2021届高考英语总复习 语言基础知识 Unit1 Lifestyles 北师大版必修1.doc

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1、【创新设计】2015届高考英语总复习 语言基础知识 Unit1 Lifestyles 北师大版必修1必考话题1学校生活()写 作 必 备基础词汇1personality n性格、个性2abundant adj. 丰富的3firstclass adj. 一流的4spare no effort 不遗余力5be accustomed to 习惯于6election n. 选举7make up ones mind 下决心8distinguish oneself 展示自己9live an ideal life 过着理想的生活10get into a bad habit 染上坏习惯提分句型1When fa

2、cing difficulties，I have enough courage to get them over.当遇到困难的事情时，我有足够的勇气克服它们。2I do hope that I could be elected monitor of our class.我的确希望能当选我们班的班长。3Only by reading widely can we gain more knowledge and broaden our horizons.只有博览群书我们才能增长知识开拓视野。美 文 赏 析素材示例(2013天津卷)假设你是某大学的学生李津，你校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席，负责规划、

3、组织俱乐部的相关活动，你欲参选，请按以下提示，写一篇竞选演讲稿。个人优势介绍(如性格、特长等)；组织校内活动的设想(如举办讲座、英语晚会等)；组织校际交流活动的设想(如举办辩论赛、演讲比赛等)；表达当选的愿望。注意：1.词数不少于100；2请勿提及真实学校名称；3可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；4开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：副主席vice president；竞选run forGood afternoon，my dear friends，My name is Li Jin，_Thank you.Good_afternoon，my_dear_friends，My_name_

4、is_Li_Jin，Im very glad to have the chance to run for the vice president of the English Club. Thanks for coming to my election campaign.Im qualified to take the position of the vice president.First，I have strong abilities to organize students and activities.Second，having a good personality，Im serious

5、 when facing work， and I am talented for English language，especially oral English.Last but not least, as the Minister of the English Club I have abundant working experience.If Im elected vice president，Ill hold lectures about English culture，literature or music at least twice a year，and Ill help org

6、anize English evenings and English oral contests as often as possible.I do hope that I could be elected vice president of the English Club.If so，I will spare no effort to serve the members of the club，and help improve our English level.Thank_you.1.when facing work，.是状语从句的省略，完整结构为when Im facing work。

7、模拟Look out for cars when_crossing_the_street.过街时注意车辆。2此处用助动词do加强谓语动词语气。模拟An awful accident did_occur the other day on the expressway.在这条高速路上前几天的确发生了一次可怕的事故。3If so，.如果这样的话，是If I could be elected vice president of the English club的简略表达方式。模拟He may be busy. If_so，Ill visit him later.他可能很忙，如果这样的话，我以后再采访他

8、。.核心单词1_(vi.)要紧，重要；有重大关系(n.)物质，问题；毛病2_(vt.)认为，猜想，假定，假设_(conj.)假设，假定让3reduce (vt.&vi.)减少，降低，缩小_(同义词)(v.)减少，缩减_(反义词)(v.)增加4_(vt.)转换，转变(n.)开关5_(adj.)轻松的，放松的_(vt.& vi.)放松_(adj.)松懈的；放松的6_(adj.)充满压力的，紧张的_(n.)压力_(n.)压力(同义词)7_(adj.)急迫的，紧急的_(n.)紧急；催促8_(adj.)厌烦的，不感兴趣的_(adj.)令人厌烦的；无聊的_(n.)厌烦；无聊9_(vi.)遭受(痛苦)，感到

9、疼痛_(n.)苦难；受苦10_(vt.)组织_(n.)组织_(n.)组织者_(n.)器官；机构11_(vt.)更喜欢；宁愿_(n.)喜好，偏爱12_(vi.)毕业_(n.)毕业13_(vt.& n)支持；支撑_(n.)支持者；拥护者14_(n.)广告_(v.)做广告_(n.)登广告的人15_(vt.)忍耐，忍受；站立(n.)支架答案1.matter2.suppose；supposing3.reduce；decrease；increase4.switch5.relaxing；relax；relaxed6.stressful；stress；pressure7.urgent；urgency8bore

