2022年英语国家概况答案 .pdf

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1、.英语作业答案Unit 1.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts:England,Scotland and Wales.(T)英伦三岛包括英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to the

2、ir country.(F)British3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(F)4.In terms of population and area，Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.(F)英格兰是面积最大，人口最多的5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(T)The River Severn:赛文河

3、6.Because of political troubles，Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(T).Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are.不列颠群岛是由两个大岛组成的：不列颠和爱尔兰A.Great Britain and Ireland

4、 B.Great Britain and Scotland C.Great Britain and Wales D.Great Britain and England 2.is the capital city of Scotland.A.Belfast B.Edinburgh C.Aberdeen D.Cardiff 3.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom，is the smallest.A.England B.Scotland C.Wales D.Northern Ireland 4.The introduction of Christia

5、nity to Britain added the first element ofwords to English.A.Danish and Finnish B.Dutch and German C.French and Italian D.Latin and Greek5.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by theinfluence.A.Norman B.Dutch C.German D.Danish6.Samuel Johnson s dictionary was influential in establishing a

6、standard form of.A.grammar B.handwriting C.spelling D.pronunciation 7.At present,nearly of the world s population communicate in English.A.half B.aquarterC.One third D.one fifth III.Give brief answers to the following questions1.What is the full name of the U.K.?The full name is the United Kingdom o

7、f Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2.Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?They like to enjoy the beautifulScottish scenery,to drink Scotch whisky and to see 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 10 页 -.Scotsman wearing kilts and playing bagpipes.3.How many periods can the develo

8、pment of the English language be divided into and what are they?The development of the English language can be divided into three periods:Old English,MiddleEnglish and Modern English.4.Why did English become more important after the Black Death(黑死病)?The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic

9、 and social importance after the Black Death,so English also grew in importance compared to French.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100words.1.who are British people?The first known inhabitants in Britain were Celts who are the ancestors of welsh,Scottish and Irish people

10、.Then came the Anglos,the Saxons and the Jutes who brought with them English language.Many people from other European countries came later,and in modern times there are a lots of immigrants from many formerCommonwealth(共和国)countries from every part of the world,and the British people are also compos

11、ed of people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds.2.What is StandardEnglish?Standard English is based on the speech of the upper class of the southeastern England;it is widely used in media and taught at schools.It is preferred by the educated,middle-class people.Is has developed and has b

12、een promoted as a model for the correct BritishEnglish.It is also the norm(标准)carried overseas.Today,StandardEnglish is codified to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary are much the same everywhere in the world where English is taught and used.Unit 2 I.Read the following statements carefully a

13、nd decide whether they are True or False.1.The British history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.(T)2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe the Britons.(T)4.The AngloSaxons came to Britain in the mid

14、-5th century.(T)(不考)5.The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France(T)8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the ri

15、ghts of both the privileged classand the townspeople.(F)9.The Hundred Years War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans for trade and territory.(F)10.in an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions，Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious

16、Reformation.(T)名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 10 页 -.Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1Theattack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410 ANorman B Danish CCeltic DGermanic2By the late 7th century，became the dominant religion in EnglandACeltic Christian

17、ity BAnglo-Saxon Christianity CGermanic Christianity DRoman Christianity 3Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特教堂)was built at the time of.AStAugustine BEdward the Confessor(忏悔者爱德华)CWilliam the Conqueror DAlfred the Great 4Themarked the establishment of feudalism(封建制度)in EnglandAViking invasion Bsigning of the Ma

18、gna Carta CNorman Conquest DAdoption of common law 5The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of.Athe House of Valois Bthe House of York Cthe House of Tudor(都铎楼)D the House of Lancaster 出身于族徽为红玫瑰的兰开斯特家族的亨利都铎结束了玫瑰战争，登上了英国王位，称亨利七世6The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VI

19、IIS effort to.Adivorce his wife Bbreak with Rome Csupport the Protestants Ddeclare his supreme power over the church 7.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between.AProtestants and PuritansB Royalists and Parliamentarians Cnobles and peasantsD aristocrats and Christians 8was passed after the Glor

20、ious Revolution(光荣革命)ABill of Rights BAct of Supremacy CProvisions of Oxford DMagna Carta 9.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of thecentury A17th B18th C19th D20th 10Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the centuryA17t

21、h B18th C19th D20thIII.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the two components of the British parliament?2.What were some of Queen Victorias major achievements?3.What were the two camps in Europe in World War?4.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World

22、War?Answers:1.They are the House of Commons and the House of Lords.2.Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect.She promoted further industrial revolution,the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce.By the end of her reign,Britain had developed to an empire

23、 including a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world s landmass.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 10 页 -.3.The Central Powers which included Germany,Austria-Hungary,the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria and the Allied Powers which were mainly comprised of France,the Russian Empire,

24、the British Empire,Italy and the United States.4.Because they were allied during the war and shared the same worries about the former Soviet Union.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?2.The Rise and Fall of the British Em

25、pire?Answers:1.The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways.First,industrial productivity increased dramatically.Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world.Second,urbanization took place.Many new cities sprang up.Third,it caused great cha

26、nges in the class structure.The old social classes declined,and new ones emerged and developed.The conflict between the capitalists and the proletarians became the most important political issue.2.Colonization of Newfoundland,the first British colony overseas,in 1583 marked the beginning of the Brit

