2022届北京市昌平第一中学高三上学期10月学情调研英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2022届北京市昌平第一中学高三上学期10月学情调研英语试题1 .本试卷共7页，共100分，考试时长90分钟。2 .请将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置处。3 .选择题必须作答在答题卡上。非选择题必须按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区 域内作答，未在对应的答题区域内作答或超出答题区域作答的均不得分。第一局部:知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题：每题分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中，选出最正确选 项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Eric Catalano fills in the blanks left empty by surgery or accide

2、nts.Mark Bertram, 46, lost the tips of two fingers at work in 2021 when his hand was trapped in a fan belt. After countless 1 and physical therapy （物理疗法），Bertram decided to improve hiscondition by asking Ee Catalano, a tattoo artist, to create fingernail tattoos/Tlastic surgery gave me no hope. he s

3、ays. nSo I looked for other options/1 The idea made everyone in the studio laugh-until they 2 the final result. The tattoos blend in rather than 3 My mood suddenly changed.* Catalano 4 /Like magic, everything turned from 5 to ”wow?.When Catalano 6 a photo of the tattoos, a pair of fingernails that l

4、ooked so 7 no one could believe their eyes. He had no idea the 8 would eventually be viewed by millions of people around the world.The wide-spread photo pushed Catalano,40, further into the world of paramedical tattooing. Now people with life-changing scars come to visit him. Using flesh-toned inks

5、and a needle, Catalano 9 his customers* view of themselves.While Catalano charges 100 per regular tattoos, he created paramedical tattoos for free54.u10 it doesnt make sense. Catalano says. But every time I see that emotion frommy customers, Tm 100 percent sure this is something that I can*t stop do

6、ing.”1. A. checkups2. A. considered witnessed3. A. wear away4. A. recalls5. A. strange6. A. took7. A. real8. A. checkups9. A. considered witnessed10. A. wear away11. A. recalls12. A. strange13. A. took14. A. realB. adjustmentsC. surgeriesD. battlesB. confirmedC. deniedD.B. come outC. stand outD. go

7、awayB. arguesC. announcesD. remindsB. specialC. funnyD. curiousB. printedC. copiedD. postedB. differentC. lovelyD. ordinary细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “They became the world s first kids to be “taught by a digital teacher可知，他们成为世界上第一批由智能机器人老师“教的孩子。由此可知，特殊之处在于机器人老师教他们。应选A。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “This two-way interac

8、tion not only helps attract the students? attention, but also allows the programJ s developers to monitor their engagement, and make changes if needed.即“这种双向互动不仅有助于吸引学生的注意力，还允许程序的开发人 员监视他们的参与度，并在需要时做出更改，由此可得出，其优势在于需要时，可以做出 变化。应选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 “However, regardless of how popular it becomes,

9、Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon.可知,Ravishankar 认为它不会在短期内代 替人类教育工作者。应选D。【30题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段 “While the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students in Auckland, New Zealand. They became the world s first kids to

10、 be taught by a digital teacher”可知，从新学年开始，新西兰奥克兰 的小学生将成为世界上第一批被机器人老师教的孩子。之后文章就此展开，由此可推断出 he WorldJ s First Digital Teacher Appears in Classroom 最符合本文的标题。应选 B。【点睛】确定最正确标题的方法。在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现的或强调的信息, 寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息。尤其是寻找文章的主题句。文章主要论题的关键是找到 文章的主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段，也可能在文章的末段，在文章的某一段落，或分 散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有

11、主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心集中起来, 即为全文的主题句。如第4小题，本文的中心句在首段“文章第一段While the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students in Auckland, New Zealand. They became the world? s first kids to be “taught“ by a digital teacher”可知，从新学年开始，新西兰奥克兰的小学生将成为世界上第一批

12、被机器人老师教 的孩子。之后文章就此展开，由此可推断出he World? s First Digital Teacher Appears in Classroom最符合本文的标题。应选B。DIn January 1958, Rachel Carson received a letter from her fiend Olga Owens Huckins. Huckins lived in an area of Massachusetts where the state was trying to get rid of mosquitoes. They had used planes to sp

