2022年汽车专业英语单词和翻译重点 .pdf

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1、1.an understanding of how the systems work help you understand how the automobile works.了解各系统如何工作有助于了解汽车是如何工作的。2.these support the vehicle and cushion it from road bumps for better ride and handling.它们支撑着车身，并缓解由于路面不平引起的颠簸，以获得更好的乘坐舒适型和操作稳定性。3.The purpose of an automobile engine is to supply the power

2、 needed to move the vehicle.汽车发动机的功用是提供汽车行驶所需的动力4.The internal combustion engine is a device used to convert the chemical energy of the fuel into heat energy.and then convert this heat energy into usable mechanical energy.内燃机是一种将燃料的化学能转化为热能，再把热能转化为可利用的机械能的装置。5.The amount of air/fuel mixture allowed

3、to enter the cylinder determines the power and speed developed by the engine.进入汽缸中的可燃混合气体的数量，决定了该发动机的功率和转速。6.Reducing friction to minimize wear and loss of power is the primary job a lubrication system must perform.减少摩擦，降低磨损和动力损失是润滑系统必须完成的主要工作。7.The clutch which includes the flywheel,clutch disc,pre

4、ssure plate,springs,cover and the linkage necessary to operate the clutch is a rotating mechanism between the engine and transmission.离合器是位于发动机和变速器之间的一个旋转装置，它包括飞轮，离合器摩擦片，压盘。压紧弹簧。离合器盖以及操作离合器所需要的连接杆件等。8.To start the engine Or shift the gear,the driver has to depress the clutch pedal with the purpose o

5、f disengagement the transmission from the engine.at that time.the driven members connected to the transmission input shaft are either stationary or rotating at a speed that is slower or faster than the driving members connected to the engine crankshaft.为了启动发动机或换挡，驾驶员必须踩下离合器踏板以便于实现变速器和发动机的分离，此时。与变速器输

6、入轴相连的离合器从动件可能处于静止状态，也可能以一定的速度旋转，这一速度可能高于或低于与发动机相连的离合器主动件的旋转速度。9.either way.pushing the pedal down operates the disengagement mechanism which puts pressure on the fingers of the clutch diaphragm via a release bearing and cause the diaphragm to release the clutch plate.无论采用哪种方式，踩下踏板，操纵分离机构，通过分离轴承对离合器膜

7、片弹簧施加压力。均可以解除膜片弹簧对离合器盘的压紧！10.The modern automatic transmission consists of many components and systems that are designed to work together in a symphony of planetary gear sets,the hydraulic system,seals and gaskets.the torque converter,the governor and the modulator or throttle cable and computer con

8、trol that has evolved over the years into what many mechanically included individuals consider to be an art form.自动变速器由许多的部件和系统组成，它们有行星齿轮组，液压系统，密封圈，和密封衬垫，变矩器，油压调节器，调制器，节气门拉索，电子控制装置等，经过精心设计，运作协调，其中的电子控制装置经历了多年的发展，已经巧妙的形式融入了许多人性化的设计。11.in this scenario,when we turn the ring gear,the planets will walk

9、along the sun gear(which is held stationary)causing the planet carrier to turn the output shaft in the same direction as the input shaft but at a slower speed causing gear reduction(similar to a car in the first gear).在这种情况下，当转动齿圈，行星齿轮将沿着被固定的太阳轮运行，从而行星齿轮架带动输出轴以与输入轴相同方向的旋转但速率较小，来实现减速（类似于普通变速器的一档）名师资料

10、总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 5 页 -12.The final drive assembly also provide gear reduction so that the drive wheels spin more slowly than the drive shaft.主减速器总成具有减速作用，因而驱动轮要比传动轴转的慢。13，.brakes are actually energy conversion devices,which convert the kinetic energy(momentum)o f the vehicle into thermal e

11、nergy(heat).when stepping on the brake s,the driver command s a stopping force ten time s as powerful as the force that puts the car in motion.制动器实际上就是能量转换装置，它讲汽车的动能转化为热能，当驾驶员踩下制动踏板，所产生的制动力是汽车运动时动力的十倍。16.the typical brake system consists of disk brakes in front and either disk or drum brake s in the

12、 rear connected by a system of tubes and hoses that link the brake at each wheel to the master cylinder.常见的制动系统布置有前后盘式，前盘后鼓式，各个车轮上的制动器通过一套管路系统连接到制动主缸上。14.The parking brake system controls the rear brakes through a serious of steel cables that are connected to either a hand lever or a foot pedal.the

13、idea is that the system is fully mechanical and completely bypasses the hydraulic system so that the vehicle can be brought to a stop even if there is a total brake failure.驻车制动系统通过一套与操纵手柄与踏板相连的钢缆来操纵后轮制动器，这套系统是机械式的，且与液压系统并联，从而保证在整个液压制动系统失灵的情况下汽车也能实现制动。15.on most cars,it takes three to four complete

