2022年重庆医科大学题全 .pdf

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1、重庆医科大学 2007年招收攻读博士学位研究生英语试题（样题）考试时间：3 小时Part I Vocabulary(10 points)Section A(5 points)Directions:In each item,chose one word that best keeps the meaning of the sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word.Mark out your choice on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.1.The

2、public usually regards the theory of public opinion as controversial.a.practical b.disputable c.reasonable d.soluble 2.The serious illness deprived him of his sight and the use of his leg.a.robbed b.excluded c.disabled d.gripped 3.If a cat comes too close to its nest,the mocking bird initiates a set

3、 of actions to protect its off-spring.a.hastens b.triggers c.devises d.releases 4.The flowers on the table were a manifestation of the child s love for his mother.a.a demonstration b.a combination c.a satisfaction d.an infestation 5.Handling preschooler s fears is often of understanding their fantas

4、ies.a.behavior b.habit c.hobby d.imagination 6.The devastating earthquake last month caused hundreds of people homeless.a.unguarded b.overwhelming c.destructive d.evil 7.On hearing of the case some time later,Conan Doyle was convinced that the man was not guilty,and immediately went to work to ascer

5、tain the truth.a.explore b.obtain c.verify d.search 8.Fear of pirate raids caused the Spaniards to fortify their coastline.a.arms b.invasions c.ships d.cruelty 9.The poor woman did not sleep all night and was completely worn out.a.consumed b.exhausted c.ground d.smashed 10.Mountain life produces a s

6、trong,tough breed of men.a.generation b.genius c.type d.gang Section B(5 points)Directions:In each question,decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked.Mark out your choice on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.1

7、1.A patient who is dying of incurable cancer of the throat is in terrible pain,which can no longer be satisfactorily _.a.diminished b.alleviated c.replaced d.abolished 12.In principle,a person whose conduct was caused by mental disorder should not be liable to criminal _.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页

8、，共 10 页 -a.identification b.punishment c.investigation mitment 13.Cut off by the storm,they were forced to _ food for several days.a.go in for b.go over c.go without d.go out 14.Getting enough vitamins is essential to life,although the body has no nutritional use for _ vitamins.a.exceptional b.excee

9、ding c.excess d.external 15.For some rare cases,the doctor does not base his diagnosis on the patient s _ only but also on the results of plaints b.reports c.statements d.symptoms 16.The Army and Navy of that country were reformed in _ with western models after the Second World War.a.consequence b.a

10、greement c.accordance d.contact 17.Please come and help me with this form because I dont know how to _ it.a.set about b.set aside c.set off d.set up 18.The salesman s _ annoyed the old lady,but finally she gave in.a.endurance b.assistance c.resistance d.persistence 19.Does brain power _ as we get ol

11、der?Scientists now have some surprising answers.a.collapse b.descend c.deduce d.decline 20.All experts agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully _ the risks and benefits.a.weighing b.valuing c.evaluating d.distinguishing Part II Reading Comprehension(40 points)Passage

12、1 Yellow Fever Hopes for victory over the disease of yellow fever were raised still further when one of a team of Rockefeller doctors,studying yellow fever in Ghana,scored a major victory in the summer of 1927.Visiting a village where there was an outbreak,the doctor took blood from a goodlooking yo

13、ung African,Asibi by name,who had a mild touch of fever.The doctor now injected some of his blood into four animals including one monkey that had just arrived from India.Only the monkey went down with yellow fever.For the first time the virus of the disease had been passed into an animal other than

14、man.Having animals that could be given the disease opened the way to new lines of experiments.The Asibi virus was kept going from monkey to monkey.In this way they gradually developed a virus whose power to make people ill had been greatly lowered.But still it had enough strength to develop resistan

15、ce in human beings.So from the blood of a West African a vaccine was finally developed that now protects millions of people from yellow fever.Such,then,was the point reached in 1932.Yellow fever appeared to be on the way out,at least in the Americas.Then there occurred an outbreak in a country distr

16、ict in Brazil.This was strange,since yellow fever had always been believed to be a disease of the city,one that people caught by being bitten in their own homes by the city type of mosquitoes,bred within a hundred yards of their houses.Something much more surprising,however,was in store for the memb

