专题09 定语从句第9讲 -定语从句---2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（练）（含答案解析）.docx

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1、第9讲-定语从句（练）时间：50分钟满分：50分姓名 得数1 .单句语法填空（每个1分，共15分）2021 浙江 1 月Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication they deliberatelysent a message to another group member.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。她说，只有人类和黑猩猩有一个交流系统，他们故意向其他成员发送信息。此处a system of communication是先行词，其在定语从句中作地点状语（in the system）。故填where

2、。1. 2020海南卷The humidity （湿气）of large rainforests contributes to the formation of rainclouds maytravel to other countries in need of rain.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。巨大雨林的湿气导致雨云的形成，雨云可能会飘到需要雨的其他国家。此处rainclouds 是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语。故填that/which.2. 2019上海卷Interestingly, it is on the same beach they were born t

3、hat the females lay their eggs.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。有趣的是，雌性产卵在它们出生的同一个海滩上。此处the same beach是先行词， 其在后面的定语从句they were born中作地点状语。故填whereo 2021 吉林省长春市普通高中高三质量检测His most popular video,shows him making a fantastic wooden arch bridge, rose to fame on the platform, gaining more than 42 million views.【答案】whic

4、h【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。他最受欢迎的视频是展示他在制作一座奇妙的木拱桥的视频，该视频在 该平台上一举成名，获得了超过4200万次的点击量。此处先行词是his most popular video,指物，在从句中 作主语，因此用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。3. 2021 云贵川桂四省高三上学期联考People first noticed coral bleaching events in the I980s.The problem worsened in 2016, when an El Nino weather pattern,causes warmer water

5、s in the Pacific Ocean, mixed with an already unseasonably warm ocean and killed off a third of the corals on the Great Barrier Reef.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。当额尔尼娜天气导致太平洋水域升温时，混合已经无季节的温暖海洋杀死了大堡 礁三分之一的珊瑚。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为pattern,在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们大学有将近一百名外国学生，大部分来自美国和澳大利亚。分析句子。 逗号及之后内容为非限制

6、性定语从句，先行词为foreign students,结合设空前介词。f,可知，先行词在从句 中作介词的宾语、根据“介词+关系代词”的用法，先行词指人时关系代词用whom,故选C。HI.【过关练】高考真题（每个1分，共10分）.【2020全国新课标 HI】 In ancient China lived an artist, 61 paintings were almost lifelike.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 artist,且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。1 .1202

7、0全国新课标 I Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 . it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在 这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是

8、a spot,关系词替代先 行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。3 .【2020全国新高考 I 山东卷】The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum 39. opened in 1759.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意:例如，汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了 1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心 藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum,关系词在从

9、句中做主语，应使用关系代词 which/that 引导。故填 which/thato.【2019新课标 II 卷语法填空】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,62 she opened with her late husband Les.【答案】where【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop,在非限制性定语从句中作opened 一词的宾语，故用whicho.【2019新课标 III 卷语法填空】They were well trai

10、ned by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。 先行词为masters （主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。5 .【2019浙江卷语法填空】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth58 gives off light in the dark.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行

11、词是cloth,指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用 that 或 which 引导。故填 that/whicho.【2019北京卷语法填空】The students benefitting most from college are those 9 are totally engaged（参 与）in academic life.【答案】who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。3 are totally engaged（参与）in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those,空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或 th

12、ato.【2018全国 I】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 201466 showed a merefive to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.【答案】that which【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处astudy是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。6 .【2018全国 II The Chinese Ministr

13、y of Agriculture finds that between 2005一when the government started a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后 面的句子。指物用that/which,故填that或者whi

14、cho. 12018浙江卷】Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.【答案】who/that【解析】考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词 who/that 引导，故填 who/thato6. 2021 云南师范大学附属中学高考适应性月考（三）Yu the Great was an admired ruler in ancient

15、 China, was famous for controlling floods, his governance of the Xia Dynasty, and his moral character.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。大禹是中国古代一位受人尊敬的统治者，他以治水、治理夏朝以及他的道德品质 而闻名。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Yu the Great,且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代 词who, that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填whoo2021四川省南充高中高三第二次月考In the past four years, local education dep

