高考英语二轮专题语法学习复习讲义虚拟语气语法讲义19wishasififonlywouldrather虚拟语气结构知识点总结.docx

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1、高中英语语法学习/复习讲义虚拟语气语法知识点讲义19【精讲版全国通用】wish，as if，if only，would rather虚拟语气结构知识点总结wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气一、用法说明动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词；若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would (could)动词原形。如：I wish I were not so busy.但愿我不那样忙碌。I wish I were was bett

2、er looking.要是我长得漂亮些就好了。She wished she had stayed at home.她后悔的是她当时要是留在家里就好了。I wish you would go with us tomorrow.要是你明天同我们一起去就好了。I wish you wouldnt look down on this kind of work.我希望你不要看不起这种工作。This watch has gone wrong. I wish I had bought a better make.这只表坏了，我真愿意我买的是好一点的牌子。I wishyou wouldnt smoke any

3、 more.我希望你不再抽烟了。I wishyou would be more respectful to your father.我希望你对你父亲更尊敬些。I wishI could be of some use.我希望我能有什么用处。二、特别注意从句的时态只与从句所指的时间有关，而与wish的时态无关，比较：I wish I were rich.要是我现在有钱就好了。I wishI had been rich.要是那时我有钱就好了。I wished I were rich.当时我后悔自己没有钱。I wished I had been rich.当时我后悔自己曾经没有钱。if only后的句

4、子用虚拟语气if only与I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与wish后所接时态的情况相同：If onlyshe had had more courage!她再勇敢一些就好了。If onlyit would stop raining!雨要是停了就好了。If onlyhe didnt drive so fast.但愿他车没开得那么快。If onlyI were was better looking.要是我长得漂亮些就好了。If onlyI had listened to my parents!我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。If onlyshe would go

5、with me!她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!【友情提示】if only通常独立使用，没有主句。as if (though)从句用虚拟语气一、基本用法以as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气，若表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；若表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；表示将来的可能性不大，用would (might, could)+动词原形：He acts as if he knew me.他显得认识我似的。They treat me as though I were a stranger.他们待我如陌生人。He talks as if he had

6、been abroad.他说起话来好像曾经出过国。二、两点说明(1)从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，也可用陈述语气：It looks as if well be late.我们似乎要迟到了。This meat tastes as if it has already gone bad.这肉吃起来似乎已经坏了。在现代英语中，有时即使从句内容不是事实，也可能用陈述语气：I feel as if as though Im floating on air.他感到好像漂浮在空中。The stuffed dog barked as if it is were, was a real one.玩具狗叫起

7、来像真狗。(2)注意It isnt as if的翻译：It isnt as if he were poor.他不像穷的样子(或他又不穷)。It isnt as if you were going away for good.又不是你离开不回来了。would rather后句子用虚拟语气would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：1一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望Id rather you went tomorrow (now).我宁愿你明天(现在)去。Id rather you came next Saturday.我宁愿你下星期六来。Id rather you

8、were happy.我愿你快乐。Id rather she sat next to me.我宁愿她挨着我坐。Id rather Jack left on an earlier train.我宁愿杰克乘前一班火车走。You always go without me and ld rather you didnt.你总是不带我去，我可不愿意你这样。“Shall I open the window? ” “Id rather you didnt. ”“我要不要把窗子打开? ” “我看不要打开好。”2.用过去完成时表过去的愿望Id rather you hadnt said it.我真希望你没有这样说过。Id rather you hadnt done that.我宁愿你没这样做。ld rather you had been / hadnt been present。我(宁)愿你当时在场/不在场。ld rather he had told / hadnt told me about it我(宁)愿他告诉了/未告诉我这件事。Katie went by car and Id rather she hadnt.凯蒂是坐汽车去的，我宁愿地不坐汽车去。