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1、2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练（通用版）21新闻类英语阅读攻略【高频考点回顾】一、新闻类英语的特征新闻英语（journalistic English）主要是指新闻报道文章使用的英语。它主要表达在英语报刊之中，而阅 读英文报刊是许多同学的爱好。阅读英文报刊，不但可以帮助我们了解天下大事，而且可以在有意无意间 学到许多英语语言知识。阅读英文报刊可以使我们接触到大量鲜活的语言，因为英语是当今世界开展最快、 变化最大的语言，而报刊是英语语言开展的先锋，是对英语开展变化反响最为敏锐的媒体，报刊上的文章 总是能迅速跟上时代步伐，及时创造新的词汇、新的语言形式及语法结构。阅读英文报刊已经成为我们了 解英

2、语的开展变化，增加背景知识的重要手段。随着我国改革开放的不断加深，中外文化交往日渐增多， 这也为我们阅读英文报刊提供了可能，阅读英文报刊已经成为英语学习重要的和有益的补充。报刊上的文章以新闻报道（news report）为主,它通常由标题（headline）导语（lead）和正文（body） 三局部组成。二、新闻类英语阅读方法1.仔细阅读导语英文报纸标题不但难懂，而且很容易使人误解，比方“Loyalty Order Issued”（政府发布效忠命令），到底 是哪个政府发的命令？只看从标题是无从知道的。要想掌握信息概况，必须仔细阅读导语。导语（lead）就 是指新闻报道的第一段或第一、二段，它是

3、新闻报道最基本内容的概括和浓缩。随着社会节奏的加快，人 们读报的时间越来越少，而报纸却越变越厚。为了吸引读者，各类报纸的普遍做法都是开门见山，把最重 要、最精彩、最吸引人的内容浓缩在导语中，力求一开始便引起读者的兴趣，使他读下去。所以导语成为 新闻报道的主要内容之一，被看作是“新闻的灵魂导语要求围绕着新闻报道的五大基本要素who（人物），what （事件），where （地点），when （时间），why （原因）或how （进展）用极其精炼的语言把事件的过程和真相一语道破。从某种意义上说，新闻导语乃是一篇完整新闻报道的浓缩形式。例如：Somuler Berger, assistantto t

4、he US President for national security affairs, arrived in Beijing yesterday for a three-day visit to China as a guest of the Chinese Foreign Ministry. Berger is scheduled to confer with Chinese leaders on matters relating to US President Bill Clintons coming China visit according to ministry sources

5、.这是比拟典型的导语，用两句话（一段）就把时间、地点、人物、事件和原因等重要信息做了简要的 概括，使读者一目了然。所以，导语是全文的精华和浓缩，读者必须仔细阅读。governments sponsored her with a million yuan. A year later, Zhangs school was completed, becoming the first free all-girls high school in China. During the past 13 years, the school has nurtured over 1,800 students who

6、 have made it to universities.With no offspring and property, Zhang lives in a dormitory building with her students. She has donated all her cash awards, donations from others, and most of her salaries, more than a million yuan, to the children and other people in need. She suffers from 23 diseases,

7、 but she is still working selflessly.Her story has moved millions of Chinese people and is now written into a newly published Brief History of the Peoples Republic of China.12. Whafs the writing style of this passage?A. A biography.B. An argumentation.C. A news report.D. A narration.13. Whats Zhangs

8、 dream mentioned in the passage?A. To change the destiny of the girls in the mountain.B. To lift girls in the mountain out of poverty.C. To establish a childrens home.D. To found a free high school for girls only.14. Which piece of information about Zhang Guimei is true?A. She has committed herself

9、to education in urban areasShe is a moral model burning herself to light others.B. She has been teaching in Huaping county since she came to Yunnan.C. She was awarded the Medal on 1 July.【答案】CDB【解析】本文是新闻报道，介绍了获得中国共产党最高荣誉七一勋章的时代楷模张桂梅的荣誉和成就。12 .推理判断题。根据第一段On June 29 this year, Zhang Guimei was awarded

10、 CPCs top honor July 1 Medal at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. （今年6月29日，张桂梅在北京人民大会堂被授予中国共产党最高 荣誉“七一奖章”。）此处有时间和地点，描述的是当今社会的事实，所以本文的写作风格是新闻报道。应选 C项。13 .细节理解题。根据第四段Her report titled I have a dream,9 delivered at the meeting made her dream of building a free all-girls high school known to（她在会上

11、发表了题为我有一个梦想的报告，使她建立 免费女子高中的梦想广为人知。）可知，张桂梅的梦想是建立一所免费的女子高中，应选D项。14 .推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“She has donated all her cash awards, donations from others, and most of her salaries, more than a million yuan, to the children and other people in need. She suffers from 23 diseases, but she is still working selflessly.