10、d；boring；boredom9.suffer；suffering10.organise；organisation；organiser；organ11.prefer；preference12.graduate；graduation13.support；supporter14.advertisement；advertise；advertiser15.stand词不离句，句不离段Since my graduation，I have been working in an organization to deal with peoples complaints about their persona

11、l affairs and most of them are urgent and Im really bored with it.Supposing you are an expert about it，tell me how I can have a switch in thought，reduce my stress and get relaxed.重点短语1把开关打开，接通_2转换频道，转变 _3把关掉，关上 _4(铃、爆竹等)响 _5占据 _6此刻，目前 _7数年间 _8想出(计划、办法等) _9play a role/part in _10as well as _11look fo

12、rward to _12make a difference _13be filled with _14suffer from _15make sure _答案1.switch on2.switch over3.switch off4.go off5.take up6.at the moment7.over the years 8come up with9.在中起作用10.除之外还；既又11.盼望，期望12.有影响；重要；起作用；要紧13.充满着14.忍受，遭受15.弄清，查明小试身手，聚焦短语A few minutes later the bomb went_off,_destroying t

13、he whole building.I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldnt want to take_up too much of your time.She couldnt come_up_with a solution to the problem, so she turned to me for help.I hear that song whenever I switch_on the radio.We all feel it is Jack as_well_as his wife that is to blame for

14、 their sons bad behaviour at school.经典句式1I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.我总是带着我的手提电视，我在石墙上坐着，而我的狗围着转圈。解读while引导的并列句(while表转折对比)模拟Some people waste food_(然而一些人却吃不饱)2I am always the first person to get to the office.我总是第一个到达公办室的人。解读序数词名词不定

15、式作后置定语模拟Wang Yaping is_(第一位太空授课的女教师)in the world.3I find painting or drawing very relaxing.我发现画画让人很放松。解读find宾语形容词作宾语补足语模拟Most people at home and abroad_(发现习近平和蔼可亲值得信赖)4Usually, its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。解读so.that.引导的结果状语从句模拟China has made_(如此大的成就)that everyone i

16、n China feels proud.5We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我们和这个城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。解读the same.that.“和一样”，定语从句中that所指代的人或物与先行词是同一个。模拟Our English teacher wore_(同一件衣服)he did yesterday.答案1.while others havent enough food to eat2.the first woman teacher to teach in space3.

17、find Xi Jinping kind and reliable4.so great an achievement5.the same clothes that.必背句法现在时态：一般现在时/现在进行时；将来时态：表安排/表意图用所给词的适当形式填空1She _(visit) her parents every day, which makes her parents satisfied.2The plane_(take) off at 11：30 and _(arrive) in Shanghai at 1：20 according to the timetable.3People _(l

18、ie) on the beach, having a sunbath.4Dr.Smith, together with his daughters，_(be) going to visit Beijing this summer.5Teenagers_(damage) their health because they play computer games too much.答案1.visits2.takes；arrives3.are lying4.is5are damaging条分缕析，步步为营单句改错Hurry up.The plane will take off at 10 am._M

19、y teacher told us the sun rose in the east and set in the west._If you will put the baby down，he will cry loudly._Look！A boy will read out his composition to his classmates._Its said that he comes to see you next week._答案will taketakesroserises；setsets去掉第一个willwill readis readingcomeswill come或is co

20、ming词 汇 精 解matter vi.要紧，重要；有重大关系n.物质；问题；毛病(教材原句)As long as I get good marks in my tests, it doesnt matter if I can speak English or not.只要我能在考试中得高分，我是否会讲英语并不重要。(1)It doesnt matter.没关系。It matters/doesnt matter(to sb)主语从句(对某人来说)有关系，重要/无关系，不重要(2)a matter of.(是)一个的问题to make matters worse(whats worse)更糟糕

21、的是Given that many peoples moods(情绪)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine.(2013全国卷，C)鉴于巧克力中化学成分可以调整人的情绪，直到有人使巧克力店类似中医药店这也许只是个时间问题。_ if I miss my train, because theres