14、revolutions of the steering wheel to make the wheel s turn from lock to lock(from far left to far right)对于大多数汽车来说，使转向轮从一侧的极限位置偏转到嫩一侧的极限位置，（从最左侧到最右侧）转向盘需要转动三到四圈。16.different tooth pitch(number of teeth per inch)in the center than it has on the outside.有些汽车采用可变传动比的转向器，在其齿轮齿条机构中，齿条中心与两端的齿距，（每英寸的齿数）不同。1

15、7.instead of twisting further into the block the way a regular bolt would,this bolt is held fixed so that when it spins,it moves the block,which moves the gear that turns the wheels.由于转向螺栓的轴向是固定的，所以螺杆转动时，没有像通常那样螺杆向螺母深处前进，而是使螺母沿螺杆轴向移动，从而带动齿扇轴，最后偏转转向轮。18.as The Vanes spin,they pull hydraulic fluid fro

16、m the return line at low pressure force it into the outlet at high pressure.随着叶片的转动，从回油管吸入低压油然后把它压向出油口，以高压油输出。19.The compressed spring when force is removed,returns to its original position,the distance that a spring compressed under force depends on the rate of the spring.当压紧力撤除时，被压紧的弹簧恢复到初始状态，在压力作

17、用下，弹簧的压缩变形量取决于该弹簧的刚度。20.rubber bushings are placed between the bolts and the links.these bushings dampen vibrations.The links hold the axle in place and keep it from moving from side to side or forward and backward.在螺栓和控制壁之间装有橡胶衬套，这些衬套可以缓解振动。这些控制壁确保后桥工作在正确的位置，防止它左右或前后移动。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，

18、共 5 页 -unit1 body 车身chassis 底盘enclosure 外壳、套hood 车棚、车顶sway 摇摆frame 车架steering 转向、操作brake 制动weld 焊接rivet 铆钉bolt 螺钉washer 垫圈vibration振动stabilizer 稳定器ride 乘坐舒适性handling 操作稳定性linkages 转向传动机构plier 钳子distributor分电器alternator 交流发电机regulator 调节器carburetor 化油器radiator 散热器、水箱defroster 除冰装置sludge金属碎屑transmissi

19、on 变速器differential差速器power train 传动系unitized body 承载式车身suspension system 悬架系统steering system 转向系braking system 制动系shock absorbers 减震器control arms 控制臂steering wheel 转向盘steering column 转向管柱steering gears 转向器tie rod 横拉杆idler arm 随动臂brake shoe制动蹄disc brake 盘式制动器drum brakes 鼓式制动器ignition system 点火系统exhau

20、st system 排气系统lubrication system 润滑系oil filters 机油滤清器 drive（or propeller）shaft 传动轴universal joints 万向节unit2 longitudinal 纵向的transverse横向的reciprocate 往复spin 旋转piston 活塞ignite 点火rub 摩擦quart 夸脱reservoir 油箱mechanical 机械的enclosed 被附上的gallon 加仑stroke 冲程camshaft 凸轮轴combustion 燃烧disengaged 脱离啮合的flywheel 飞轮i

21、nternal-combustion engine 内燃机diesel-fuel 柴油LPG=Liquefied Petroleum Gas液化石油气体CNG=Compressed natural gas 压缩天然气spark ignition火花点火compression ignition 压缩点火spark plug 火花塞gas-turbine engine 蒸汽机Stirling engine 斯特灵发动机lubricating system 润滑系统oil pan 油底壳oil pump 机油泵exhaust system排气系统emission-control system 排放控

22、制系统energy conversion 能量转换air/fuel ratio 空燃比connecting rod 连杆TDC=Top Dead Center 上止点BDC=Bottom Dead Center 下止点intake stroke 进气冲程compression stroke 压缩冲程power stroke 作功冲程exhaust stroke 排气冲程compression ratio 压缩比unit3 residual 剩余的varnish 积碳buildup 组合adhesion 粘着cleanser 清洁剂sludge 油泥grime 污垢clog 填塞gum 粘合tr

23、ough 水槽baffle 隔板sump 油底壳crankcase曲轴名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 5 页 -箱porosity 多孔性periphery 外围synthetic 合成的additive 添加剂antiscuff 防磨损overhaul 大修 neutralize 使无效agitation 激动 start-up 启动engine block 气缸体dry-sump干油底壳wet-sump 湿油底壳pickup tube 机油吸油管filter screen滤网full-flow filtering system 全流式滤清器pressure-r

