动词用法--谓语动词：时态(7页).doc

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1、-动词用法-谓语动词：时态-第 7 页动词复习导图1.动词的分类实意动词： 及物动词 vt.不及物动词 vi.系动词-1.be(am, is, are, was, were)2.感观动词：see, hear, sound, smell, taste, touch, feel3.表象：look, seem4.变化: get, become, turn, fall, grow, run, go5.保持：stay, keep, remain6.“终止”prove, turn out to be非实意动词 情态动词: can could shall should will would may migh

2、t 助动词: Be- am, is, are, was, were being been Do- does, did, doing, done Have- has, had ,had Will- would Shall- should2.动词的变形do, does, did, to do, doing, done 规则变化与不规则变化第三人称单数动词加ing过去式、过去分词规则变化与不规则变化3.动词的用法 时态谓语 语态 情态 to do doing非谓语 done4动词的命题方式5. 练习(二)动词的用法第一：谓语动词-时态一、时态 必背时态结构一般态do进行态be doing完成态hav

3、e done过去时didwas/were doinghad done现在时do/doesam/is/are doinghave/has done将来时will dowill be doingwill have done最常用的几种时态的标志词一般过去yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now一般现在频度副词 always, usually, often, seldom sometimes, every, twice a week等一般将来tomorrow, next week, in two days

4、等过去将来the next day过去进行this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening when, while现在进行now, look, listen，during these days等将来进行tomorrow evening at eight(this time)tomorrow等现在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, up to now (by now), in the past 10 years, recent

5、ly过去完成before, by, when, after将来完成一、 一般过去时结构：did （动词过去式）标志词： yesterday, last year, last night, the other day（几天前）, just now（刚才）, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time一般过去时基本用法1.在过去发生且结束的动作或状态Eg:他于1962年5月3日出生。2.在过去时间先后接连发生的动作 She changed her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing f

6、or a better job. 3. 描述过去的情况(过去如此 现在并非如此)Edward, you play so well. But I didnt know you played the piano. 4. 瞬间动作（点动作）发生即结束常见瞬间动词：open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy, die Eg: 他死了。 注意： 用一般过去时替代过去完成时As soon as he arrived(had arrived)，he telephoned me.(因

7、为连词本身已经表示了动作的先后关系)Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492。(叙述历史事实，不用过去完成时，只用一般过去时。)二、一般现在时结构：do/does （动词原形 动词加s,es）标志词： always, every time, usually now and then = occasionally= sometimes, often, seldom(很少，不常), 一般现在时基本用法(1)表示经常性或习惯性的行为，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 例如：He usually gets up early.（

8、否定句） （疑问句） (2)普遍事实、客观真理。福建位于中国的东部。失败是成功之母。哥伦布证明地球是圆的。 (3)表示现在的行为和状态。We love our country and the Party.Tom writes good English but doesnt speak well.(4) 按时间表将要发生的动作Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 takes off at 18:20.(5) 状从中主将从现 时间状从：when, till/ until, as soon as, by the time, after, befor

9、eeg: I will go to see you when you finish the work.条件状从：if, unless, onceeg: If it rains tomorrow, we wont go to the park.让步状从：no matter, however, even ifWe will make a trip even if the weather is bad.练习：用正确的时态结构填空。1.We _(not,go) unless it _(be) fine tomorrow.2.He wont forgive me even if I _(apologiz

10、e).3.The match _(put) off if it rains.4. If city noises _(not, keep) from increasing，people will have to shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now on.三、一般将来时结构：will dobe going to dobe to do be about to do标志词： next (week), tomorrow, in (two days) 一般将来时基本用法(1)表示将要发生的动作或情况。例如：The agr

11、eement will come into force next week.Sorry，I forgot to post the letter for you.Never mind. I will post it myself after school.(2)表示一种倾向或习惯性动作。例如：Crops will die without water.(3)用 be going to 表示打算、计划、安排做某事，强调人的主观意志，而will多表示一种客观未来，有时可以表示带意愿色彩的将来或表示一种主观推测。Im going to watch TV this evening.(主观行为)I will

12、 be twenty next year.It will be rainy and windy tomorrow.(主观推测)Its going to rain.（表示不远的将来）新学年开学在即。明天学生们将在学校大门口集会。 四、过去将来时结构：“would/ should/ was (were to)动词原形” 标志词： the next day主要用在主句谓语动词为过去时的宾语从句以及有上下文暗示的情况。They would go for a picnic the next day.We were to climb the mountain, but it rained the next

13、 day.练习：用正确的时态结构填空：1. If its fine, we _ (go) fishing.2. Dont be worried. I _ (help) you.3. He is so seriously ill and he _ (die).4. I was about to leave when it _(rain). 5. She said she _ (return) in 2 days.6. I _ (see) you yesterday. But I had an unexpected guest.7. What _ (happen) if I drink this?

