2022年初中英语语法专项习题.名词 .pdf

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1、1 初中英语语法专项习题一、名词（n.）表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词（一）名词的分类名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如：boy,desk,cat,window）和集体名词（由若干个体组成的集合体。如：family,class,police）。不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物。如：water,paper,silk,money）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如：work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework）专

2、有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States）（二）名词的数1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种：（1）一般情况下,在词尾加 s.eg.book books,dog dogs,pen pens,boy boys 以轻辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为 s，以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为 z。（2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加 es.eg.beachbeaches,brush brushes,bus buses,boxboxe

3、s（es读音为 iz（3）以“辅音字母 y”结尾的名词,先变 y为i,再加 es.eg.city cities,family families,documentary documentaries,country countries,strawberry strawberries（ies读音为 iz）（注：以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接在词尾加-s.eg.boys,holidays,days）（4）以o结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下：,.tomatotomatoes,potatopotatoes,heroheroes negro negroes mongo mongoesp 结尾是两个元音字母的

4、加s,eg.zoo zoos,radio radios 某些外来词变复数时词尾加s,eg.pianopianos 一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s,eg.photo（photograph）photos,kilo（kilogram）kilos zero变复数时，既可加s,也可加eg.zeroszeroes（5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把 f或fe变为 v,再加 es.eg.wife wives,leaf leaves,half halves,knifeknives,thief thieves（res读音为 vz（注意：roof的复数为 roofs；scarf的复数为 scarfssc

5、arves）（6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换其中的字名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 6 页 -2 eg.man men,woman women,policeman policemen,Englishman Englishmen,Frenchman Frenchmen,foot feet,tooth teeth,child children,mousemice,OxOxen（公牛）（7）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。eg.Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish（8）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。e

6、g,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes,scissors 另外,当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。eg.an apple tree,five apple trees,a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister 但是，当 man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。eg.two men teachers,three women doctors 可用“量词+of+名词复数”这一结构表示可数名词的数量。eg.a room Of students,two boxes Of pencil

7、s 2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式，它的“量”的表示方式如下。（1）表不定数量时,一般用 much,（a）little,a lot of lots of,some,any等词修饰。eg,much money,a little bread（2）表确定数量时,一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：twothree+量词复数十 of+不可数名词。eg.a bag Of rice,two glasses Of milk,four bottles Of water 3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。eg：fruit 水果 fruits 表示不同种类的水果；food食物 fo

8、ods各种食品；fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类；drink饮料、酒 a drink一杯一份饮料、一杯酒；cloth布,a cloth桌布、抹布；sand沙 sands沙滩；tea茶 a tea一杯茶；chicken鸡肉 a chicken小鸡；orange橘汁 an orange橘子；glass玻璃 a glass玻璃杯,glasses 眼镜；paper纸 a paper试卷、论文；wood木头 a wood小森林；room空间、余地 a room房间（三）名词的所有格（表示人或物的所属关系）（1）有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。不是以 s结尾的名词变成所有格

9、时，在词尾加s.eg.Mike s watch；Women s Day以 s结尾的名词变成所有格时,只加 。eg.teachersoffice,studentsrooms 两个或两个以上名词并列,表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加s.eg.Tom and Mikes room汤姆和迈克的房间（表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房）两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加s.eg.Mary s and Jenny s bikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车）（2）无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 6 页 -3

10、 eg.a map Of China,the beginning Of this game,the door Of the room（3）特殊形式可用 s和of短语表示的名词所有格eg.the boys name=the name Of the boy（男孩的名字）the dogs legs=the legs of the dog（狗的腿）China s population=the population Of China（中国的人口）China s capital=the capital of China（中国的首都）双重所有格eg.a fiend of my mothers我妈妈的一个朋友

11、a picture of Toms汤姆的一张图片练习题1.()1 She was very happy.She in the maths test.A.makes a few mistake B.made a few mistakes C.made few mistakes D.makes few mistake()2 We need some more_.Can you go and get some,please?A.potato B.potatos C.potatoes D.potatoe()3 _are_for cutting things.A.Knife/used B.Knives/

12、used B.C.Knife/using D.Knives/using()4 What big_ the tiger has!A.tooth B.teeth C.tooths D.toothes()5 Please remember to give the horse some tree_.A.leafs B.leaves C.leaf D.leave()6-Can we have some _?-Yes,please.A.banana B.oranges C.apple D.pear()7 On the table there are five_.A.tomatosB.piece of to

13、matoes C.tomatoes D.tomato 2()1 They got much _ from those new books.A.ideas B.photos C.information D.stories()2 He gave us_ on how to keep fit.A.some advices B.someadvice C.an adviceD.a advice()3 When we saw his face,we knew_ was bad.A.some news B.a news C.the news P.news()4 What_ lovely weather it

14、 is!A./B.the C.an D.a 3()1-Would you like_tea?-No,thanks.I have drunk two_.A.any,bottles of orange B.some,bottles of orange C.many,bottles of oranges D.few,bottle of oranges()2 He is hungry.Give him _ to eat.A.two breads B.two piece of bread C.two pieces of bread D.two pieces of breads()3 It really

15、took him:_ to draw the nice horse.A.sometimes B.hour C.long time D.some time()4 I would like to have_.A.two glasses of milk B.two glass of milk I C.two glasses of milks D.two glass of milks()5 Can you give me _?A.a tea B.some cup of tea C.a cup tea D.a cup of tea()6 Please give me _ paper.A.one B.a

16、piece C.a D.a piece of()7 John bought_for himself yesterday.A.two pairs of shoes B.two pair of shoe C.two pair of shoes D.two pairs shoes 4()1-How many _ have you got on your farm?-Ive got five.A.sheeps B.sheep C.pig D.chicken()2 Some _ came to our school for a visit that day.A.Germans B.Germen C.Ge