13、ray a mixture of fuel oil and DDT (a pesticide, which can kill pests such as insects, weeds and rodents) all over the area around Huckins home. DDT was supposedly harmless but the morning after the spraying. Huckins found several of her favorite birds dead outside her house. Andthe spraying did not

14、even kill all of the mosquitoes, in fact that summer there were more of them than ever before. Huckins asked Carson if she knew someone in Washington that could help prevent future spraying.Carson had been hearing about DDT since a Swiss chemist discovered it could be used to kill insects in 1939. T

15、o many people DDT seemed like a miracle substance. Farmers were excited about saving their crops from pests. Doctors and others were excited about saving peoples lives by killing disease-carrying insects. But to Carson. DDT appeared to be dangerous to all living creatures.The more Carson found out a

16、bout DDT and other pesticides, the more she realized that she needed to help stop future spraying. Carson decided to write a book about pesticides. She said, “There would be no future peace fbr me if I kept silent/7 She called her book Silent Spring.Carson had spent her life studying, observing, and

17、 writing about nature. She was a trained biologist and a talented writer who knew how to present scientific information in compelling stories. Before Silent Spring, she had written other books from the perspective of fish birds, islands and oceans. Carson knew that all things in nature exist in a de

18、licately balanced ecosystem. In Silent Spring, Carson wrote that, although the ecosystem can adjust to changes, it needs time. Carson believed that people u the 19s0s were using pesticides carelessly Nature didnt have time to adjust, wrote Carson, because so any pesticides had been used in such larg

19、e quantities in such short tame.31. Why did Huckins write a letter to Rachel Carson?A. To tell her some bad news.B. To turn to her for help.C. To advise her to write a book.D. To ask her some questions.32. Which of the effects the spraying of the mixture in Massachusetts had is right?A. It killed pe

20、sts such as insects, weeds and rodents around Huckins* home.B. It killed all of the mosquitoes.C. There were more birds than ever beforeTt had bad effects on ecosystem.33. Who would not be happy with DDT?C. Doctors.D.B. Rachel Carson*s lifeD. DDTs bad effects on ecosystemA. Gardeners.B. Farmers.Biol

21、ogists.34. Whats the best title of the passage?A. Rachel Carsons research on natureC. Rachel Carsons Silent Spring【答案】31. B 32. D 33. D 34. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了美国生物学家Rachel Carson关注农药对环境的影响，写 了？寂静的春天?等书籍。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “Huckins asked Carson if she knew someone in Washington that could help prev

22、ent future spraying.（ Huckins问Carson,她在华盛顿是否认识可以帮助防止未 来喷洒的人）可知，Huckins写信给Rachel Carson是为了求助。应选B。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 uDDT was supposedly harmless but the morning after the spraying. Huckins found several of her favorite birds dead outside her house. And the spraying did not even kill all of the mosqu

23、itoes, in fact that summer there were more of them than ever before.（ DDT 本 来是无害的，但在喷洒后的第二天早上。Huckins发现她最喜欢的几只鸟死在她的房子外面。 喷洒甚至没有杀死所有的蚊子，事实上，夏天的蚊子比以往任何时候都多）可知，在马萨 诸塞州喷洒混合物对生态系统有不好的影响。应选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中 “They had used planes to spray a mixture of fuel oil and DDT （a pesticide, which can kill pests

24、 such as insects, weeds and rodents） all over the area around Huckins home.（他们用飞机将燃油和DDT （一种杀虫剂，可以杀死昆虫、杂草和啮齿动物等害虫） 的混合物喷洒在哈克金斯家周围的地区）”以及第二段中Farmers were excited about saving their crops from pests. Doctors and others were excited about saving peoples lives by killing disease-carrying insects. But to

