高中英语语法之非谓语动词精选PPT.ppt

《高中英语语法之非谓语动词精选PPT.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语语法之非谓语动词精选PPT.ppt（23页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、关于高中英语语法之非谓语动词现在学习的是第1页，共23页 动词的非谓语的三种形式：不定式（to do）动名词（v-ing）分词 (v-ed,v-ing)现在学习的是第2页，共23页 不定式不定式:It is hard for me to do the work.to do the work.作主语 He wants to speak at the meeting.to speak at the meeting.作宾语 I have a lot of work to doto do.作定语 He asked me to finish it in timeo finish it in time.作

2、宾补现在学习的是第3页，共23页 My job is to help the patientto help the patient.作表语 He is too young to go to school.to go to school.作结果状语 We were surprised to find him thereo find him there.作原因状语 He spoke loudly to make herself heard.to make herself heard.作目的状语 He went to his home,only to find he waonly to find h

3、e was out.s out.出乎意料的结果 现在学习的是第4页，共23页特点特点:1）不定式短语做主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语，（例1）2）不定式作宾语，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾补之后，而用it作形式宾语，请看下句：I find it it interesting to study English.to study English.3)不定式作宾补，在feel,hear,listen to,look to,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语，不定式不带to,但这些句子变成被动结构就必须带to.现在学习

4、的是第5页，共23页动动名名词词 1）Collecting information(收集信息）is very important to businessmen.作主语 2)It is no use arguing with him.(与他争论）作主语 3）She finished reading the book(看完这本书）yesterday.作宾语 4)He has a reading room.(书房）作定语现在学习的是第6页，共23页1.在it is no use/good,no any use/good,useless等后须用动名词作主语，泛指抽象动作.2 在finish,mind,

5、enjoy,pactise,avoid,imagine,consider,feel like,keep,prevent,risk,suggest 等词后，一定用动词的ing形式。3.在forget,go on,like,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等动词可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，请看下列句型：现在学习的是第7页，共23页1）我记得读过这本书.I remember reading the book.(指过去的动作）I must remember to read the book.(指将来的动作）2）我要设法提高我的英语口语。Ill try to im

6、prove my spoken English.敲门没人答应，试着敲后门。Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door.3)不要讲话。Stop talking.他停下来讲话。He stopped to talk.4)我没打算伤害你。I didnt mean to hurt you.错过这班车意味着再等一个小时。Missing the train means waiting for another hour.现在学习的是第8页，共23页动动名名词词和不定式和不定式结构结构在意在意义义上上区别区别：动名词形式

7、表示一般习惯，抽象概念，或已成过去的动作，不定式表示的往往是具体的或特定的动作，也可表示现在或将来的动作。Playing with firePlaying with fire is dangerous.（泛指玩火）To play with fireTo play with fire will be dangerous.(指一次具体动作）Its no use crying over crying over spilt milk.（抽象动作）He realized that to go on like thisto go on like this was no use.（具体动作）He has f

8、orgotten seeing meseeing me before.（已成过去的动作）I must remember to remindto remind John that the garden needs watering（将来的动作）现在学习的是第9页，共23页分分词词：现现在分在分词词 和和 过过去分去分词词 1 1分分词词的的时态时态和和语态语态。现现在分在分词词：1）有一般式和完成时，一般式即主句和从句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。2）完成时（having+过去分词）表示的动作在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。When he was a student,he was inter

9、ested in books.Being a student,he was interested in books.After he had donehad done his homework,he went to bed.Having done his homework,he went to bed.现在学习的是第10页，共23页 3)当句子的主语是分词动作的承受者时，分词用被动语态，如果要强调分词的动作先于谓语动作，就用动词完成时的被动形式。The question which is being discussed is important.The question being discu

10、ssed is important.As he had been criticized by the teacher,Li Ming gave up smoking.Having been criticized by the teacher,Li Ming gave up smoking.现在学习的是第11页，共23页 过过去分去分词词：过去分词表示在谓语动词之前发生的动作，本身有被动的含义，所以只有一般式，没有完成式。现在学习的是第12页，共23页2 2.分分词词的用法：的用法：1.作定语：站在窗旁的那个男人是我们的老师。The man standing at the window is o

11、ur teacher.被污染的空气河水对人体有害。Polluted air and water are harmful to peoples health.请注意：如果现在分词作定语时，表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生。如果两个动词有先后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而用定语从句。The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window.现在学习的是第13页，共23页2.作状语:1)While he was reading the book,he nodded from time to time.While re

12、ading the book,he nodded from time to time.2)Since I am a student,I must study hard.Being a student,I must study hard.As we were not satisfied with the result,we decided to do the experiment again.Not satisfied with the result,we decided to do the experiment again.3)If time permits,I will finish ano

13、ther lesson.Time permitting,I will finish another lesson.If he is allowed,he would eat all the food in the house.If allowed,he would eat all the food in the house.4)The students went out of the classroom,talking and laughing.（说说笑笑）He entered the room,followed by his girlfriend(后面跟着女朋友）现在学习的是第14页，共23

14、页3.作宾补:We saw the teacher making the experiment.（做实验）Ive never heard the song sung in English.(用英语唱）4.作表语：The news is inspiring（令人鼓舞）He is surprised.(他很吃惊)现在学习的是第15页，共23页特点：1.分词短语作状语,其逻辑主语须与句子的主语一致.2.表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while 或when 引导。3.有时“with(without)+名词（或代词宾格）+分词的结构表示伴随状况的独立主格结构。eg.1)With his homewo

15、rk finished ahead of time,he began to play computer.2)He fell asleep with the lamp burning.现在学习的是第16页，共23页4.分词短语作状语时，若句子主语不是它的逻辑主语（即两边主语不一致）通常在它前面加上它的主语，构成独立主格结构。All my money stolen,I had to walk without buying anything.Time permitting,（时间允许的话）I will finish another lesson主语宾语表语定语状语宾语补足语动名词分词不定式现在学习的

16、是第17页，共23页 1.1.They would not allow him_A_ across the enemy line.A.to risk going B.risking to go C.for risk to go D.risk going ask,tell,invite,force,get,beg,allow,help,wish want,like,hate,prefer,expect,encourage,advise,persuade,instruct,permit,request,order,warn.cause,urge等等动词后可接不定式作宾补。现在学习的是第18页，共2

17、3页 2 2.Though he had often made his little sister _A_,today he was made_by his little sister.A.cry,to cry B.crying,crying C.cry,cry D.to cry,cry 使役动词 make,let只接不带to的不定式作宾补。Let me do it for you.现在学习的是第19页，共23页 1313.Who did the teacher have_C_an article for the wall newspaper just now?A.written B.writ

18、ing C.write D.to write 注意这一结构的活用。I saw the bike being repaired.I saw the bike repaired.We often heard the song being sung.现在学习的是第20页，共23页 1414.In order to improve English,_.A.Jennys father bought her a lot of tapes B.Jenny bought a lot of tapes for herself C.a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny.D.a l

19、ot of tapes were bought by Jennys father 不定式作状语，其逻辑主语 通常是句子的主语 现在学习的是第21页，共23页 1818.I dont mind _C_by bus,but I hate _in queues.A.traveling;stand B.to travel;to stand C.traveling;to stand D.traveling;to standing 19.19.-When did you go to Shanghai?-I remember _B_there when I was a child.A.having taken B.having been taken C.to be taken D.taken 2020.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed_C_.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch现在学习的是第22页，共23页感谢大家观看感谢大家观看现在学习的是第23页，共23页