高中英语名词性从句详细讲解精选PPT.ppt

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1、关于高中英语名词性从句详细讲解现在学习的是第1页，共39页 名词性从句 noun clause 主语从句subject clause 宾语从句object clause 表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句appositive clause现在学习的是第2页，共39页辨别下列名词性从句的类别：1.How the book will sell depends on its author.2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.3.The fact is that he has not been seen

2、recently.4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S.6.It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句宾语从句主语从句现在学习的是第3页，共39页That/wh-clause+v+主语从句S+be/link.v+that/wh-clause表语从句S+vt+that/wh-clause宾语从句S+

3、vi+prep+wh-clause宾语从句 现在学习的是第4页，共39页 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：when,where,how,why1。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义，中可省略2。不充当介3。引导主语从句、和同位语从句,that不可省略。4.that whether,if,as if,as though（以上在从句中均不充当任何 成分 现在学习的是第5页，共39页 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句

4、，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。例如：It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film.It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.现在学习的是第6页，共39页1.It+be+形容词 that从句It is necessary/important/obvious that2.It+be+-ed分词 that从句It is believed that 人们相信It is known t

5、o us all that.众所周知It has been decided that 已经决定3.It+be+名词 that从句It is common knowledge that 是常识It is a surprise that.令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是4.It+不及物动词 that从句It appears that 似乎It happens that.碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起现在学习的是第7页，共39页n另注意在主语从句中用来表示另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，等

6、语气时，谓语动词要用谓语动词要用 虚拟语气虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：，常用的句型有：nIt is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that nIt is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that 现在学习的是第8页，共39页 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语宾语表语，而that 则不然。例如：1)_you said yesterday is right.2)_she is still alive is a good thing.It is ri

7、ght what you said yesterday.It is a good thing that she is still alive.WhatThat2.what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别现在学习的是第9页，共39页 主语从句中的“主谓一致”：1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.That they will come _certain.2.What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.What he wants _these books.What he wants _some water.3.注意isareis现在学习的是第10页，共

8、39页n1_in the regulations that you should not tell other people the pass word of your e-mail account.(2005上海上海)n A.What is required B.What requiresn C It is required D.It requiresn2.The Foreign Minister said,“_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”(2006 北京北京)n A.This B.There is C.That

9、 is D.It isn3.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.(2004 上海上海)n A.where B.what C.that D.hown Exercises现在学习的是第11页，共39页 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。1.She did not know what had happened.2.Our success depends upon how well we can

10、cooperate with one another.3.I am afraid(that)Ive made a mistake.宾语从句(作动词的宾语)(作介词的宾语)(作形容词的宾语)现在学习的是第12页，共39页n注意注意1：在：在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist,desire,request,command,doubt等表示等表示要求、命令、建要求、命令、建议、决定议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形动词原形”。nI insist that she(should)do her work alon

11、e.我坚持要她自己工作。我坚持要她自己工作。nThe commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.司令员命令部队司令员命令部队马上出发。马上出发。现在学习的是第13页，共39页n2.用用whether或或if引导的宾语从句，引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与与if 在作在作“是否是否”的意思讲时在下列情况的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用下一般只能用whether，不用，不用if：na.引导引导主语从句主语从句并在并在句首句首时；

12、时；b.引导引导表语从句表语从句时；时；c.引导从句作引导从句作介词宾语介词宾语时；时；d.从句后有从句后有“or not”时；时；e.后后接接动词动词不定式不定式时。时。现在学习的是第14页，共39页nWhether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.nThe question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?nEverything depends on whether we have enough money.nI wonder whether

13、he will come or not.nCan you tell me whether to go or to stay?现在学习的是第15页，共39页3.宾语从句中的“时态呼应”与“否定转移”若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：He told me that he _ his job.(已经完成了工作)时态呼应否定转移我认为他不会来这里.I think he wont come here.()I dont t

14、hink he will come here.()had finished现在学习的是第16页，共39页4.宾语从句中用it作形式宾语We think it our duty that we should help others.注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。我发现他两天之内完成工作是不可能的.I find it impossible that he can finish the work in two days.现在学习的是第17页，共39页Exercises:“it”作形式主语或形式宾语：1.I hate _ when peopl

15、e talk with their mouths full A.it B.that C.these D.them 2.I feel _ strange that he should be so careless.A./B.it C.that D.how 3.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.Awhile B.that Cif Dfor 4 Will you see to _ that the luggage is brought back?A.weB.yourselfC.itD.them ABBC现在学习的是第18页，共39页 表

16、语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。另外，常用的还有the reason is that 和It is because 等结构。例如：1)The question is _ we can make good preparation in such a short time.2)This is _ we cant get the support of the people.3)But the fact remains _ we are behind the other clas

17、ses.4)The reason _ he is late for school is _ he missed the early bus.whether/howwhythatwhythat现在学习的是第19页，共39页1.同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：1)The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2)The order that all the soldiers should stay still is give

18、n by the general.2.同位语在句子中的位置 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.现在学习的是第20页，共39页n同位语从句和同位语从句和定语从句定语从句的区别：的区别：nthat作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，