24、elief valve 安全阀bypass valve 旁通阀gear type oil pump齿轮泵jockey pulley 张紧轮corrosion inhibitor阻蚀剂detergent-dispersant 清洁分散剂viscosity index 粘度指数foam inhibitor 泡沫抑制剂unit8 clutch 离合器flywheel 飞轮stationary 静止的stationary 扭转的crankshaft 曲轴stall 停转mount 安放groove 沟 lever 杆 pivot 支点 gearbox 变速器retract 缩回compactness

25、紧密drive train 传动系drive shaft 传动轴pressure plate 压盘 clutch disc 离合器从动盘gear ratio传动比release bearing分离轴承release fork 分离拨叉master cylinder 主缸clutch pedal 离合器踏板coupling device 接合装置at idle 空转couple with 与.连接ring gear 齿圈pinion gear小齿轮splined hub 花键毂cast iron 铸铁 diaphragm spring 膜片弹簧thrust pad 止推垫engage with

26、与.啮合 centrifugal force 离心力fulcrum ring 导轴衬bell housing 离合器壳unit9 hump 圆形隆起transaxle 变速驱动桥tuck 挤进gasket垫圈governor 调速器modulator 调制器 spline 花键 bone 结合 strap 皮带 doughnut 油炸圈饼stator 定子maze 曲径submerge 淹没 quart 夸脱 downshift 向下换挡optimal 最佳的solenoid 电磁线圈retrieve 找回cork 软木塞 manipulate 操作fluid coupling液力耦合器tor

27、que converter 液力变矩器planetary gear set行星齿轮组throttle cable 节气门拉索ring gear 齿圈high gear 高速档reverse gear 倒档sprag clutch 楔块式超越离合器centrifugal force 离心力gear up 使换快档stick shift 顶档杆vacuum hose 真空软管throttle valve 节流阀leak out 泄露windshield wiper 风窗玻璃刮水器unit10 differential 差速器hypoid 准双曲面的intersect 相交 mesh 啮合tract

28、ion 静止的limited-slip differential（LSD）防滑差速器drive shaft 传动轴axle shaft 半轴final drive assembly 主减速器总成gear reduction 齿轮减速gear reduction ratios 齿轮减速比side gear 半轴齿轮pinion shaft 行星齿轮轴drive pinion 主动小齿轮unit11 disastrous 灾难性的hood 发动机罩plunger 柱塞sponginess 海绵性的malfunction故障名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 5 页 -by

29、pass 迂回corkscrew 开塞钻inoperative 不起作用的booster 调压器slam 冲击screech 发出尖锐的声音thumping 极大的momentarily 即刻thermal energy 热能master cylinder 制动主缸 brake pedal 制动踏板brake hose 制动软管slave cylinder 轮缸drum brake 鼓式制动器brake shoe 制动蹄bleeder screw 放气螺钉spongy pedal 踏板发软panic stop 紧急制动friction lining 比例阀equalizer valve 平衡阀

30、pressure differential valve 差压阀combination valve 组合阀emergency brake 紧急制动器brake booster 制动助力器flat spot 平点hydraulic actuator 液压传动机构unit12 perpendicular 垂直的intersect 相交 enclose 装入 mechanism 机械装置rack 齿条spindle 轴revolution 旋转slightly 轻微的fluid 液体linkage 连接threaded 带着螺纹的engage接合spin 回旋recirculate 在循环slope

31、斜坡oval 卵形的outlet 出口exert 尽力utilize利用consumption 消费 eliminate 除去 spindle 轴 steering system转向系统rack-and-pinion 齿条齿轮式 recirculating ball 循环球式steering ratio 转向减速比variable-ratio steering 可变速比转向 tooth pitch 齿距 turning limit 转向限值power-steering system 动力转向系统worm gear 涡轮 pitman arm 转向臂threaded rod 螺杆ball bea

32、ring 球轴承rotary-vane pump 叶片泵retractable vane 可伸缩叶片pressure-relief valve 安全阀rotary valve 回转阀spool-valve 滑阀electronic control system 电子控制系统unit13 alignment 调正 bump 碰撞 deflect 使什么偏斜clamp 夹子pivot 支点rebound 回弹strut 支柱 lengthwise 纵向的vibration 振动asymmetrical 不均匀的semielliptical 半椭圆的bracket托架 staggered错列的uni

33、t body 组合车身coil spring 螺旋弹簧leaf spring 钢板弹簧torsion bar 扭力杆station wagons 旅行车spring eye 钢板弹簧卷耳rubber bushing 橡胶衬套bolt head螺栓头spring shackle 板簧吊环upper control arm 上控制臂ball joint 球形接头stabilizer bar 稳定杆cornering force 回转力shock absorber 减震器trailing links 纵臂pinion angle 小齿轮角 U-joint 万向节U-bolt u 形螺栓fore-and-aft 纵向的名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 5 页 -