17、ers of the Brazilian Yellow Fever Service,when they reached the area.There was yellow fever in the district,without doubt.The Service found it was present by all the standard tests.But there were 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 10 页 -no city-type mosquitoes,not one.One morning a doctor went into the

18、jungle with some woodcutters.He wanted to collect mosquitoes,but they weren tbiting.The doctor was just ready to leave,when one of the men shouted that a tree was about to fall.He stood back and watched the great mass come down.Sunlight streamed through the hole made in the roof of the jungle and fr

19、om the upper branches of the fallen tree rose a cloud of blue mosquitoes which circled around the men.So it was learned that these blue mosquitoes,relatively rare on the floor of the jungle,exist in great numbers in the treetops.There too,the monkeys live.This discovery completed a chain of facts ab

20、out the way jungle yellow fever is caught and spread.It is mainly a disease of monkeys in the jungle treetops.They are infected by the bites of several kinds of mosquitoes.Blue mosquitoes being one of the most common attackers.The pattern is carried on from monkey to mosquito and back to monkey.But

21、men going into the jungle may also get the disease,particularly if their work disturbs the roof of the jungle.If the man bitten by an infected mosquito then returns to a city where there are mosquitoes of the city type,he may start again the pattern of man to mosquito to man.21.A further advance in

22、the fight against yellow fever was made when it was discovered that the disease could be passed from _.a.man to mosquito b.animal to man c.animal to mosquito d.man to animal 22.Jungle yellow fever can only exist where there are _.a.any type of mosquitoes b.blue mosquitoes c.monkeys d.animals and mos

23、quitoes 23.The doctors in this in this story were interested in discovering _.a.the pattern of the disease b.the signs of yellow fever c.the kind of people who get the disease d.how monkeys stay healthy 24.An interesting finding in this story is that _.a.only one type of mosquitoes carries yellow fe

24、ver b.at least two types of mosquitoes carry yellow fever c.any mosquitoes can carry the disease d.monkeys are necessary in keeping yellow fever going Passage 2 A Leap in Thought You ve had a problem,you ve thought about it till you were tired,forgotten it and perhaps slept on it,and then flash!When

25、 you weren t thinking about it suddenly the answer has come to you,as a gift from the gods.Of course all ideas dontcome like that,but the interesting thing is that so many do,particularly the most important ones.They burst into the mind,glowing with the heat of creation.How they do it is a mystery.P

26、sychology does not yet understand even the ordinary processes of conscious thought,but the emergence of new ideas by a“leap in thought”is particularly intriguing,because they must have come from somewhere.For the moment let us assume that they come from the“unconscious”.This is reasonable,for the ps

27、ychologists use this term to describe mental 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 10 页 -processes which are unknown to the subject,and creative thought consists precisely in what was unknown becoming know.It seems that all truly creative activity depends in some degree on these signals from the unconsciou

28、s,and the more highly intuitive the person,the sharper and more dramatic the signals become.But growth requires a seed,and the heart of the creative process lies in the production of the original fertile nucleus from which growth can proceed.This initial step in all creation consists in the establis

29、hment of a new unity from disparate elements,of order out of disorder,of shape from what was formless.The mind achieves this by the plastic reshaping,so as to form a new unit,of a selection of the separate elements derived from experience and stored in memory.Intuitions arise from richly unified exp

30、erience.This process of the establishment of new from must occur in pattern of nervous activity in the brain,lying below the threshold of consciousness,which interact and combine to from more comprehensive patterns.Experimental physiology has not yet identified this process,for its methods are as ye

31、t insufficiently refined,but it may be significant that a quarter of the total bodily consumption of energy during sleep goes to the brain,even when the sense organs are at rest,to maintain the activity of the thousand million brain cells.These cells,acting together as a single organ,achieve the mir

32、acle of the production of new patterns of thought.No calculating machine can do that,for such machines can“only do what we know how to design them to do”,and these formative brain processes obey laws which are still unknown.Can any practical conclusions be drawn from the experience of genius?Is ther

33、e an art of thought for the ordinary person?Certainly there is no single road to success;in the world of the imagination each has to find his own way to use his own gifts.25.The description in the first paragraph may imply that _.a.inspiration may come from the gods b.in finding an answer to a probl

