2022年英文翻译资料原文及译文终稿 .pdf

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1、The Architecture of the MySQL 班级：10网工1 学号：1004031010 姓名：汪青松指导老师签字：Mysql s architecture is best understood in the context of its history.Mysql history goes back to 1979 when Monty Widenius,working for a small company called TCX,created a reporting tool written in BASIC that ran on a 4 MHZ computer wi

2、th 16 KB RAM.Over time,the tool was rewritten in C and ported to run on Unix.It was still just a low-level storage engine with a reporting front end.The tool was known by the name of Uniseg.Working under the adverse conditions of little computational resources,and perhaps building on his God-given t

3、alent,Monty developed a habit and ability to write very efficient code naturally.He also developed,or perhaps was gifted from the start,with an unusually acute vision of what needed to be done to the code to make it useful in future developmentwithout knowing in advance much detail about what that f

4、uture development would be.In addition to the above,with TCX being a very small company and Monty being one of the owners,he had a lot of say in what happened to his code.While there are perhaps a good number of programmers out there with Montys talent and ability,for a number of reasons,few get to

5、carry their code around for more than 20 years.Monty did.Montys work,talents,and ownership of the code provided a foundation upon which the Miracle of MySQL could be built.Some times in the 1990s,TCX customers began to push for an SQL interface to their data.Several possibilities were considered.One

6、 was to load it into a commercial database.Monty was not satisfied with the speed.He tried borrowing mysql code for the SQL part and integrating it with his low-level storage engine.That did not work well either.Then came the classic move of a talented driven programmer:I ve had enough of those tool

7、s that somebody else wrote that dont work!Im writing my own!Thus in May of 1996 MySQL version 1.0 was released to a limited group,followed by a public release in October 1996 of version 3.11.1.The initial public release provided only a binary distribution for Solaris.A month later,the source and the

8、 Linux binary were released.In the next two years,MySQL was ported to a number of other operating systems as the 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 11 页 -feature set gradually increased.MySQL was originally released under a special license that allowed commercial use to those who were not redistributing

9、 it with their software.Special licenses were available for sale to those who wanted to bundle it with their product.Additionally,commercial support was also being sold.However,it still lacked support for transactions subquery foreign keys,stored procedures,and views.The locking happened only at a t

10、able level,which in some cases could slow it down to a grinding halt.Some programmers unable to get around its limitations still considered it a toy,while others were more than happy to dump their Oracle or SQL Server in favor of MySQL,and deal with the limitations in their code in exchange for impr

11、ovement in performance and licensing cost savings.Around 1999 2000 a separate company named MySQL AB was established.It hired several developers and established a partnership with Sleepy cat to provide an SQL interface for the Berkeley DB data files.Since Berkeley DB had transaction capabilities,thi

12、s would give MySQL support for transactions,which it previously lacked.After some changes in the code in preparation for integrating Berkeley DB,version 3.23 was released.source became equipped with hooks to add any type of storage engine,including a transactional one.By April of 2000,with some enco

13、uragement and sponsorship from Slashdot,masterslave replication capability was added.The old no transactional storage engine,ISAM,was reworked and released as My ISAM.Among a number of improvements,full-text search capabilities were now supported.A short-lived partnership with Nu Sphere to add Gemin

14、i,a transactional engine with row-level locking,ended in a lawsuit toward the end of 2001.However,around the same time,Heikki Tuuri approached MySQL AB with a proposal to integrate his own storage engine,InnoDB,which was also capable of transactions and row-level locking.Heikki s contribution integr

15、ated much more smoothly with the new table handler interface already polished off by the Berkeley DB integration efforts.The MySQL/InnoDB combination became version 4.0,and was released as alpha in October of 2001.By early 2002 the MySQL/InnoDB combo was stable and instantly took MySQL to another le

16、vel.Version 4.0 was finally declared production stable in March 2003.In April 2000,with some comes from Slashdots encouragement and sponsorship,increase the ability of master slave copy.The old the things storage engines,shameless sad men of obscene nets.Learn,nets always copy six|d,theory-the nets,