12、（她把自己所有的现金奖励、他人的捐款以及自己的大局部工资（100多万元渚B捐给 了孩子和其他需要帮助的人。她患有23种疾病，但她仍然无私地工作。）可知，张桂梅对于教育事业无私 奉献自己，所以她是一个燃烧自己以照亮他人的道德模范。应选B项。5Chinas new bullet train is now the worlds fastest land vehicle （交通工具）China Rail-way Rolling Stock Corporation showed the production version of its magnetic levitation （磁悬浮）bullet t

13、rain in Qingdao on Tuesday. State media says the train has a top speed of 373 mph. That speed doesnt just make it the fastest train in the world, but makes it the fastest land vehicle. The bullet train is able to travel at such high speeds because of magnetic levitation. The technology uses electro-

14、magnetic force to levitate the body of the vehicle less than two inches from the rails and drive it forward along the tracks. By riding on a cushion of air, friction （摩擦力）is completely reduced, allowing it to travel faster than traditional trains where wheels and rails are constantly in contact. Alt

15、hough China has made use of the technology for a couple decades now, its only ever been used at very limited areas.China Railway says its bullet train will greatly help cut down travel time. At top speedy the vehicle will be able to complete the 754-mile trip between Beijing and Shanghai in just two

16、 and a half hours. That same trip takes just over three hours by plane, five and a half hours by current high-speed rail options or 12 hours by car. That could make the train an especially attractive travel option for business travelers in the country. It5s unclear when the new bullet train will go

17、into operation. The vehicle that the company showed off on Tuesday is the finished article.Of course, the trains record might not stand fbr long. The Central Japan Railway Company is testing a maglev train. It will be able to top out at 375 mph, according to New Atlas. But that isnt expected to be s

18、hown in public until 2027 at the earliest. That gives China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation plenty of time to refine and upgrade its bullet train and push its top speed even higher.15. What can we know about the Chinas new bullet train?A. It is the fastest land vehicle.B. It is close to the speed

19、of sound.C. It has gone into operation widely.D. It has taken the place of the traditional train.16. What challenge might China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation face?A. The poor management of it.B. The lack of money used to improve the train.C. The competition from Japanese company.D. The shortage

20、of creativity from its engineers.17. What is the attitude of the author to Chinas bullet train?A. Objective.C. Unconcerned.18. What is the text mainly about?A. The worlds most costly train.C. The Chinas modem trains.B. Doubtful.D. Unfriendly.B. The Chinas new bullet train.D. The worlds fastest vehic

21、le.【答案】AC AB【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了中国新型快速列车的问世，介绍了它最快的原因，优势以及受到 来自日本企业的竞争。15 .细节理解题。根据第一段“Chinas new bullet train is now the worlds fastest land vehicle （交通工具）“（中国 的高速列车现在是世界上最快的陆地交通工具）由此可知，中国的高速列车现在是世界上最快的陆地交通 工具。应选A项。16 .细节理解题。根据最后一段Of course, the trains record might not stand for long. The Central Jap

22、an Railway Company is testing a maglev train. It will be able to top out at 375 mph, according to New Atlas.（当然， 这歹ll 火 车的纪录可能维持不了多久。日本中部铁路公司正在测试磁悬浮列车。据新阿特拉斯报道，它的最高时速 将到达375英里）由此可知，中国铁路总公司面临来自日本公司的竞争挑战。应选C项。17 .推理判断题。根据第一段“Chinas new bullet train is now the worlds fastest land vehicle （交通工具）;The bul

23、let train is able to travel at such high speeds because of magnetic levitation.,9（中国的高速列车现在是世界上最 快的陆地交通工具。由于磁悬浮，子弹头列车能够以如此高的速度行驶）根据第二段“China Railway says its bullet train will greatly help cut down travel time.”（中国铁路表示，快速列车将大大缩短旅行时间）根据第三 段“Of course, the trains record might not stand for long. The C

