2022年翻译理论与实践考试试卷 .pdf

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1、1.Our son must go to school.He must break out of the pot that holds us in.误译：我们的儿子一定得上学,打破这个把我们关在里面的罐子。修改：我们的儿子一定得上学，一定要出人头地。2.This is a dangerous and violent city.In some parts of it,the only law is the law of the jungle.误译：这是一个危险的充满暴力的城市。在有些地方，唯一的原则就是丛林法则。修改：这是一个危险的充满暴力的城市。在有些地方，唯一的原则就是弱肉强食。3.When

2、 my ship comes in,Ill take a trip to Casablanca.误译：当我的船进港时，我就要到卡萨布兰卡去。应译为：当我发了财时，我就要到卡萨布兰卡去。4.They slip out one by one and I was left holding the baby.误译：他们一个个都跑掉了，剩下我来抱孩子。应译为：他们一个个都跑掉了，剩下我来干这倒霉的差事。这里“be left holding the baby”含义为“to find oneself responsible for doing something which someone else has

3、 started and left unfinished”，与汉语中“接下烂摊子”意思一致，“剩下我来干这倒霉的差事”表达了这层含义5.It noted that being overweight has been linked to sickness and death from such diseases as high blood pressure,diabetes,heart disease and gallbladder disease.译文：报告指出，过胖与疾病及诸如高血压、糖尿病、心脏病和胆囊疾病引起的死亡有关。修改：报告指出，肥胖会导致高血压、糖尿病、心脏病和胆囊等方面的疾病，

4、甚至造成死亡。6.Very little of our food,whether carbohydrate,fat or protein,is capable in its unaltered form of nourishing the body.译文：食物，不论是碳水化合物、脂肪或蛋白质，很少能以未经转化的状态营养身体。修改：食物中的各种成分，无论是碳水化合物、脂肪还是蛋白质，都是由极少部分能从未转化的形式向身体提供养料的。7.The study found that non-smoking wives of men who smoke cigarettes face a much gre

5、ater than normal danger of developing lung cancer.The more cigarettes smoked by the husband,the greater the threat faced by his non-smoking wife.译文 1：这项研究表明抽烟男子的不抽烟妻子罹患肺癌的危险比一般人大得多，丈夫抽烟越多，其不抽烟的妻子面临的威胁越大。译文 2：这项研究表明，妻子不抽烟而丈夫抽烟，妻子得肺癌的危险性比一般人大得多。丈夫抽烟越多，妻子受到的威胁也就越大。8.I had scarcely passed my twelfth bir

6、thday when I entered the inhospitable regions of examinations.译文：我进入令人头痛的考试区域时，刚过了十二岁生日。修改：我刚过了十二岁生日，就步入了令人头痛的阶段。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 5 页 -1.He laughs best who runs longest.谁跑到最后,谁笑得最好.(轮胎广告)2.In Miami,its no newelty.(a tour ads)游了迈阿密,才知天下奇.3.Some fishing boats were becalmed just in front

7、of us.Their shadows slept,or almost slept,upon the water,a gentle quivering alone showing that was not complete sleep or if sleep,that is was sleep with dream.眼前不远,渔舟三五,凝滞不前,樯影映在水上,仿佛睡去,偶尔微见颤动,似又未尝熟睡,恍若惊梦.4.Portia:And you must cut this flesh from off his breast:The law allows it,and the court awards

8、 it.Shylock:Most learned judge!A sentence!Come,prepare!(Excerpted from:Act IV,The Merchant of Venice,by William Shakespeare)鲍西娅:你必须从他的胸前割下这磅肉来;法律许可你,法庭判给你.夏洛克:博学多才的法官!判得好!来,预备!5.Grasp all,lose all.Version 1:如果你样样都要抓,就会一样都抓不到手.Version 2:样样抓,样样差.(贪多必失)6.It has been noted with concern that the stock of

9、 books in the library has been declining alarmingly.Students are requested to remind themselves of the rules of the borrowing and returning of books,and to bear in mind the needs of other students.Penalties for overdue book will in the future be strictly enforced.7.The number of books in the library

10、 has been going down.Please make sure you know the rules for borrowing,and dont forget that the library is for everyones convenience.So from now on,were going to enforce the rules strictly.You have been warned!Version for 6:查 本馆图书锐减,学生当不忘本馆书籍流通之规则及他人之需.逾期不归还者将受重罚.Version for 7:图书馆的书籍最近大量减少,请大家牢记借书的规