19、一般不能省有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。略。nI had no idea that you were here（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）引导同位语从句，不能省略）nHave you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）现在学习的是第21页，共39页Exercises1.Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to learn

20、 from others.(2006 上海春季上海春季)A.which B.that C.when D.why2.Do you have any idea_ is actually going on in the classroom?(2005辽宁辽宁)A.that B.what c.as D.which3.There is a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is not ever.(2002上海上海)A.that B.which c.of which D.what4.Information has been put forward_ m

21、ore middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as现在学习的是第22页，共39页(1)They want to know _ do to help us.A.what can they B.what they can C.how they can D.how can they(2)Can you make sure _ the gold ring?A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice putC.where Alice has

22、put D.where has Alice put(3)Someone is ringing Mary.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it isBCI.语序问题考点归纳D归纳 在名词性从句中，除了在名词性从句中，除了关联词在从句之首关联词在从句之首外，其它外，其它部分部分应用应用_的语序的语序。陈述现在学习的是第23页，共39页II.用用if 或或whether 填空填空n1.I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.n2.I dont know _ or not Ill be free

23、 tomorrow.n3.The question is _ this book is worth writing.n4.It depends on _ we will have enough money.n5._ they can do it matters little to us.n6._ you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without youwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherIf a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后面的宾语从句只能用_，不能用if；b.后面紧跟 or not 时,用_.归纳whether

24、whether现在学习的是第24页，共39页III.that 与whether/if 的选择：(1)_ knowledge comes from practice is known to all.WhatB.WhereC.If D.That(2)It makes no difference _ our sports meet will be held this week or next week.A.thatB.eitherC.whetherD.when(3)I doubt _ he will come soon.(4)I do not doubt _ he will come soon.(5

25、)Do you doubt _ he will come soon?whether/ifthatthat 表示是否时用_,表示肯定时用_归纳whether/ifthat现在学习的是第25页，共39页1._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind.2._ the earth is round is known to us all.3._ he won the race was _ we expected.that:what:_只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，没有词义_起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语，表示“所的”。That

26、WhatThatwhat归纳.that，what引导名词性从句的区别现在学习的是第26页，共39页.what&whatever who&whoever which&whichever 引导名词性从句的区别1._ is worth doing is worth doing well.2._we need is more time.3._ made the long distance call to him is not important.4._ breaks the law will be punished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoevern _等引导的名词性从句等引导的名词性从句

27、不含有疑不含有疑问意义问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而n_等引导的名词性从句都等引导的名词性从句都含有含有疑问意义疑问意义。Whoever,whateverWho,what 现在学习的是第27页，共39页1.Its generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.which B.thatC.whatever D.all what2.These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them.which

28、 B.thatC.whatever D.all what3._ kills,sells or eats wild animals or birds,is to blame.AnyoneB.Anyone who C.Those whoD.ThoseExercises现在学习的是第28页，共39页.名词性从句中的虚拟语气：He suggested that a meeting(should)be held immediately.It was suggested that a meeting(should)be held immediately.His suggestion was that a

29、meeting(should)be held immediately.He made a suggestion that a meeting(should)be held immediately.表示建议,请求,命令,要求,坚持等的名词性从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气.归纳现在学习的是第29页，共39页2.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇,不相信,惋惜,理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气(should)+do,常用句型有 1)It is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc)that 2)It is a pity(a shame,no wonder etc,)that

30、e.g.It is strange that she(should)think so.现在学习的是第30页，共39页试区分以下句子Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the fact that they were talking about?注意：1.如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。2.定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明前面名词的具体内容。(同从)(定从)拓展现在学习的是第31页，共39页 高考再现1.(NMET 1995)is

31、a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It2.(NMET 1996)we cant get seems better than we have.A.What,what B.What,that C.That,thatD.That,what3.(NMET 2001春)I read about it in some book or other,does it matter it was?A.where B.what C.how D.which4.(NMET

32、1997)Its generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever5.(NMET 1999)I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.whereDADBA现在学习的是第32页，共39页现在学习的是第33页，共39页1.The question is _the film is worth

33、 seeing.A.if B.what C.whether D.how 2.They received orders _ the work be done at once.A.which B.when C./D.that 3.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.A.why;why B.why;because C.why;that D.that;becauseConsolidation:现在学习的是第34页，共39页4._ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her min

34、d.A.What;why B.Which;how C.That;why D.What;because5._ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.A.That B.Whether C.If D.Even if6.It is known to us _ where there is pollution,there is harm.A.which B.where C.what D.that现在学习的是第35页，共39页7.I have the information _.A.of what hell come soon

35、B.that hell come soon C.of that hell come soon D.his coming soon8.-I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.-_ it made me nearly mad.A.That he broke B.What he broke C.He broke D.His break现在学习的是第36页，共39页9.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A.how B.tha

36、t C.when D.what10.-Can I help you?-Yes,do you know _?A.when comes the bus B.when will come the bus C.when does the bus come D.when the bus comes现在学习的是第37页，共39页11.He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.A.that B.if C.what D.that if12.They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall.A.what;that B.it;that C.what;when D.which;what现在学习的是第38页，共39页感谢大家观看现在学习的是第39页，共39页