16、artments have trained about 40,000 football teachers, 8,000 of have obtained coaching certificates.【答案】whom【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。在过去的四年里，当地教育部门培训了大约四万足球老师，其中八千老 师已经获得辅导证书。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词是teachers,指人，非限制性定语从句中介词。f 后要用关系代词whom,故填whomo2021 届江苏省南京市高三学情调研】He then handed Todd a large bag, inside 43. were clean

17、shirts and shorts, plus a brand-new pair of New Balance sneakers. Todd was blown away.nI was very happy.1 he told WTN-TV. Shocked, completely:【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：然后他递给托德一个大袋子，里面有干净的衬衫和短裤，还有一双 崭新的纽巴伦运动鞋。分析句子结构，inside were clean shirts and shorts.是定语从句，先行词a largebag,指物，因此用“介词因side+which”引导定语从句。故

18、填which。7. 2021 届江苏省第一次百校联考】Instead, as The Conversation notes, they hang out in the relative safety of trees,41.also happen to double as their storerooms.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：相反，正如谈话中提到的，它们会在相对安全的树木中闲逛，而这些树木 恰好也是它们的储藏室。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词trees,且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故 用关系代词which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。8. 2

19、021 届江苏省扬州市高三上学期期初调研】In June, Chinas last satellite of its Bei Dou Navigation Satellite System(BDS)was launched into orbit, marking the completion of the whole system. In ancient China, people used the Big Dipper,36. is known in Chinese as beidou qixing, to navigate.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在中国古代，

20、人们用北斗七星来导航。空格前的句子以逗号结尾，且空格所在的句子对前面句进行补充说明，则空格所在的句子是一个非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语， 先行词是the Big Dipper,指物，故填关系代词whicho【江苏省无锡市第一中学20202021学年高三上学期开学考试】A split could also stunt（扼杀）the future development of the app,49 popularity has been fuelled by ByteDance algorithms, honed（进化）in developing Douyin and Toutiao.【答案】w

21、hose【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，句中包含定语从句，先行词是app,在定语从句中作popularity的 定语，故填关系代词whose。9. 2021届江苏省泰州中学高三上学期第一次月度检测】Thirdly, we must be able to read the language, and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences 14, are grammatically correct.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。句中先行词是sentences,在定语从

22、句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that。故 填 that/which o【江苏省盐城中学2020-2021学年高三上学期九月质量检测】For a business, there are all sorts of places50. colour comes into play. You might immediately think of branding elements such as the logo and business cards.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：对于一个企业来说，色彩可以在各种各样的地方发挥作用。设空处作连词 引导定语从句，先行词为plac

23、e,在从句中作状语，应使用关系副词where引导。故答案为where。10. 【江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三上学期第一次诊断测试】There are many idioms in English, quite a few of 56, come from the Bible.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：英语中有许多成语，其中不少出自圣经。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构 非限制性定语从句修饰先行词idioms,且作介词of的宾语，指物，故应用which。故填which。11. 【江苏省苏州市2020-2021学年高三学业质量阳光指标调研】The system will be

24、used in a hospital in Lanzhou, capital of Gansu, 37 is mainly devoted to treating cancer patients with the technology of heavy-ion accelerators.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：该系统将用于甘肃省省会兰州市的一家医院，该医院主要致力于 用重离子加速器技术治疗癌症患者。分析可知，_2 is mainly devoted to treating cancer patients with the technology of heavy-i

25、on accelerators应是之前名词a hospital的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语, 应用关系代词which引导。故填whicho【江苏省泰州市 2021 届高三上学期期中】The British doctor Benjamin Hobson, 38. came to China and published his book Treatise on Physiology in 1851, systematically planted the seed of western clinical medicine into the soil of the Chinese inte

26、llectual community, and posed a serious challenge to TCM.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：1851年，英国医生Benjamin Hobson出版生理学论，将西方临床医学的 种子系统地播撒进中国知识界的土壤，对中医提出了严峻的挑战。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引 导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Benjamin Hobson,指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系 代词who引导定语从句。故填whOoII.单项选择（每个1分，共25分）（2021 江苏高三） Opposite is St. Pauls Church,yo