25、 Carson. DDT appeared to be dangerous to all living creatures.（农民 们对挽救庄稼免受虫害感到兴奋。医生和其他人对通过杀死携带疾病的昆虫来拯救人们的生 命感到兴奋）可推知，生物学家对DDT不满意。应选D。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段 “The more Carson found out about DDT and other pesticides, the more she realized that she needed to help stop future spraying. Carson decided to w

26、rite a book about pesticides. She said, There would be no future peace for me if I kept silent.v She called her book Silent Spring4Carson对DDT和其他杀虫剂了解得越多，她就越意识到她需要帮助停止未来 的喷洒。Carson决定写一本关于杀虫剂的书。她说：“如果我保持沉默，就不会有未来的和 平。她把她的书命名为?寂静的春天?）结合介绍了美国生物学家Rachel Carson关注农药 对环境的影响，写了？寂静的春天?等书籍。可知，C选项“RachelCarson的

27、?寂静的春天? 最符合文章标题。应选C。第二节（共5小题:每题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最正确选项，选项 中有两项为多余选项。Travelling is a very enjoyable experience as it provides an opportunity to see new things.35 The following article discusses the advantages of traveling. Traveling gives you the opportunity to disconnect from your re

28、gular life. People all have crazy schedules, work and a family to take care of, and traveling alone or with some friends can give you distance and perhaps even make you realize how important these people are to you. 36Another great benefit is the relaxation you get. 37 When you come back you feel en

29、ergetic and you are happy to be back to your daily routine. 38 They will create a bond that nothing can erase no matter what happens to the friendship/relationship. You can create photo albums and when you feel nostalgic （对往事，怀恋的）you can experience the trips again by looking at your pictures.Its nev

30、er been this cheap to travel. With increasing oil prices the cheap travel era might be coming to an end. 39With the Internet and all the new technology, you can plan your trip exactly the way you want it. You can choose your budget, the duration of the trip and what you want to do.A. Its nice to enj

31、oy a stress-free time.B. As the saying goes, you never know what you have until you lose it.C. When traveling with friends or family it creates memories of a lifetime.D. Discovering different values and ways to get by in life is really interesting.E. Going on a trip means that you are most likely go

32、ing to spend time outside.F. However, there are still many budget airlines fighting for your dollar right now.G. There are many benefits other than enjoying yourself that can be realized when you travel.【答案】35.G36. B 37. A 38. C 39. F【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了旅行对人们的好处。【35题详解】上文 Travelling is a very enjoya

33、ble experience as it provides an opportunity to see new things. 说明旅行是一种非常愉快经历，因为它提供了一个看到新事物的时机。再根据下文“The following article discusses the advantages of traveling.可知，下面这篇文章讨论了旅行的好 处。由止匕可知，G 项 There are many benefits other than enjoying yourself that can be realized when you travel.（当你旅行的时候，除了享受自己，还有很多

34、好处可以实现）能够承上启下，符合题 意。应选G。【36题详解】上文 “People all have crazy schedules, work and a family to take care of, and traveling alone or with some friends can give you distance and perhaps even make you realize how important these people are to you.,z说明人们都有疯狂的日程安排，工作和家庭需要照顾，单独旅行或和朋 友一起旅行可以给你留出距离，甚至可能让你意识到这些人对你

35、有多重要。由此可知，B项 As the saying goes, you never know what you have until you lose it.（俗话说，直至U失去时才懂得 拥有）符合语境。应选B。【37题详解】上文“Another great benefit is the relaxation you get.说明旅行的另一个好处是你得到的放 松。由此可知，A项Its nice to enjoy a stress-free time.（享受没有压力的时光是很好的）正是放 松带来的美好感觉，符合题意。应选A。【38题详解】下文“They will create a bond t