34、em,inspiration may come only after you have thought hard about it c.inspiration may come only when you have forgotten the problem d.whenever you thought about the answer to a problem,you would get a flash of inspiration 26.The pronoun“they”in paragraph 2 refers to _.a.“many people”b.the most importa

35、nt people c.“many ideas”d.Psychologists 27.In the sentence“This is reasonable,for the psychologists use this term to describe mental processes which are unknown to the subject”.Here“subject”refers to _.a.a school course b.a topic of a speech c.a person being treated in a certain way or being experim

36、ented on d.a citizen 28.The writer might want to tell his readers that _.a.successful persons depend on their inspirations b.we ordinary people had better not blindly count on any practical conclusion from experience of genius,but find our own way to use our own gifts c.there is no genius at all 名师资

37、料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 10 页 -d.none of the above Passage 3 Experiments have been carried out on volunteers to see what happens when all sensations are stopped.This can be done in several ways.One method is to put a man inside a completely isolated room.This room is heavily sound-proofed and abs

38、olutely dark.There is no light or sound and the person is instructed just to lie motionless on a bed.People have stayed in rooms such as this for as long as four days.The results of sensory deprivation(SD)vary with the individual.Soon after entering the confinement cell most subjects went to sleep a

39、nd slept almost without interruption for ten to twenty-four hours.These are gross estimates for there was nothing by which the subjects could determine the time which had elapsed.We know for certain that one subject slept for nineteen hours but insisted that he had had a nap of less than one hour.Ac

40、cording to the monitoring microphone,which was capable of picking up the deep breathing of sleep,it seems more likely that most subjects slept all of the first twenty-four hours.We felt that so much sleeping in the first day wasted the effects of confinement,so we started placing subjects in SD earl

41、y in the morning.We reasoned that after a night s sleep our confined subject would be unable to dissipate(驱散)the effects of SD by sleeping.Such was not the case.As far as we could determine they went to sleep just as quickly and slept just as long as the previous subjects.We then started entering th

42、e subjects at midmorning,midday,and mid-afternoon.As it turned out,it made no difference when during the day and,presumably,during the night we started the confinement;the initial sleep period was always about the same.We had not expected this extended period of initial sleep.In fact,it had seemed r

43、easonable to expect something of the opposite.SD was a very novel situation for our subjects,and as such,we reasoned,it should have occupied them for some time.I had a similar expectation for astronauts during space flight and was greatly surprised to learn that the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin ha

44、d been able to sleep during his space flight around the earth.Other effects were also noted.With no real sensations to work on,the brain makes up all sorts of false information.Many people experience vivid dreams and hallucinations(幻觉).When they are finally taken out of the room into the real changi

45、ng world of light and sound,they are in a very strange state of mind,ready to believe anything and not really able to make decisions.29.This passage is mainly about _.a.how to have a sound sleep b.what causes loss of sensations c.what will happen if sensations were lost d.how to lose sensations 30.W

46、hat does“subjects”Para 3,Line2)mean in this passage?a.Any member of a state except the supreme ruler.b.Something to be talked or written about or studied.c.Person,animal or thing to be treated or dealt with.d.Theme on which a composition is based.31.We can probably infer from the passage that _.a.mo

47、st astronauts are unable to fall asleep in space b.a period of sensory deprivation would make a person hard to control c.many people are subject to fantasy while in the sensory deprivation cell 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 10 页 -d.microphones are used to control the breathing of subjects 32.All of

48、 the following are the results of sensory deprivation except that _.a.most subjects fell asleep and slept for a long time b.some subjects didn t know how many hours they spent sleeping c.it took a long time for the subjects to adapt themselves to sensory cell d.many subjects became credulous right a

49、fter sensory deprivation Passage 4 I came across an old country guide the other day.It listed all the tradesmen in each village in my part of the country,and it was impressive to see the great variety of services which were available on one s own doorstep in the late Victorian countryside.Nowadays a

50、 superficial traveler in rural England might conclude that the only village tradesmen still flourishing were either selling frozen food to the inhabitants or selling antiques to visitors.Nevertheless,this would really be a false impression.Admittedly there has been a contraction of village commerce,