Module9语法讲解及练习.doc

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1、Module 9 语法讲解及练习语法聚焦 宾语从句一、宾语从句的连接词1连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。eg. He knew （that） he should work hard.2连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。eg. Tom dont know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.He asked me whether or not I was coming.一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whe

2、ther：在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.在介词前：It depends on（依靠） whether it is going to rain.与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.3连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how， 它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。eg. The teacher asked the new students which cla

3、ss he was in.I wonder where he got so much money.【注意】1由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。eg. I dont know how I should do with the presents. = I dont know how to do with the presents.2要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。Can you tell me who（m） do

4、 we have to see?（）Can you tell me who（m） we have to see?（ ）The teacher asked the students what they were doing.（思考: what在从句中的成分）陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。 eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” She said she would leave a message on the desk.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。Eg.

5、“Where are the tickets?” I asked him. I asked him where the tickets are.三、宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受限制；She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.她说她从周一至周五上班。（从句是一般现在时）She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）She say

6、s (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。（从句是现在完成时）如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。eg. I thought （that） you are free today. （）I thought （that） you would be free today. （ ）【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。eg. The teacher told us （that） the earth moves a

7、round the sun.四其他需要说明的问题1标点由主句决定，如主句是陈述句、祈使句，则用句号；是疑问句则用问号。eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall. Can you tell me which bus I should take?2要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。五宾语从句和状语从句的区分eg. 1） I will go out tomorrow if it is fine.2） I dont know if the train has arrived.句1）中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”，修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果明

8、天天气好，我就出去。句2）中if引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词dont know的宾语。整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。判断方法：1可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面（个别除外），宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。2从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether， 词义为“是否”，充当状语从句的连接词时，词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”，充当状语从句的连接词时，意为“当的时候”。3从时态看。if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。if和when充当从属连词时，引导条件

9、和时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。快乐练兵场宾语从句练习一1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3 The students want to know whether th

10、ey_ dictionary today. A. had B. has C. will have D. are4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled宾语从句练习二1 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. wha

11、t C. when D. that2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where3 I hardly understand. _ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who4 She didnt know_ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be5. I dont know _ he still lives here after so many year

12、s. A. whether B where C. what D. when6. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how7. He asked me _told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose宾语从句练习三1. They dont know_their parents are. A that B what C why D which2. Please tell me _what last year. A. where doe

13、s your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked3. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it4. You must remember _. A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother sa

14、id what D. what has your mother said5 Did you know _? A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after6 Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leav

15、e Beijing7. I dont know _.A. what does he like best B. what he like best C. what he does like best D. what he likes best 8. Can you tell me _?A. where she lives B. where does she live C. she lives where D. where she live9. He asked me _. A. what time is it B. what time it is C. what time was it D. w

16、hat time it was10. Do you know _? A. how much did it cost B. how much it did cost C. how much it cost D. how much does it costA QUIZ一、选择题1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. （北京市东城区） A. that B. how C. what D. if 2. I dont know _ Mr. Green

17、will come to see us. He will help us with our English. （杭州市） A. why B. when C. how D. where 3. We never know _ the old man is. They say he is a teacher. （鄂州市） A. what B. who C. which D. where 4. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. （重庆市） A. that how B. how that C. wh

18、en that D. that when 5. Do you know _ ? Im going to see him. Sorry, I dont know. （北京市海淀区） A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 6. W here do you think _ he _ the computer? Sorry, I have no idea. （南京市） A. ; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D.

19、does; buy 7. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. （重庆市） A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what the matter was D. what wrong was 8. Where is Jack? He is away to spend his holiday. Hes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but Im not sure _ . （南昌市） A. that B. which C. where D. th

20、ere9. _ doesnt matter _ you come or not. A. That; whether B. It; whether C. That; if D. It; if10、Every time I heard the other students talking and _, I felt my heart _ A. to laugh; to break B. laugh; break C. laughing; break D. to laugh; breaking11.- Do you often hear Wei Hua _English in his room?-

21、Listen! Now we can hear him _ English in his room. A. read, to read B. reading; reading C. read; reading D. to read; reading12.My school is 2 kilometres _ my home. A. away B. away from C. far away D. far away from二、根据句意及首字母填写单词，注意使用其适当形式：Some of my r_, my aunt and uncle; my grandparents, live in Gui

22、lin.Mr John, can I ask you a _(person) question?Dont talk loudly in _(公共的) places. Its not polite.Betty got many g_ on her 14th birthday.- Sorry, Im late. - It doesnt m_.He goes to work at 7:30 as u_. It seems that the little girl is _（害怕）to tell the true.Dont w_, everything will be all right.三、英汉互译

23、1. 与讲话_ 2. 回电话 _3. 捎口信 _ 4. 别挂断 _5. 现在；此时 _ 6. by the way _7. feel like _ 8. in fact _9. make friends _ 10. next week _10 几年后 12 和平时一样 13私人问题 14害怕做某事四、翻译下列句子1我害怕和任何人交朋友2 我感到心碎了3我感到一种明亮又美好东西的触动。4就在那时，一个男孩走进了教室。5一天又一天的我与班内每个人都越来越亲近。6我可以给你带个口信吗？ Can I _ a _ ? 7. 你能告诉我，你来自哪里吗？ Can you tell me _ _ _ from?8. 事实上，我正在学中文。_ _, Im studying Chinese. - 5 -