24、entral Japan Railway Company is testing a maglev train. It will be able to top out at 375 mph, according to New Atlas.（当然，这列火车的纪录可能维持不了 多久。 日本中部铁路公司正在测试磁悬浮列车。据新阿特拉斯报道，它的最高时速将到达375英里）可知，短文 报道了中国新型快速列车的问世，介绍了它最快的原因，优势以及受到来自日本企业的竞争。作者对此没 有发表任何自己的观点。只是客观说明事实。由此判断出，作者的态度是客观的。应选A项。18 .主旨大意题。根据第一段Chinas ne

25、w bullet train is now the worlds fastest land vehicle （交通工具）China Rail-way Rolling Stock Corporation showed the production version of its magnetic levitation （磁悬浮）bullet train in Qingdao on Tuesday.（中国的高速列车是目前世界上速度最快的陆地车辆。周二，中国轨道交通股份有限 公司在青岛展示了其磁悬浮高速列车的版本）以及报道了中国新型快速列车的问世，介绍了它最快的原因， 优势以及受到来自日本企业的竞争。

26、所以短文主要是关于中国新型快速列车。应选B项。6China has set new rules limiting the amount of time children can play online games. The rules it children to just three hours of online game playing a week. That is one hour between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Friday, Saturday and Sunday most weeks.Li Zhanguo has two children aged 4

27、 and 8. Even though they do not have smart phones, they enjoy playing online games. Like many other parents, Li is happy with new government rules. But experts say it is unclear if such policies can help prevent addiction to online games. Children might just get addicted to social media instead. In

28、the end, experts say, parents should be the ones to set limits and support good practices.There has been a growing concern in China about gaming addiction among children. Government reports in 2018 found that about one in 10 Chinese children were addicted to the Internet. The new rules are part of a

29、n effort to prevent young people from spending too much time on unhealthy entertainment. That includes what officials call the irrational fan culture”.Under the new rules, the responsibility for making sure children play only three hours a day as largely on Chinese gaming companies like NetEase and

30、Tencent. Companies have set up real-name registration systems to prevent young users from going past game time limits. They have used facial recognition technology to check their identities. And they have also set up a program that permits people to report what is against the law. It is unclear what

31、 punishments gaming companies may face if they do not carry out the policies. And even if such policies are performed, it is also unclear whether they can prevent online addiction.A specialist treating internet addiction expects about 20 percent of children will find ways to break the rules by borro

32、wing accounts of their older relatives and find a way around facial recognition. In his opinion, short-video apps such as Douyin and TikTok are also very popular in China. They are not under the same restrictions as games. 19. When can children play games according to the new rules?A. Between 8 p.m.

33、 and 9 p.m on Friday.B. Between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m on Tuesday.C. Between 10 p.m.and 11 p.m. on Saturday.D. Between 10 p.m. and 11 p.m. on Thursday.20. According to experts,.A. the new rules can stop childrens addiction to social mediacompanies are more responsible for kids* obeying the rulesB. the new

34、 rules will help prevent children playing online gamesparents play a greater part in limiting the time of online games21. What will children probably do to battle with the new rules?A. Design an advanced program.B. Use facial recognition systems.C. Set up real-name registration systems. D. Borrow ac

35、counts of their older relatives.22. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. Rules Limiting Short-video Apps.B. Rules Limiting Video Game Time.C. Rules Banning Irrational Fan Culture.D. Rules Breaking Addition to Social Media.【答案】ADDB【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了中国出台新规，限制儿童玩网络游戏的时间，介绍了制定这 一

36、新规的原因以及限制孩子使用手机时长仍然面临的问题。19 .细节理解题。根据第一段中“The rules it children to just three hours of online game playing a week. That is one hour between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Friday, Saturday and Sunday most weeks.（规贝ij规定孩子们每周只能玩三 个小时的网络游戏。即周五、周六和周日晚上8点到9点之间的一个小时户可知，根据新规定，孩子们星期 五晚上8点到9点之间可以玩游戏。应选A。20 .细节理解题。根据第二段