27、u can hear some lovely music.A. whomB. whoseC. asD. where【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词。句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。根据句意 可知，设空处指代前文的St. Paus Church,所以设空所在句是一个定语从句，St. Paus Church是先行词； 分析定语从句成分可知，you作主语，hear作谓语，some lovely music作宾语，可知设空处作状语，所以此 处应用关系副词；先行词St. PauFs Church表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以此处应用表示地点的 关系副词where引导。

28、故选D项。1. （2021北京师范大学天津附属中学高三三模）Zhurong is the god of fire in ancient Chinese mythology, echoes with the Chinese name of the red planet, Huoxing.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：祝融是中国古代神话中的火神，与中国的红色星球“火星”名称相呼应。分析 句子可知，echoes with the Chinese name of the red planet, Huoxing为非限制性定语从句，修饰先

29、行 词Zhurong,设空处为关系代词，在从句中作主语，指事物，故选A。2. （2021 天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三其他模拟）There are a great number of attractions in Tianjin, I like the Ancient Cultural Street best.A. whichB. whereC. among them D. among which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：天津有很多景点，其中我最喜欢的是古文化街。分析可知，空处引导非限 制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词attractions,表示“在那些景点之中”，用介词among,

30、介词+关系代词引导 的定语从句，指物，只能用which,所以用among which引导。故选D项。3. （2021 天津耀华滨海学校高三三模）Communication technology has entered the 5G era,will surely bring great changes to our life.A. whenB. whatC. whichD. where【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：通信技术已经进入了 5G时代，这必将给我们的生活带来巨大的变化。此处 为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导。故选C。4. （202

31、1 天津耀华中学高三二模）After a 57-day h汰ing, the explorers finally reached a place,they believed was the South Pole.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. as【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：经过57天的徒步旅行，探险者们终于到达了一个地方，他们认为那就是南 极。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，they believed是插入语，且先行词为place,指物，所以应用关系代 词whicho故选Ao（2021 天津南开区高三二模）She lived in two rooms over a

32、 teashop,was convenient, since she could send for cakes if she had visitors.A. whereB. in whichC. whichD. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：她住在一家茶馆的两个房间里，这很方便，因为如果有客人，她可 以派人去买蛋糕。此处是非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，用关系代 词which。故选C项。5. （2021 天津河北区高三二模）Students should involve themselves in community activities t

33、hey cangain experience for growth.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. why【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：学生应该参与社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。在定语从句中 不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且先行词为activities,为抽象地点，所以应用关系副词where。故选B。6. （2021 天津红桥区高三二模）The audience,were students, enjoyed the performance.A. most of themB. most of whatC. most of whichD. most of whom【

34、答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：观众大部分是学生，他们喜欢这个演出。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句， 先行词是audience,指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用whom。故选D项。7. （2021 天津7可东区.高三二模）1 think youve got to the point a change is needed, otherwise youll fail.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. which【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我认为你已经到了需要改变的地步，否则你会失败的。分析可知，空处引 导定语从句，修饰的先行词为地点名词the point,且引导词在从句

35、中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where引 导。故选B项。8. （2021 天津高三二模）Senior family members, especially parents, should create an atmosphere children can be encouraged to pour out their heart happily.A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：家庭长辈，尤其是父母，应该营造一种氛围，鼓励孩子们快乐地倾诉心声。 分析可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词atmosphere,且关系词在从句中作地点状语

36、，所以用where引导。 故选B项。9. （2021 天津和平区高三二模）Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize,is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where【答案】C【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔奖，这被认为是一个人能获得的最高国际荣 誉之一。此处the Nobel Prize是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由which引 导。故选C。10.