14、8. -Your job _ (keep) open for your return. - Thanks.五、现在进行时结构：现在进行时： am / is / are doing标志词：now, listen, look现在进行时基本用法1.正在进行尚未结束的动作我们正在上英语课。2.与always/usually等连用，表示某种情绪 She is always smiling to me. 3. 瞬间动作用进行时可表将来意为：意图、打算、安排、常用于人。常用词为 come,go,start,arrive,leave,stay等。 Im leaving tomorrow。六、过去进行时结构：w

15、as/ were doing标志词：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 过去进行时基本用法(1)过去某时正在进行的状态或动作It was raining when they left the station.(2)描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. When I got to the

16、top of the mountain, the sun was shining.I was watching TV while my mother was cooking.七、将来进行时结构：will be doing标志词：soon, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening等等。将来进行时基本用法延续性动词 礼貌的询问、请求或期待等。By this time tomorrow, Ill be lying on the beach.明天这个时候，他们将坐在电影院。这个乐队将于明天

17、晚上在俱乐部演唱。综合练习：用正确的时态结构填空。1. A hunter is a man who _ (catch) animals.2. I will visit you if Father _ (let) me.3.When I saw Mary, she _ (play) the piano. 4. Every time I _ (go) there, I would buy him something nice.5. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _ (visit) a museum when the earth

18、quake struck.6. Scientists think that the continents _ (not, be) always where they _ (be) today.7. -Whats that terrible noise? -he neighbors _ (prepare) for a party.八、现在完成时结构：have/has done标志词：(1)不确定的过去时间：already，yet，before，recently，just (刚刚)等。(2)频度副词：always，ever，never，once等。(3)包括说话时刻在内的一段时间：for+ 时间段

19、，since+时间点，in the last (past，recent) few years， up to now= until now = so far等。注意：可持续的动作+时间段He has lived here since 1978.I have been in the army for more than 5 years.瞬间动词的完成时态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。如不可说：He has joined the army for three years. 他参军已经三年了。He joined the army three years ago. He has been in the

20、army for three years.It is three years since he joined the army.Three years have passed since he joined the army.九、过去完成时结构: had done标志词: by, when, since, before, afterHe said we hadnt seen each other since I left Beijing.到上个月末为止，我们已经学了30课。12岁时，爱迪生就开始自己谋生。注意：（1）It/This is the first/last time that + 现

21、在完成时 It/That was the first/last time that + 过去完成时1. This is the first time that I _ (be) here.2. That was the second time that they _ (witness) an accident at the crossing.（2）.by the end of + 过去时间 过去完成时 by the end of + 将来时间 将来完成时1. By the end of last term，we _ (learn ) about three thousand English w

22、ords.2. By the end of next month，we _ (learn) Book Five.练习：用正确的时态结构填空：1. So far they _ (dig) more than 100 wells to get enough drinking water.2. I _ (be) busy during the last few days.3. They cant leave until they _ (do) their work.4. Now Mike isnt here. He _ (go) to Mr Greens. Perhaps he _ (come) b

23、ack in a few minutes.5. How long havent we seen each other? “ “Well, it _ (be) nearly two years since we _(meet) last. 6. When he _ (sell) all the newspapers, hell go home.语法填空：I _ (have) dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony _ (work) in a lawyers office years ago, but now he _ (now,

24、 work) at a bank . He _ (get) a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never _ (pay) it back. Tony _ (see) me and came and sat at the same table. He has never borrowed money from me. While he _ (eat), I asked him to lend me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he _ (give) me the mon

25、ey immediately. “I have never borrowed any money from you,” Tony said, “so now you can pay for my dinner!” Writing practice根据以下提示写一篇短文描述你所在的城市。1、我在这个城市已经生活六年了，在这过去的几年里这儿发生了巨大的变化。2、两年前建了一个新工厂，去年又新建了一所学校。3、科技正在迅猛地发展。4、我相信人们得生活会变得越来越好。练习1We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ (leave) off

26、ice soon 2. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon _ (return) to his old ways. 3. The truth, sir, is that the old man _ (walk) across the road when my car hit him.4. The lake will be further polluted unless some measures _(take).5. The notice _ (read) “No smoking”.6. The workers _ (work) busily when the boss came to look for something he _ (leave) in the office.7. The girl _ (read) more than 1, 000 English novels when she entered the senior high school.8. Will you attend the meeting this afternoon? But I _ (tell) anything about it.