17、rmany D.Germanies 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 6 页 -4()3 In the picture there are many_ and two.A.sheep;foxes C.sheeps;foxes B.sheeps;fox D.sheep;foxs()4 A group of_ will visit the museum tomorrow.A.Hungarian B.Australian C.JapaneseD.American 5()1 This table is made of_.A.many glass B.glasses C.so

18、me glasses D.glass()2-What would you like to have for lunch,sir?-Id like_.!A.chicken B.a chicken C.chickens D.the chicken()3 Children should make_for old people in a bus.A.room B.a room C.rooms D.the room 6()1 Tables are made of_.A.wood B.some woods C.wooden D.woods()2 I wonder why _ are so interest

19、ed in action(武打片)films.A.people B.peoples C.the people D.the peoples()3I have read_ of the young writer.A.works B.work C.this works D.the works 7()1 Lets meet at 7:30 outside the gate of_?A.the Peoples Park B.the Peoples Park C.the People Park D.Peoples Park()2 _ Chinese people are _ hard working pe

20、ople.A./;a B.We;the C.The;the D.The;a()3 How many were there in the street when the accident happened?A.policeman B.polices C.police D.peoples 8()1 If these trousers are too big,buy a smaller_.A.set B.one C.piece D.pair()2 Last week I bought a TV_.A.pair.B.set C.piece D.block()3 There is a of wood l

21、eft on the ground.A.cup B.piece,C.box D.pair 9()1 There are sixty-seven_ in our school.A.womens teacher B.women teachers B.C.woman teachers D.women teacher()2 There are five_in our factory.A.woman driver B,women driver C.woman drivers D.women drivers()3 These _ were sent to the villages to help the

22、farmers.A.women doctor B.women doctors C.woman doctors D.woman doctor 10()1 They write most of their_ in English.A.business letter B.business letters C.businesses D.businesses letters()2 We came to a _ at last.and went in.A.watch shop B.watches shop C.watching shop D.watchs shop()3 This shop sells a

23、pples,bananas and things like these.Its a_.A.food shop B.book shop C.fruit shop D.vegetable shop()4 She broke a_while she was washing up.A.glass of wine B.glass for wine C.glass wine D.wine glass()5 Ive forgotten both of the_.A.room numbers.B.rooms number C.rooms numbers D.room number 111.September

24、10th is_in China.A.Teachers Day B.TeachersDay C.Teacher Day D.Teachers Day()2-Is the broom under _ desk?-No,its under_.A.the teachers;my B.teachers;mine C.teachers;me D.the teachers;mine()3 Excuse me,where is the_?A.mens room B.mens room C.mens rooms D.men rooms 12()1 The football under the bed is_.

25、A.Lily and Lucy B.Lilys and Lucys C.Lilys and Lucy D.Lily and Lucys()2 This is my_dictionary.A.sister Mary B.sisters C.sister,Marys D.sisters Marys 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 6 页 -5()3 He went to _ shop to buy a shirt.A.a tailor B.the tailor C.a tailors D.the tailors()4 Joan is_.A.Marys and Jack

26、 sister B.Mary and Jacks sister C.Mary and Jack sister D.Marys and Jacks sister 13()1 In a few_ time,those mountains will be covered with trees.A.year B.years C.years D.years()2 Its about _ walk from my house.A.ten minute B.ten minutes C.ten minutes D.ten minutes()3 The post office is a bit far from

27、 here.Its about_.A.thirty minutess walk B.thirty minutes walk C.thirty minutes walk D.thirty minutes walk()4 Half_ telephone calls are made in English.A.the world B.world C.the worlds D.worlds 14()1 _ face to the south.A.Windows of the room B.The windows of the room C.The rooms windows D.The windows

28、 in room()2 Please take two_.A.picture of the park B.pictures of the park C.the pictures of a park D.picture of a park()3 The workers are repairing_.A.the roof of the house B.a roof of the house C.roof of the house D.this roof of house 15()1 Miss Smith is a friend of_.A.Marys mothers B.Marys mother

29、C.mothers of Mary D.Mary mothers()2 This is a book of _.A.Tom B.Toms C.her D.him()3 The post card is sent by _.A.a friend of my father B.a friend of my fathers C.my father friend D.my father friends 16()1 Sydney is a city of_.A.America B.Germany C.Australia D.Japan()2 My father likes buying us _.A.c

30、ars B.flowers C.peasants D.presents()3 In England,the last name is the _.A.full name B.family name C.middle name D.given name()4 Mr Gao is a teacher.He works in a new_.A.shop B.school C.factory D.hospital 17()1 My father is a_.He works in a hospital.A.teacher B.doctor C.farmer D.soldier()2-Which ani

31、mal lives only in China?-The_.A.tiger B.monkey C.panda D.elephant()3 April come before_and after_.A.March;May B.May;March C.June;May D.March;February()4 Which of the following is right?A.China has a large population.B.China has much population.C.China has many populations.D.China has a great deal of

32、 population.()5 Please do like this.Fold the paper_ and cut along the fold.A.into pieces B.in half C.on halves D.to half()6 You played the violin wonderfully.Will you please play another_?A.one B.game C.programme D.piece 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 6 页 -6 参考答案：1.1-7 C C B B B B C 2.1-4 C B C A 3.1-7 B C D A D D A 4.1-4 B A A C 5.1-3 D A A 6.1-3 A A D 7.1-3 A D C 8.1-3 D B B 9.1-3 B D B 10.1-5 B A C D A 11.1-3 B D A 12.1-4 D C C B 13.1-4 B B C C 14.1-3 B B A 15.1-3 A B B 16.1-4 C D B B 17.1-6 B C B A B D 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 6 页 -