11、定,不要忘记图书馆是为了大家的方便.因此,从现在起,我们将严肃地执行规定.我们特作此警告!名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 5 页 -Exercise:Translate these terms or sentences of different writings.1.irrevocable letter of credit He insisted on an irrevocable letter of credit.2.loss leader Shops use loss leader to attract customers.3.fine food,most a

12、ttractive surroundings and a friendly disposition.4.If people keep telling you to quit smoking cigarettes,dont listen Theyre probably trying to trick you into living.5.More often,the heart disease process progresses silently until symptoms occur because the pump is not supplying blood insufficient q

13、uantity to other organs.6.In Rome,Onorius put an end to Gladiatorial combats in 404(possible after a monk had thrown himself into the arena in protest and was killed by the angry crowd.7.Clearly,when it comes to marriage,practicing beforehand doesnt make perfect.8.Peasants now sell vegetables at mov

14、ing prices determined by their supply and their customers demand.Key to Exercises.1.不可撤消信用证(指除非信用人同意,信用证不得撤消)他坚持只接受不可撤消信用证.2.(为招徕顾客而)亏本出售的商品商店用亏本出售某些商品的办法来吸引顾客.3.饭菜上乘,环境幽雅,服务一流.4.凡劝您戒烟的人,一概莫理-他们就想骗您再多活几年.5.更常见的是,这种心脏病在发作过程中并无症状,后来发生症状是因为心脏不能给其他器官供应充足的血液.6.公元 404 年,奥诺里斯宣布罗马取消剑士格斗(可能是由于一位修道士冲进竞技场以示抗议,

15、后被愤怒的人群杀死).7.显然,在婚姻问题上,婚前同居并不能令婚姻生活趋于完美.8.现在农民出售蔬菜,价格随行就市.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 5 页 -1.By 2020,Chinas GDP will have quadrupled from that of 2000,amounting approximately 4 trillion US dollars,with a per-capital level of some 3,000 US dollars.China will then witness a more developed economy a

16、nd a more democratic system with more advanced science and education as well as more prosperous culture.Thus the Chinese society will become more harmonious and the people will enjoy a more comfortable life.到 2020 年实现国内生产总值比2000 年翻两番，达到 40000 亿美元左右，人均国内生产总值达到3000 美元左右，使经济更加发展，民主更加健全，科教更加进步，文化更加繁荣，社会

17、更加和谐，人民生活更加殷实。To realize this goal,we will adopt a scientific approach to commanding the economic and social development.We will adhere to the p rinciple of putting the people first,always taking into consideration the fundamental interests of the broad masses,and endeavoring to satisfy their growin

18、g material and cultural needs so as to achieve the comprehensive development of man.2.为了实现这个目标，我们将坚持以科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局。我们将坚持以人为本，从最广大人民的根本利益出发，不断满足人民群众日益增长的物质文化需求，努力促进人的全面发展。Sudies serve for delight,for ornament,and for ability.Their chief use for delight,is in privateness and retiring;for ornament,is

19、 in discourse;and for ability,is in the judgment,and disposition of business.For expert men can execute,and perhaps judge of particulars,one by one;but the general counsels,and the plots and marshalling of affairs,come best,from those that are learned.To spend too much time in studies is sloth;to us

20、e them too much for ornament,is affectation;to make judgment wholly by their rules,is the humor of a scholar.They perfect nature,and are perfected by experience:for natural abilities are like natural plants,that need proyning,by study;and studies themselves,do give forth directions too much at large

21、,except they be bounded in by experience.读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 5 页 -Electrical energy can be st

22、ored in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium.We call such a device a capacitor,or a condenser,and its ability to store electrical energy capacitance.It is measured in farads.电能可储存在由一绝缘介质隔开的两块金属极板内。这样的装置称之为电容器，其储存电能的能力称为电容。电容的测量单位是法拉.Petrol is formed by ancient organisms.The dead bodies

23、 of the living beings in the sea sank to the bottom of the sea.They piled and were separated from the air.Germs decomposing the bodies,along with the high temperature and pressure,the bodies were decomposed and changed into petrol and natural gas.石油是由古代有机物演变而来。大量的海洋生物死亡后的遗体随着泥沙一起沉到海底，长年累月地一层层堆积起来，跟外界空气隔绝着，经过细菌的分解，以及地层内的高温、高压作用，生物遗体逐渐分解、转化成石油和天然气名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 5 页 -