17、we no longer provide complete 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 11 页 -content.And In no DB group gradually stability,make MySQL arrived at another level.In March 2003 announced formally entered the stable production version 4.0.Version of the upgrade is it but not because In no DB supplement the cause

18、of the results.The developers have thought that MySQL In no DB is very important complement,but do not mean that is completely dependent on it and lead to success.At that time,even now,a new storage engines as a supplement would not change one version of the celebration.In fact,compared with the pas

19、t version,4.0 version not much added.Perhaps the most important supplement is increased cache lookup,this make lots of code running performances are being greatly enhanced.The code duplication and rewrite the use of two thread:one is to host to the network I/O,and the other is a deal with updated.An

20、d add some improved optimization.Client/server agreement be SSL ability.In March 2003,named for the alpha 4.1 release,and announced in June 2004 to the test.Different in version 4.0,it increases the many significant improvement.Perhaps the most important son inquires is,by many users a long-awaited

21、function.The index function space directly has been increased to MySQL storage engines.The implementation of the support Unicode.Client/server agreement is getting a lot of change.It more resistant to the outside of the attack,and support to write report.In alpha4.1 release at the same time,another

22、development branch in development still work:version 5.0,it increases the storage process,the server cursor,flip-flops,trying to,XA things,query optimizer have great improvement,and there is a lot of new features.Because the developers feel if MySQL if all the latest top function to join to version

23、4.1 will take a long time to stability,and they have to handle storage process,and decided to set up a separate development branch.Finally in the December 2003 alpha5.0 version released.For a while,because the alpha formed two branches caused great confusion.Having working experience when version 4.

24、1 in October 2004 to achieve stability,chaos also solved.A year later,in October 2005 version 5.0 to a stable.Then in November 2005 the first alpha5.1 releases,it increased a lot of improvement,including the table data partition,based on done copy,event schedule,and standardization of the API plug-i

25、ns,this is helpful to other plug in and the integration of new storage engines.At this point,MySQL are positive development.5.0 is the most stable version,although 5.1 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 11 页 -is a beta,but should quickly can achieve stability.The new function will be introduced to versi

26、on 5.2.MySQL framework,and for most,the structure of the MySQL different from formal definition and norms.In the original code,not to become part of the system,but in order to solve some very specific questions.The core module:connection manager,thread management,thread connection,user identity auth

27、entication module,access control module,the parser,scheduling,inquires the cache module,optimization,table manager,table transformation module,table maintenance module,a status report module,led by analysis storage interface(standard procedures),storage engines achieve(My ISAM,In no DB,MEMORY,Berkel

28、ey DB),log records module,copy the main module,copy from the module,the client/server API,low level of agreement network I/O API,core API.The core function module,when the server in the command line next start operation,the initial module to control.It analytical configuration files and command line

29、 parameters,allocation of global memory buffer,the initial global variable and structure,load access control list,and performing other initialization tasks.Thread connection can create new,or from the thread cache and retrieval requirements of extracting old.Once the thread connection accept control

30、,it first call user identity authentication module.In the users identity information after verification,the client can request.Thread connection will request the data transmission to command scheduling.Some requirements in terms of MySQL code called command,can through the command scheduling run dir

31、ectly,but some of the more complex the need in the other modules.A typical commands can be required server and the query,change activities database,the report states,send continuously updated copy games,close the connection or perform some other operations.In MySQL server terms,there are two types o

32、f customer request statement:query and command.Through analysis of any enquiry is request.Command is a call of requests to perform without parser.We will use the internal range of long-term inquires MySQL.Therefore,it is not only a choice,and also have to delete and inserted in our terms just call i

33、nquires the.Sometimes we will also query called the SQL statement.If the opening of complete log records inquires the command of electricity management requirements log records module access or command call pure text.Thus,in the whole of the 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 11 页 -query log configurati