22、another one later.我这次如果误了火车也没有关系，因为稍后还有一趟车。And _，its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.(2013山东卷，D)让事情更糟的是，它的新主人没有打算给它需要的资金。答案It doesnt matter (to me)to make matters worsesuppose vt.认为，猜想(教材原句)Mmmm and my life is very stressful, I suppose.嗯，我认为我的生活很有压力。(1)suppose sb/sth(to be).认

23、为某人/某事be supposed to do应该做(2)I suppose so./I suppose not.(I dont suppose so.)我想是这样/我想不会的。(3)suppose/supposing(that)假使；假定While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car.(2013山东卷，A)在等公交车到他去接受面试的办公室的时候，他看见一个老人疯狂地踢他车

24、的轮胎。Will Liu Xiang attend the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio？刘翔会参加2016年里约奥运会吗？Yes, I suppose so.我想会的。(No, I suppose not./I dont suppose so.我想不会。)_，will we still go to the supermarket？假如下雨，我们还去超市吗？答案Suppose/Supposing (that) it rainsswitch vt.转换，转变n.开关，闸，转换器(教材原句)Then I get up, go downstairs and switch on

25、the TV in the living room.然后我起床，下楼并且打开起居室的电视。(1)switch(2)make a switch进行改变Please ensure that all the lights are switched off at night.夜间请务必将所有的灯关掉。As the new term has begun, we must_our studies.新学期已经开始，我们应当把注意力转移到学业上来。答案switch our attention tosuffer vi.& vt.感到疼痛；遭受(痛苦)(教材原句)When do students suffer f

26、rom stress?学生们何时经受压力？(1)suffer from/for受之苦；患疾病suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains遭受打击/失败/损失/痛苦(2)suffering n痛苦，苦难Yi Jianlian suffered hard pains because of his injured leg.易建联因为腿伤而遭受了极大痛苦。Not only can the environment of a country _the sudden growth of tourism.(2013江西卷，D)不仅环境要受一个国家突然增长的旅游业的影响。答案su

27、ffer fromprefer vt.更喜欢，宁愿(like.better)(教材原句)I prefer meeting people in small groups, you know.你知道，我比较喜欢和少部分人会面。(1)prefer doing/to do sth更喜欢做某事prefer sth to sth喜欢胜过prefer sb to do sth宁愿某人做某事(2)prefer doing sth to doing sthprefer to do.rather than (to) do.would do.rather than do.would rather do.than d

28、o.宁愿做而不愿做(3)have a preference for.偏爱 In Mexico, lunch is a time to relax, and many people prefer not to discuss business as they eat.(2012安徽卷任务型读写)在墨西哥，午饭是放松的时间，并且许多人不喜欢在吃饭时谈论公事。He prefers to stay at home rather than travel.He prefers _ at home to travelling.He _ at home rather than travel.He _ at h

29、ome than travel.他宁愿呆在家里也不愿去旅行。答案staying；would stay；would rather staystand忍耐，忍受(常用于否定句)(教材原句)I really love playing the piano, but I cant stand singing in front of the class.我真的喜欢弹钢琴，但是我却无法忍受在全班同学面前唱歌。(1)cant stand doing sth不能忍受做(相当于cant bear doing sth)(2)stand I never could stand people telling me wh

30、at to do.我决不忍受别人告诉我怎么去做。Yao Ming stood out among the players and I could pick him out easily.姚明在运动员中很显眼，我很容易地就能认出他来。support vt.& n支持；支撑(教材原句)His idea to organise a big party has won support from his friends.他要组织一次派对的想法得到了朋友的支持。观察句子，写出下列黑体部分的含义He must work very hard in order to support his large fami

31、ly._He supported himself by means of nearby post._His support is vital for our project._support a family/oneself养家糊口/自谋生计support sb to do sth支持某人做某事give/lend/offer support to sb支持某人obtain/win/get support from.赢得的支持/拥护in support of.支持/拥护The protection of wildlife and the creation of national parks go

32、 hand in hand with tourist development and in fact _ tourist companies.(2013江西卷，D)保护野生动物、建立国家公园去与旅游同步发展，而事实上这样也能从旅游公司获得金融支持。答案养活，维持支撑支持，帮助obtain financial support fromgo off (铃、爆竹等)响；爆炸；离开；(食物等)变坏；变差；不再喜欢(教材原句)I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.我通常在闹钟响之前五分钟的时候就醒了。观察

33、句子，写出下列黑体部分的含义The guard loosened the dogs when the burglar alarm went off._Dont go off without saying goodbye._Meat goes off quickly in hot weather._Ive gone off tea.Please give me some coffee._go _your homework carefully before you hand it in.把你的作业仔细检查后再上交。答案铃响离开食物等变坏不再喜欢Go overtake up占据(时间/空间)；从事；

34、继续；拿起(教材原句)Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day.会议和电话占据了一天中的大部分时间。观察句子，写出下列黑体部分的含义She took up the receiver and began to dial the number._When did you take up Japanese as a second foreign language？_Visiting grandfather will take up the whole of Sunday._take in吸收；收留；欺骗；领会take on雇用；

35、承担(工作、责任)；呈现take off去掉；脱掉；起飞；(事业)腾飞take down记下，写下；拆掉take over接管Our football team will _ a new coach from this season.我们的足球队将从这个赛季雇用一名新的教练。Who do you think will _ Wang Zhizhi after he retires?你认为王治郅退役后谁将接替他？答案拿起开始从事占据(时间)take ontake over句 式 诠 释(教材原句)I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone

36、 wall while the dog walks round in a circle.我总是随身携带手提电视，坐在石墙上，而小狗则在我身边绕圈。此处while是并列连词，意为“然而；可是”，表示一种强烈的转折对比关系。while还有其他几种用法：(1)表让步，意为“尽管，虽然”，相当于although或though，常用于句首。(2)表时间，意为“当的时候，在期间”，从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。(3)表条件，意为“只要”，相当于as/so long as，通常只引起肯定句。While Ye Shiwen is a young girl, she has won several gold m

37、edals.虽然叶诗文是一个年轻姑娘，但她已获得了几枚金牌。While there is water, there is life.只要有水的地方就有生命。An American shakes your hand firmly _ you straight in the eye.(2012安徽卷任务型读写)美国人在直视你的时候还会使劲握你的手。答案while looking(教材原句)Usually, its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。(1)soadj./adv.that从句soadj.a(n)单数名

38、词that从句somany/few复数名词that从句somuch/little(少)不可数名词that从句(2)sucha(n)adj.单数可数名词that从句suchadj.复数名词that从句suchadj.不可数名词that从句Bi Fujian is so humorous that we all like him.毕福剑是如此幽默以至于我们大家都喜欢他。These are such small shoes that I cant wear them.这些鞋太小了，我不能穿。I have had _ Im black and blue all over.我摔了那么多跤以致浑身青一块紫

39、一块的。It was _ we stayed at home all the day.天气如此差以至于我们一整天待在家里。答案so many falls thatsuch bad weather that【特别提醒】 将so短语、such短语放在句首，要用部分倒装句。So hard does he work that he finishes his project ahead of time.他工作如此努力以致他提前完成了计划。对 点 题 组.用所给词的适当形式填空1Where can you hide，_(suppose) you are able to escape from the po

40、lice？2.A teacher shouldnt show_(prefer) for anyone of his pupils.3When the clock struck twelve, I_(switch) off TV and went to bed.4Your _ (supporter) has meant a lot to me during this difficult time.5The boy was_(suffer) from an ear infection, which made his mother worried.答案1.supposing2.preference3

41、.switched4.support5.suffering.用适当的介词或副词填空1In Africa，there are a lot of children suffering_hunger.2You drive first and then we can switch_.3Fish soon goes_in this hot weather.4_a matter of fact，I have never been there before.5Qu Wantings talent stood _in comparison with the others.6Doing science exer

42、cises often takes_most of the students spare time.7I prefer writing a term paper_taking an examination.8Only a few people spoke_support of the proposal.答案1.from2.over3.off4.As5.out6.up7.to8.in.完成句子1他是我们学校第一个买宝马车的人。He is the first person_a BMW in our school.2东南部雨量充足，而西北部则很少下雨。Theres plenty of rain in the southeast，_.3这就是我前几天丢的那辆电动车。This is _ electric bike _ I lost