - - 高考热点透视热点一：表猜测的情态动词的用

9、法。词形使用场合对现在和未来的推测对过去事情的推测must 肯定句must+动词原形must have done may/might 肯定句、否定句may+动词原形may/might have done can/could 否定句、疑问句can/could +动词原形can/could have done should 肯定句、否定句、疑问句用来表示一种估计的情况按理会/估计会” should动词原形should have done 热点二：情态动词+have done 情态动词+have done的用法有两种含义 : 1.对过去情况的猜测。由表猜测的情态动词+have done构成。上表已经

10、提到。1. Shall用于第一人称疑问句中表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求。例: The room is so dirty. Of course. （ 03 上海春招）情态动词+have done 用法例句must have done 对过去进行推测表想必、准是一定做The light were out. They must have been asleep. can have done can t have done 否定、疑问句中，表怀疑和不肯定”He can t have forgotten it. Can he have gone to his aunt s? could have

11、 done couldn t have don 表本来可以做某事的 （却没有）否定表 不可能”P You could have done better, but you were too careless. Mr wang couldn t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him just now. might have done 表本来应该或可以/能做某事的（却没有）You might have given me more help, though you were busy. should/ought to have done 用于肯定句中时，表示 本该做某

12、事”，而实际上未做；用于否定句中时，则表示不该做的事反而做了。You should/ought to have been more careful. You shouldn t have spoken to your parerins this way. needn t have done 表示做了本来不必去做的事。The weather turned out fine. You needn taken your umbrella with you. had better have done 表示当时做了某事就好了”，其否定句表相反的含义。You had better have started

13、 earlier. You had better not have quarrelled with her. would rather have done 表示当时宁愿做了某事”，其否定句表相反的含义。两者都表后悔”之意。I would rather have taken her advice. I raised objections at the meeting, but now I would rather not have done that. Would like/love to have done 表示愿意做某事，但未做成。I would love to have gone to t

14、he party last night, but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. 2.表示与过去事实的主观设想。有轻微的责备、后悔之意。请参看下表: 热点三：shall，will，must 等t haveA. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do we clean it? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - - 用于第二人称陈述句表示说话人或

15、他人的意图、命令、允诺、警告、命令等。例： “The interest _ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides, A. may B. should C. must D. shall 2. Will 表示意愿或意志。例：I _ argue with you. 当主语是物时，则表示“不起作用”。例：The drawer _ shut.3. Must 表“必须、一定要”。例：Who is the girl standing over there? Well, if you _ know, her name is Mabel. （02，天津 ）A. may B. can C. must D. shalldec重庆d th24Udge. （04 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - -