2022年采矿工程专业英语山科大重点 .pdf

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1、metallic ore 金属矿石nonmetallic mineral 非金属矿物coal 煤petroleum 石油natural gas 天然气ground control 岩层控制ventilation 通风haulage 运输hoisting 提升rock breakage 破岩surrounding rock mass 围岩，周围岩层dynamite dain?mait n.炸药mine n.矿山，矿井。v.采矿mining n.采矿，采矿业，采掘行业mineral n.矿物mine development 矿井开拓mine planning 矿井设计mine operation

2、矿井作业mine closure 矿井关闭mine reclamation 矿区恢复治理ore n.矿石gangue n.?夹石，夹矸n.脉石waste n.废石mineral deposit 矿床prospecting 勘探，探矿exploration 勘探，探测development 开拓exploitation 开采reclamation rekl?me?n恢复治理，复垦colliery k?li?rin.矿井，煤矿surface mining 露天开采shaft 井筒，立井slope 斜井adit 平硐open pit mining 基坑式露天开采井，煤矿open cast minin

3、g(strip mining)倒堆式露天开采stripe 条带stripe mining 条带开采aqueous mining method eikwi?s水采方法underground mining 地下开采unsupported mining 空场法/无支护法supported mining 有支护法caving mining 垮落法/崩落法unit operations 单元作业；工序production operation 生产工序，主要工序名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 13 页 -materials handling 物料搬运drill 钻眼blast

4、 爆破load 装载unload，dump，卸载haul 运输auxiliary operation 辅助工序roof support 顶板支护ventilation and air-conditioning 通风和空气调节power supply 供电pumping；drainage 排水maintenance 设备维护communications 通讯lighting 照明delivery of compressed air,water 供水和压缩空气supplies to the working sections 其它材料供应provide slope stability 保持边坡稳定w

5、aste disposal 废物处理supply of material 材料供应Prospecting 找矿Exploration 勘探Development 开拓Exploitation 回采Reclamation 恢复治理fossil f?s(?)l;-s?l n.化石。plant fossil 植物化石peat n.泥炭pi?t lignite n.褐煤 l?gna?t=brown coal bituminous coal 烟煤b?tju?m?n?s semianthracite n.,semi?nr?sait n.矿物 半无烟煤anthracite n.无烟煤?nr?sa?t met

6、a-anthracite 变质无烟煤、高级炭化无烟煤met?graphite n.石墨 gr?fa?t soft coal 软煤，烟煤hard coal 硬煤fern n.蕨类植物f?n ferny adj.蕨类的 f?:ni moss n.苔藓m?s volatile adj.易挥发的，n.挥发物v?l?ta?l volatilize v.使挥发v?l?t?la?z;v?l?t?la?z devolatilize,di?v?l?t?la?z v.除去挥发成分swamp n.沼泽sw?mp incoalation n.煤化作用,成煤作用,ink?u?lei?n bacteria n.细菌 b?

7、kt?r?carbon n.碳名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 13 页 -carboniferous adj.含碳的,k:b?nif?r?s vegetation n.植被，植物ved?te?(?)n accumulate v.积聚,堆积 accumulation overlay vt.在 上盖erode v.侵蚀，腐蚀 n.erosion?r?d 勘探，n.explorationexplore,v.勘探开采n.exploitationexploit,v.回采煤田coalfield 井田mine field 煤炭资源coal resource 找煤search f

8、or coal seam 露头outcrop a?tkr?p 煤层coal seam 可采煤层minable coal seam 岩层strata,rock seam str?t?周围岩层surrounding strata 煤的储量coal reserves 煤质coal quality 开采条件mining condition 地质条件geologic condition 水文条件hydrologic condition 煤的赋存occurrence of coal?k?r(?)ns 地质测量geologic survey 探掘工程excavation investigation 地球物理

9、勘探geophysical exploration 钻探drilling development drilling 开拓钻孔标志层marked bed mine development 矿井开拓property 矿产Preliminary Investigationpr?l?m?n(?)r?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 13 页 -（初步调查）Field Reconnaissance r?k?n?s(?)ns（野外普查）Preliminary Exploration of Mining Areas（矿区详查）Detailed Exploration of Min

10、e Fields（井田精查）地质储量geologic reserves 工业储量industrial reserves 可采储量recoverable reserves r?k?v?r?bl 回采率/采出率recovery ratio/factor 煤柱损失losses of coal pillar 原地生成煤In place coal 原煤raw coal 精煤clean coal 杂质impurity 比重specific gravity 洗煤厂preparation plant 连续开采法continuous mining method 普通开采法conventional mining

11、method 长壁开采法longwall mining method 短壁开采法shortwall mining method 露天矿surface mine 井工矿井deep mine New words 产状attitude 走向strike 倾向dip 倾角dip angle tilt v.使倾斜fold v.折叠fracture v.使破裂unravel v.解开，阐明；compass n.罗盘clinometer n.测斜仪地质构造geological structure 褶皱fold 背斜upfold 向斜downfold 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，

12、共 13 页 -断层fault 正断层normal fault 逆断层reverse fault(trust fault)上盘hanging wall 下盘footwall 断层落差fault throw/drop 煤层分叉split coal 冲刷、冲蚀washout 矿脉vein 岩墙rock dike=rock dyke clastic dike 碎屑状岩墙roll 顶底板凸出cleat 层理concretion 结核igneous intrusion 火成岩侵入体cover n.覆盖层。impurity n.杂质，夹矸。cleavage n.节理strength n.强度hardnes

13、s n.硬度immediate roof 直接顶methane n.甲烷，瓦斯blasting mining method 炮采conventional mechanized mining method 普采fully mechanized mining method 综采Element n.元素，单元。Operation n.工序，作业。Daily operation 日常工作Single operation 单一工序Unit n.单元，组合Auxiliary a.辅助的，备有的，次要的Cutting n.Blasting Loading Haul v.运输，搬运Ventilation n.

14、通风，通风装置，通风量，排风。Ground n.地层，土壤Drainage n.排水Power n.动力，功率Communication n.通讯，联络，传播Lighting n.照明，采光。roadway excavation 巷道掘进outcrop 露头，露出地面的岩层；crosscut联络巷、石门；名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 13 页 -outby 向外，外向（指从工作面向井筒方向）drift n.平硐drive v.掘进entry n.平巷，巷道room n.房，煤房pillar n.柱子，煤柱room and pillar mining 房柱式开采c

15、onventionally mining method 普通采矿法continuous mining method 连续采矿法bolt n.锚杆；v.锚杆支护bolter n.锚杆机continuous miner 连续采煤机shuttle car 梭车tram n.电车；v.运搬barrier pillar 边界煤柱panel n.盘区bleeder entry 通风巷道；bloodbleedbleeder 泄水管gob 采空区longwall mining 长壁开采shortwall mining 短壁开采web n.截深planer n.刨煤机shearer n.滚筒采煤机Inadequ

16、acy n.不足，缺乏。-In+adequacy(足够，适当)Transportation facility 运输设备Inflationary adj.通货膨胀的,通货膨胀引起的-inflation n.胀大,通货膨胀,(物价)暴涨-inflate v 膨胀，充气。Inflationary process 通货膨胀过程Drive up 抬高，提高Drive into 掘进到 electromechanical adj.机电的 Electro(电子的)+mechanical(机械的)Electromechanical mine operation 矿井机电作业Staff v.雇用，聘用Seaso

17、n v 适用，适应Coordinate n.坐标。v.（使）互相配合，（使）协调，调整。A multitude（n.多数，多量）of 大量Capital investment 基本建设投资Foremost 最主要的，最重要的Mt metric ton 公吨。453.5Mt=500 million tons 0.907Mt=1 million ton put into operation 投产，投入使用The life of the property 矿产/井的使用年限。For convenience 为了方便其见Minability 可采性Marketability 适销性，可销性名师资料总结

18、-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 13 页 -Option 买卖选择权,优先购买权Enter upon 开始Operating mine 生产矿井Surface topography 地面地形，表面地形Coalfield 煤田Measure 层组Coal-bearing measure 含煤地层Feature 特征；地貌。structural feature 构造特征surface improvement 地面上的改造Tilled area 耕地Reservoir 水库Power line 电力线，输电线Reservation n.保留地；自然保护区on record n.留有

19、记录的,记录在案的Preliminary adj.初步的，预备的，Preferred 优先选用的，首选的Traverse 导线。Traverse with compass 罗盘定位。System surveying 系统测量Sampling 采样Have a bearing on 对 有影响，与.有关Available 有效的，可用的Pricing schedule 定价方案Preparation treatment 洗选加工Selective adj.有选择性的,选择的Master adj.主要的，总的。Prepare 准备，制定A master plan of operation 总体生产

20、计划。Serve as 用作，作为，起到 作用。Basis 基础，根据，依据Since 引导原因状语从句Justify 调整，证明，证明 是正确的，Considerable adj.相当大的，相当多的Drilling pattern 钻孔布置，钻孔图式Basic map 底图，基本地图Log sheet 钻孔柱状图Tabular adj.=table Tabular record 表格记录Operating management 经营管理部门，经营管理,作业管理阶层Life expectancy 预期使用年限，使用寿命Delivery of supplies 材料供应Estimate of t