36、hat nothing can erase no matter what happens to the friendship/relationship.说明他们将创造一种没有什么可以抹去的友谊或关系。由此可知，C 项 When traveling with friends or family it creates memories of a lifetime.（当与朋友或家人旅行 时，它创造了一生的记忆）中的memoriesofalifetime对应下文中的“没有什么可以抹去的友 谊或关系。应选C。【39题详解】上文 “With increasing oil prices the cheap

37、travel era might be coming to an end. 说明随着油价 上涨，廉价旅行时代可能结束。由此可知，此处讲的还是廉价旅行的话题，与前面形成转折 关系，故 F 项 However, there are still many budget airlines fighting for your dollar right now.（但 是，现在仍有许多廉价航空公司在努力争取你）符合题意。应选F。【点睛】在七选五的解题过程中选项和上下文间的转折关系是重要线索，例如本篇第5题， 根据上文 “With increasing oil prices the cheap travel

38、era might be coming to an end.”说明随着 油价上涨，廉价旅行时代可能结束。由此可知，此处讲的还是廉价旅行的话题，与前面形成 转折关系，故 F 项 However, there are still many budget airlines fighting for your dollar right now.（但是，现在仍有许多廉价航空公司在努力争取你）符合题意。应选F。三局部:书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题:第40至41题每题2分，第42题3分第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息。A calorie

39、deficit（赤字, 缺乏）is a sate in which you burn more calories than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight, how does it work? For example, if you burn 2,000 calories per day but only eat 2000, you have created a deficit of 500 calories per day. There is mathematical certainty.

40、 But, this by no means tells whole story about how calories deficit affects our lives.Before wondering what a calorie deficit is, it*s probably best to learn what a caloric is. A calorie is a unit that we use to track our bodys energy expenditure6肖耗）and storage. In order to just stay alive, human be

41、ings （and animals） bum calories. This means, even before we perform any activity, our bodies are already using energy （measured in calories） to keep us alive. Around 70% of the calories we consume are spent on just keeping our vital organs running. Thus, if a person consumes calories far more less t

42、han needed to look thin, it may have negative effects on the body.When people pick up a calorie deficit, they often merely note that the calorie math is irrefutable（无可辩驳的）.The question here is that not all calories are the same. If you eat a few bags of potato chip worth of calories to support the c

43、alorie intake needed to maintain or cut down on your weight, it will work. But, this doesn*t have the same effect on your body and overall health as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calories.It seems like a simple unit of energy has become an object of our societys obsession

44、. it neednt be that way. Remember, calorie deficits are just a tool, which serves a purpose in losing some weight and keeping track of your calorie intake seems simple enough.40. What do we know about the calorie deficit?41. Why cannot a person consumes calories far more less than needed to look thi

45、n?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Those who are on diet to lose weight healthily can eat a few bags of potato chips a day to get proper calories to support one s body.43. What is your advice for people who are losing weight? （about

46、 40 words）【答案】40. A calorie deficit is a sate in which you burn more calories than you consume and it helps people lose weight.41. Because it may have negative effects on the body.42. Those who are on diet to lose weight healthily can eat a few bags of potato chips a day to get proper calories to su

47、pport one s body. The word healthily is wrong. Because the calories that a few bags of potato chips contain are different from those that a balanced nutritional meal contain. They are not healthy for those who are on diet to lose weight.43. Instead of eating junk food, such as potato chips, hamburge

48、rs, fried food and so on, people should have balanced nutritional meals including fresh vegetables, meat and fruits. Meanwhile, please keep track of your calorie intake which is simple and important.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了卡里路及卡里路缺乏的定义同时讲述了卡里路缺乏 的给人们生活带来的影响。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 “ A calorie deficit（赤字，缺乏

49、）is a sate in which you burn more calories than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight,z （卡里路缺乏是指你 燃烧的卡里路多于你摄入的卡里路。作为最流行的减肥方法之一）可知，卡里路缺乏是指燃 烧的卡里路多于摄入的卡里路，且卡里路缺乏能帮助人们减肥，故答案为A calorie deficit is a sate in which you burn more calories than you consume and it helps people lose weig