37、中“In the end, experts say, parents should be the ones to set limits and support good practices.（最后，专家说，父母应该是设定限制和支持好的做法的人）”可知，据专家介绍，父母在限制玩网络 游戏的时间上起着很大的作用。应选D。21 .细节理解题。根据最后一段中A specialist treating internet addiction expects about 20 percent of children will find ways to break the rules by borrowing

38、 accounts of their older relatives and find a way around facial recognition.（一位治疗网瘾的专家预计，大约20%的儿童会通过借用长辈的账户来打破规那么，并找到面部识 别的方法）“可知，孩子们可能会借他们年长亲戚的账户来对抗新规定。应选D。22 .细节理解题。根据第段“China has set new rules limiting the amount of time children can play online games. The rules it children to just three hours of

39、 online game playing a week. That is one hour between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Friday, Saturday and Sunday most weeks.（中国出台新规，限制儿童玩网络游戏的时间。规那么规定孩子们每 周只能玩三个小时的网络游戏。即周五、周六和周日晚上8点到9点之间的一个小时广结合文章主要说明了 中国出台新规，限制儿童玩网络游戏的时间，介绍了制定这一新规的原因以及限制孩子使用手机时长仍然 面临的问题。可知，B选项“限制电子游戏时间的规定”最符合文章标题。应选B。7The Olympics and COVID

40、-19 were never going to coexist. The basic rule when it comes to controlling an infectious disease is to limit the contact people have with one another. Yet the two- week long competition, which begins on July 23 in Tokyo, is to invite the world to meet, greet and take part in friendly and often soc

41、ially not so distant 一 contests.An estimated 70,000 athletes, coaches, staff, officials and media will be marching in Tokyo from July to August for the Olympics at a time when infections in the city are rising again. On July 8, the government declared a fourth COVID-19 state of emergency in Tokyo, w

42、hich will extend through the end of the Games.New cases of COVID-19 existing in any of the Olympic visitors could not only disrupt（扰乱）the Games but also forever fade this years Olympics as an exercise in a global pandemic（大流行病）that has claimed the lives of 4 million people.Olympic organizers are wor

43、king desperately to prevent that from happening. After consulting with infectious-disease experts, Tokyo 2020 officials have created guidelines for everyone who will be traveling to Japan for the Olympics. Many of the measures are familiar: frequent testing, mask orders and social-distancing procedu

44、res.The strategy is also realistic. While it might not be possible to prevent the virus from entering secretly the Olympic community, measures are taken to try to avoid it. Infections will happen. The challenge lies in minimizing the risk of those infections and the influence they might have一on not

45、just the Games but also the Japanese public and, finally, the world at large when Olympic delegations弋表团）return home.23. What is the basic principle of controlling an epidemic?A. To prevent people from communicating with each other.B. To keep people from participating in activities.C. To limit the c

46、ontact people have with each other.D. To stop people from chatting online.24. What does the underlined word thaf, refer to?A. The spreading of virus caused by new cases of COVID-19.B. The treatment of new cases of COVID-19.C. The possible threat brought by new cases of COVID-19.D. The decrease of ne

47、w cases of COVID-19.25. Which word best describes the authors attitude to the measures for Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games?A. Skeptical.B. ConservativeC. Objective.D. Negative.26. From which is the text probably taken?A. A travel brochureB. A biology textbook.C. A research paper.D. A news magazine.【答案】CACD

48、【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要讲述为了顺利举办东京奥运会所采取的一系列防止疫情发生的措施。23 .细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The basic rule when it comes to controlling an infectious disease is to limit the contact people have with one anothery （控制传染病的基本原那么是限制人们之间的接触。）可知，控制疫情的 基本原那么就是限制人们之间的交流。应选C项。24 .词句猜想题。that在文中作指代作用时、一般指代上文所述内容。根据上一段“New cases of COVID-19

49、existing in any of the Olympic visitors could not only disrupt（扰舌L） the Games but also forever fade this years Olympics as an exercise in a global pandemic（大流行病）that has claimed the lives of 4 million people. （任 何一个奥运游客出现新冠疫情新病例不仅会扰乱今年奥运会，而且也会永远弱化今年的奥运会作为在这场 夺去了 400万人的生命全球大流行病中的演练作用。）可知，that在此处指代新冠疫情在奥运期间的大流行。 应选A项