34、on requirements will be shameless sadness mean of the men nets.Learn,nets always copy six|d,theory-the nets,we no longer provide complete content.,the executive in this short circuit,the cache results returned to the user,thread connection accept control,and prepare to another order process.If inqui

35、res the cache module report out a mistake,a inquires to analyzer relay,it will be the basis of inquires on how to transfer control to decide.People can identify the following module,can continue to from that point:optimizer,table modify module,table maintenance module,copy module and a status report

36、 module.Choose queries to optimization,update,insert,and delete and table to create and mode,change to their table transformation inquiry module,inquires the,checking,maintenance,update the important statistical data,or ZhengLiBiao to table maintenance module;Inquires concerned copied to copy module

37、;And the position of the request turned to a status report module.There are also a number of table transformation module:delete module,establish a module,update module.At this point,this module will receive from the parser control each relay in inquires involves access control list module list,and t

38、hen,after the success,to the table manager,open the table and obtain the necessary lock.Now watch operation module is ready to perform its task,and will release quantity requirement of abstract storage engine modules of the low level such as insert or record update operation,retrieval based on recor

39、d key value,or watch on the operation of the executive level,such as repair,or update the index statistical information.Abstract storage engine module will automatically switch to call the concrete method of storage engines,through the corresponding module object polymorphism.In other words,when a s

40、torage engine object,the caller think it in dealing with an abstract,but in fact the more concrete object types are:it storage engine object is corresponding to the given phenotype.The interface is a virtual method,it created a transparent effect.The correct method will be calls,call party of no nee

41、d to know exactly the type of object storage engines object.When inquires is processed or order,after the corresponding module will be a part of the result set to the statement because they are available.It can also send a warning or false information.If the error message has been made,the client an

42、d server know,inquires the or command failed,and take appropriate measures.The client will not accept any more is given query result set,warning or false information data,the server will always control transfer after connected to thread sent a mistake.Note,for not using MySQL exception implementatio

43、n 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 11 页 -stability and portability,in all levels of all the requirements of reason,must check and control fault is under the condition of appropriate transmission error.If low levels of module in some way more data have been modified,and if the binary renew log is enabl

44、ed,module will be responsible for record recorded update module will be required of the events of the binary renew log,sometimes called copy logs,or,in the main users and developers MySQL,bin log.Once after completion,executive process returns to the links,it carries out the necessary cleaning and t

45、o the other inquires from client or waiting for the order.The meeting continue until the client from a command.In addition to the regular customer interaction,a server may receive a command from copying slaves of continuous read binary renew log.This command will copy stompers processing module.If t

46、he server as a copy from the configuration,the initial module will call copy from module,which will launch two thread,the so-called SQL thread and the I/O thread.They use the publicity occurred in the main module to update from module.It is in the same server can be configured to the main module and

47、 from module.Network communication with the customers through the client/server protocol modules,the packing in the appropriate format data is responsible,and depending on the connection Settings,compress it.Client/server protocol modules in turn use low-level network I/O modules,and this is respons

48、ible for sending and receiving in the data of the cross-platform about a socket level of portable way.It is also used to encrypt data using Open SSL library is responsible for call options if the connection is set correctly.When they perform their respective tasks,the core component of a lot depends

49、 on the server in the core API.Core API provides a rich set of functions,including file of I/O,memory management,string operation,the implementation of the data structure and algorithms,and many other useful functions.MySQL developers encourage to avoid a direct lib of calls,and use core API for cit

50、izens to travel to new port platform and the future of code optimization.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 11 页 -MySQL 的架构班级：10网工1 学号：1004031010 姓名：汪青松指导老师签字：MySQL 的架构的最好的理解是从他的历史背景中去发现。MySQL 的历史可以追溯到1979年，当时蒙蒂维德纽斯，在一家名为TcX的小公司工作，他用 BASIC语言创造了一个报告工具，在这个报告工具的基础上他在16KB的 RAM中写了 4跑道的 Mhzcomputer。随着时间的推移，该工