37、 （2021 天津7可东区高三模）The graduates live in this society now,the government should encourage them to set up their own business.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：毕业生生活在这样的社会中，政府应该鼓励他们自己创业。分析句子结构 可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词society,在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选B。11. （2021 天津河北区高三一模）There are hundreds of

38、scenes in English novels characters walkthrough a landscape of fallen leaves, which mirrors their feelings.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在英国小说中，有数百个场景，人物在落叶中穿行，这反映了他们的感受。 根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，先行词为“scenes”，在从句中作地点状语，应 用关系副词where引导从句。故选B项。12. （2021 天津南开区.高三一模）I forgot the webs

39、ite I intended to add to my favorite. It can help melearn how to write English composition.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. on which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我忘了我打算添加到我的收藏夹的这个网站。它可以帮助我学习如 何写英语作文。此处是定语从句，先行词是the website,指物，在从句中作动词add的宾语，用关系代词 that或which引导。故选A项。13. （2021 天津高三一模）He often goes to school by bike,he

40、lps him keep fit.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他经常骑自行车上学，这有助于他保持健康。分析句子结构可知，空处需 用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是空前整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关 系代词which引导定语从句。故选B。14. （2021 天津南开中学高三月考）The Voice of China set up a big stage those people with a talent formusic could stand out and realize their dreams

41、.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. which【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国好声音搭建了一个巨大的舞台，让那些有音乐天赋的人脱颖而出，实 现他们的梦想。句中先行词为stage,在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故选B。15. （2021 天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学）Here are four experiments we have to finish before June 6th, two should be done in the wild.A. of whichB , whoseC. in whichD. that【答案】A【解析】考查定语

42、从句。句意：这里有4个实验需要在6月6日前完成，其中2个需要在野外完成。分析 句子结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词是four experiments,在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，还原定语从句 是:of four experiments two should be done in the wild.表示四个实验中的两个”,指物，故用关系代词whicho 故选Ao（2021 天津） At last we found a path leading to the top of the mountain,we saw a beautiful sunrise.A. in whereB. in whichC

43、. whichD. from where【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：最后我们找到了一条通往山顶的路，在那里我们看到了美丽的日出。分析 句子结构可知，空格后为定语从句，where代表the top of the mountain这个地方，from where=from the top of the mountain,需要注意的是which只能代表the mountain,故选Do（2021天津南开中学高三月考）1 place those photos taken with my friends I can see them every dayso that it could remin

44、d me of those beautiful days.A. whatB. thatC. whenD. where【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句。句意：我把和朋友一起拍的照片放在我每天都能看到的地方，这样我就能想起那 些美妙的日子。place sth.地点状语，此处的状语是从句形式，因此为地点状语从句，故选D。16. （2021黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高二开学考试）He has been busy with his work the whole day,has made his girlfriend unhappy.A. whichB. itC. thatD. what【答案】A【解析】考查

45、非限制性定语从句。句意：他整天忙于工作，这使他女朋友很不高兴。此处是非限制性定语 从句，先行词是句子He has been busy with his work the whole day,在从句中作主语，用关系代词which, that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选A项。17. （2021 天津高考真题）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands artists demonstrate theirskills and teach the visitors.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. when【答案】

46、A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾 表，故选关系副词，先行词stands在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。故选A。18. （2021-天津高考真题）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes wecan learn without repeating them.A. from which B. in whichC. with w

47、hom D. for whom【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：威廉哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避 免重复犯错。分析句子可知，past mistakes为现行词，we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句， 从句中谓语动词can learn可知,要从过去的错误中学习,leamfirom “从中学习”，可知应用from which引导定语从句。故选A。19. （2021 天津一中高三月考）He may have missed the train,he wont arrive in another hour.A. in wh

48、ich caseB. in that caseC. under which conditionD. on that occasion【答案】A【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他可能误了火车，如果那样的话，他再过一个小时就到不了了。in which case用于引导非限制性定语从句，相当于and in that case,意为“如果那样的话”,符合句意。故选A 项。20. （2021 天津市武清区杨村第一中学高三一模）Children, in my opinion,creative ability is unbelievably rich, should be trained in that area.A. whichB. whatC. whoD. whose【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在我看来，孩子们的创造能力丰富得令人难以置信，应该在这个领域进行 训练。A. which先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B. what引导名词性从句，在从句中作主语或宾 语；C. who先行词是人，在从句中