大学英语-翻译课件-笔译(定语从句).ppt

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1、定语从句的翻译,英语定语从句的翻译方法主要涉及到限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的译法。此外，有些英语定语从句和主句之间还存在者状语关系，对这种定语从句的译法值得探讨。 限制性vs.非限制性,His father, who is standing over there, works in a computer company. His father who is standing over there works in a computer company.,一、前置法,The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手

2、下工作的人对他怕得要死。 There will come a day when people the world over will live a happy life under the sun of peace. 全世界人民在和平阳光下过幸福的生活的一天是会到来的。,He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who was aloof and arrogant. 他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹，而不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥哥。 The sun, which had hidden all d

3、ay, now came out in all its splendor. 那个整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在又光芒四射地露面了。,二、后置法,1、重复法 He unselfishly contributed his uncommon talents and indefatigable spirit to the struggle which today brings them (those aims) within the reach of a majority of the human race. 他把自己非凡的才智和不倦的精力无私地奉献给了这种斗争，这种斗争今天已使人类中大多数人可以达到这些

4、目标。,It was an old woman, tall and shapely still, though withered by time, on whom his eyes fell when he stopped and turned. 他站住，转过身来，定睛一看，是个年迈的妇女，她身材很高，仍然一副好模样，虽然受了时间的折磨而有点憔悴。,练习,1. Cambridge University has nurtured great scientists, thinkers and poets such as Newton, Bacon, Milton, Byron and Darwin

5、, who made outstanding contribution to the progress of mankind. 2. Opposition to genetically modified foods had come mostly from rich Western countries, whose people had more than enough to eat.,2 、省略法 He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that weighed up to two pounds each. 他居然种出二百个奇迹般

6、的西红柿，每个重达两磅。 It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle. 是他收到那封信，说你的叔叔去世了。,After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night. 饭后，四个主要的谈判人物继续进行会谈，一直谈到深夜。 When she was lost to his view, he pursued his homeward way, glancing up

7、sometimes at the sky, where the clouds were sailing fast and wildly. 直到看不见她，他才走向家去，有时抬头望望天空，乌云在翻滚奔驰。,练习,One of the features of London is the number of big stores, most of which are to be found in or near the West End. Scientists have been devoted to developing high-yield rice varieties that sparked

8、the green revolution in the 1970s.,Like the press in most other countries, American newspapers range from the sensational, which feature crime, sex and gossip, and the serious, which focus on factual news and the analysis of world events.,三、融合法,The idea that the family is the traditional unit of soc

9、iety is challenged by American youth who are increasingly turning down marriage. 家庭是社会的传统组成成分，而美国青年越来越拒绝婚姻，使得这种观念受到了挑战,Apple pie is a favorite sweet, and English puddings, of which there are various types, are an excellent ending to a meal, especially in winter. 苹果派是人们喜爱的甜点，而英国布丁品种多样，用来结束全餐，非常不错，尤其冬

10、天更是如此,练习,Todays Japan is totally different from the Japan of five decades ago, particularly in social attitudes, which have strayed from traditional Asian values. Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is higher than it is in other parts of the world where the

11、re is not as much evaporation. Consumers will want roomier cars that are smaller outside, safer cars that weigh less, and better performing vehicles that are affordable.,非限制性定语从句可译成独立句,He had talked to Vice-President Nixon, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done. 他和副总统尼克松谈过

12、话。副总统向他担保，凡是能够做到的都将竭尽全力去做。 One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective. 有一次是暴风骤雨，猛烈的程度实为我生平所仅见。这阵暴风雨遮住了我的目标。,四、兼有状语职能的定语从句,（一）译成表“因”的分句 We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night. 我们知道由于猫的眼

13、睛比我们人的眼睛吸收更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜也能看得很清楚。,（二）译成表示“果”的分句 There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. 这个方案富于创造性，独出心裁，很有魅力，所以使他们很喜欢。,（三）译成表“让步”的分句 My assistant, who had carefully read through the instructions before doing his experiment, could not obtain satisfac

14、tory results, because he followed them mechanically. 虽然我的助手在做试验之前已从头到尾仔细阅读过说明书，但由于他死搬硬套，所以不能得到满意的结果。,（四）译成表“目的”的分句 The imperialist states maintain enormous armies and gigantic navies, which are used for oppressing and exploiting the people in distant lands. 帝国主义国家维持了庞大的陆海军，用以压迫和剥削远地的人民。,（五）译成表“条件”、“

15、假设”的分句 Men become desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their families. 人们及其迫切地要求工作，不管什么工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。 He would be a short-sighted commander who merely manned his fortress and did not look beyond. 谁如果只守城堡而不往远处看，那他就是一个目光短浅的指挥员。,练习,1. He did not remember his father who died when he was three years old. 2. He lived his life apart from the workers on whose skill he depended. 3. He wishes to write an article that will attract public attention to the matter. 4. Anyone who thinks that rational knowledge need not be derived from perceptual knowledge is an idealist.,