27、ish Empire.By 1837,Britain had long been an empire which included the colonies in Canada,Australia,New Zealand,India and many small states in the West Indies.By the end of the 19th century,the British Empire included a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the worlds landmass.Duri

28、ng the mid-19th century,the British government consolidated the existing colonies by bringing them under the direct control of the government.Before World War,Britain had the largest colonial empire in the world.However,Britain suffered great loss to its manpower in the two World Wars and exhausted

29、its reserves of gold,dollars and overseas investment.Most of Britains colonies gained independence since the 1940s,which inevitably led to the fall of the Empire.Unit4 Politics and Government of UK I Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False 1Conventions(党代会)a

30、re regarded less important than common law in the working of the British governmentF2The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the historyF3In reality，the British King or Queen is the source of all government powersF4British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of N

31、ations(英联邦国家)F5Lords Spiritual(上议院神职议员)and Lords Temporal(上议院世俗议员)are all members in the British Upper House(上议院).T6The members in the House of Commons(下议院)are appointed rather than elected F上议院是指派的，下议院是选举的。7The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in ParliamentT8Cabinet member

32、s(内阁阁员)are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament F Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from members of the winningpolitical parties in Parliament 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 10 页 -.9British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal l

33、awT10 The legal systems in England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law,organization and practiceFII Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements1The British government is characterized by a division of powers between threeof the following branc

34、hes with the exception of the.Ajudiciary司法 B Legislature立法 Cmonarchy Dexecutive行政2The importance of the British monarchy(君主政体)can be seen in its effect on.Apassing the bills Badvising the government Cpolitical parties Dpublic attitude3As a revising chamber(审裁室)，the House of Lords is expected to the

35、House of Commons A rival Bcomplement CcriticizeD.inspect检查4British Cabinet works on the principle of.Acollective responsibility(集体责任)Bindividual responsibility Cdefending the collectivism Ddefending the individuals 5The main duty of the British Privy Council(枢密院)is to.Amake decisions Bgive advice Cp

36、ass bills Dsupervise the Cabinet 6In Britain，the parliamentary general election is held everyyears.A three B four Cfive D.six 7has a distinct legal system based on Roman lawAWales BEngland CScotland DNorthern Ireland 8Generally speaking，the British Parliament operates on a system.Asingle-party Btwo-

37、party Cthree-party Dmulti-party 9The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism实用主义and.Agovernment intervention Bnationalization of enterprises Csocial reform Da belief in individualism 10 The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it.Aset up the National He

38、alth Service Bimproved public transportation Cabolished the old tax system Denhanced the economic development Give brief answers to the following questions1What are the three functions of the House of Commons?There are three main functions of the House of Commons.The first is to debate and vote upon

39、 legislation and the second is to give the chance for the opposition to question what the government is doing with legislation,the way it conducts itself,etc.The third function is private members business where MPs may get up and make a speech in the House about an issue or event that he/she would l

40、ike to draw attention 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 10 页 -.to.2What kind of public image does Liberal Democrats(自由民主党)have in Britain?张老师的答案：Liberal Democrats was founded in March,1988.In public s eyes,Liberal Democrats adopts more progress policy on the issue of public services,social equity and e

41、nvironmental protection etc.It continues to maintain the cooperation with Labor Party,and it is third party in UK with 100,000 party members.The Liberal Democrats,often shortened to Lib Dems,are a social liberal political party in the United Kingdom.The party was formed in 1988 by a merger of the Li

42、beral Party and the Social Democratic Party.The two parties had formed the electoral SDP Liberal Alliance for seven years before then.The current leader of the party is Nick Clegg.At the 2010 general election,57 Lib Dem MPs were elected,making them the third-largest party in the House of Commons,beh

43、ind the Conservative Party with 307 and the Labour Party with 258.The Liberal Democrats formed a coalition government with the Conservative Party,with Nick Clegg as Deputy Prime Minister and other Liberal Democrats in the cabinet.Promoting social liberalism,the Liberal Democrats voice strong support

44、 for constitutional and electoral reform,and civil liberties.The party presidents book of office is John Stuart Mills 1859 On Liberty,which defended individual rights while attacking the tyranny of the majority and the despotism of custom.The party objects to state limitations on individual rights a

45、nd favours a welfare state that provides for the necessities and amenities of life.1213 They support multilateral foreign policy,opposing British participation in the War in Iraq and supporting the withdrawal of troops from the country.14 The Liberal Democrats are the most pro-European Union of the

46、three main parties in the UK.The party has strong environmentalist values favouring renewable energy and commitments to deeper cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.Since their foundation,Lib Dems have advocated electoral reform to use proportional representation in electing the House of Commons,also hop

47、ing to replace the House of Lords with an elected chamber.Unit 1 Geography and People I Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False 1The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians(阿巴拉契亚山脉)hold one third of the country s continental territoryF 1/3-1/62The clima

48、te in the United States can be classified as temperate，with some mild subtropical(亚热带的)and tropical(热带的)zones T3New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States，and it is composed of five boroughs including Manhattan，Brooklyn，the Bronx，Staten Island and QueensT4San Francisco(旧金山)

49、is the second largest city after New York and the world famousHollywood and Disneyland are located hereF洛杉矶是第二大城市6Half of the USpopulation lives in the western metropolitan centersF东部7The Blacks brought from Africa to America usually worked on plantations or farms 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 10 页

50、 -.in the NorthF在美国南部8During the 1830s and 1840s，many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to AmericaT10 Basic American cultural values are freedom，equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of livingTII Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1The Uni