21、he cost 成本估计Sales department 销售部门名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 7 页，共 13 页 -coalfield n.煤田mine field n.井田divide v.划分division n.划分mine production capacity（MPC）矿井生产能力mine service life 矿井服务年限production scale of mine 井型small mine 小型矿井middle mine 中型矿井large mine 大型矿井huge mine 特大型矿井strike n.走向;dip n.倾向;dip angle

22、 倾角workable adj.可采的workable reserve n.可采储量opening n.通道，开口passageway n.通道mine opening n.矿山井巷shaft n.立井roadway n.巷道chamber n.硐室main shaft 主立井auxiliary shaft 副立井air shaft 风井blind shaft 暗立井drawn shaft 溜井chute n.溜煤眼?u:tadit n.平硐drift n.平硐crosscut n.联络巷；石门coal crosscut 煤门in-seam crosscut entry n.平巷haulage

23、 n.运输main haulage roadway 主要运输平巷main return-air roadway 主要回风平巷head entry 区段运输平巷tail entry 区段回风平巷Slope n.斜井rise n.上山dip n.下山rock rise 岩石上山coal rise 煤层上山coal haulage rise 运煤上山material transporting rise 运料上山return-air rise 回风上山men-walking rise 行人上山inclined roadway of a strip 分带斜巷inclined coal haulage r

24、oadway of a strip 分带运煤斜巷inclined material haulage roadway of a strip 分带运料斜巷development roadway 开拓巷道preparation roadway 准备巷道gateway 回采巷道pit bottom 井底车场shaft bottom 井底车场station n.车场，车站mining district station 采区车场horizon n.阶段level n.水平haulage level 运输水平return-air level 回风水平名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 8 页，

25、共 13 页 -mining level 开采水平interval between levels 阶段垂高mining district 采区panel n.盘区Sublevel n.分段strip district n.带区inclined length 斜长strike length 走向长度district sublevel 区段open-off cut n.切眼Coalface n.采煤面working face 工作面production n.生产；产量production system 生产系统coal haulage system 运煤系统ventilation n.通风vent

26、ilation system 通风系统fresh air 新鲜风dirty air 乏风，污风refuse n.矸石material and refuse transportation system 运料排矸系统drain v.排水drainage system 排水系统power supply system(electric power,compressed air)动力供应（电、压风）communication and monitoring system 通讯、监测系统drive v.掘进excavate v.开挖，开掘hoist v.提升winch n.绞车?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下

27、载-名师精心整理-第 9 页，共 13 页 -名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 10 页，共 13 页 -名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 11 页，共 13 页 -1)Roadway Line 巷道线路?Loaded(full)track of main shaft 主井重车线?Emptied track of main shaft 主井空车线?Full track of auxiliary shaft 副井重车线?Emptied track of auxiliary shaft 副井空车线?Material track of auxiliary shaft

28、材料车线?Detour roadway 绕道回车线?Car gathering track(service track)调车线?Connection junction N1、N2、N3、N4 连接道岔?2)Chambers of shaft bottom 井底车场硐室?(1)Chambers of main shaft system?Car dump 翻笼硐室?Coal bunker 煤仓?Skip loader 箕斗装载硐室?Inclined roadway 清理井底撒煤斜巷?(2)Chambers of auxiliary shaft system?Central substation 中

29、央变电所?Pump station 水泵房?Sump 水仓?Waiting room 等候室?(3)other chambers:dispatch room调度室,人车停车场，电机车修理车间。?(1)chambers of mine shaft system 主井系统的硐室：?unloading station for Drop-bottom Car(底卸式矿车卸载站)、Turn-over-cage unloading station(翻笼卸载站)、Pit-bottom Coal Bunker chamber(井底煤仓硐室)、skip loading chamber(箕斗装载硐室)?(2)ch

30、ambers of Auxiliary shaft system副井系统硐室：?ingate(马头门)、underground central substation room(中央变电所)、main pumping room(水泵房)、drain sump(水仓)、pit-bottom waiting room(等候室)、signal room(信号室)?(3)other chambers其他硐室：?Pit-bottom dispatching room(调度室)、underground locomotive repair room(机车库及修理间)、magazine(爆破材料库)、tools

31、 room(工具室)名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 12 页，共 13 页 -?Characteristics:?Mine cars run toward one way in loop-type shaft bottom 列车在车场中环行单向运行。?环行车场可分为：卧式、斜式和立式?horizontal loop-type shaft bottom(卧式环行车场):空重车线与主运输巷(大巷或主石门)平行?inclined loop-type shaft bottom(斜式环行车场):空重车线与主运输巷（大巷或主石门）斜交?Vertical loop-type shaft bottom(立式环行车场)空重车线与主运输巷（大巷或主石门）垂直名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 13 页，共 13 页 -