北京市2021-2022学年各区高三英语一模试题阅读表达专项汇编.docx

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1、北京市2021-2022学年各区高三英语一模试题阅读表达专项汇编 专题05阅读表达 北京市东城区2021-2022学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）Its after midnight and youve been studying all day. Empty energy drinks line the table and you sigh, Tomorrow, Im getting ice cream. I deserve to treat myself.”This year, the so-called “treat yourself culture has expanded far b

2、eyond what was once a reward-based mindset. Now, “treating yourself1 has become more about stress-caused indulgence （放纵）.It represents the more deep-seated issues with the stress we regularly put ourselves under.The root of the problem lies in our belief that we should be doing more work if it isnt

3、hard enough. Especially at a top university, I constantly find myself wanting to do more. I want more credits, a higher-grade point average, and more responsibilities ril later use as conversation topics in interviews. This drive is by no means a bad thing. We all are trying to eventually land in a

4、place where we can relax and live a more enjoyable life. However, there are a lot of problems with this logic. Without sounding completely hopeless and pessimistic, it is possible that the future we imagine in our twenties will not become reality. Therefore, it is important to integrate things that

5、make us happy with work, school or life-induced stress.Psychology certainly supports this belief. While having good self-control was positively associated with happiness, being able to enjoy lifes little pleasures without feeling ashamed of doing so is just as important. For example, even if you hav

6、e abusy schedule of work, make time to stop by your favorite coffee shop or spend ten minutes to go on a walk outdoors.I cannot urge you to give up your late nights of studying, energy drinks and all. I cannot tell you to always choose to do something that makes you happy over something you have or

7、should do. Frankly, this is just not the way lifeworks. We have to put up with the hard work and put in the time. Without pain, wed also lose happiness and joy. Its all about balance.43. Besides synaesthesia, what do you think are some other ways to improve yourmemory? (In about 40 words)北京市房山区2021-

8、2022学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）The Chinese capital, the first city in the world to host the summer and the winter Olympic Games, has come up with innovative high-tech standards for Beijing 2022, delivering Chinas promise to hold a “simple, safe and splendid event.As the Winter Olympic Games continue in China,

9、some of the different technologies are being used in Beijing. Journalists reporting on the Winter Olympics are offered the chance to sleep on the job thanks to the high-tech cabins （房舱）at the Beijing media centre. The 20 sleep rest cabins were developed by Chinas Keeson Technology Corp, and with a s

10、imple scan of their phones, journalists can use them for power naps for up to an hour.The spacious cabins are equipped with the same type of beds provided for the athletes. The smart beds with sensors can collect information on things like breathing and heart rates. Users can adjust the position of

11、the beds, which have a massage setting, by using a remote control or their phone. The beds also have controls to permit users to choose different sleeping positions, including one called ”zero gravity”, which is especially designed for the Beijing Winter Games. Raising the head 15 degrees and legs b

12、y 35 degrees is beneficial for blood circulation and able to help the users to relieve stress and get a good night sleep. So far, thirty to forty people a day have used the cabins at the Beijing media centre. The cabins are fully cleaned after each use.The sleep rest cabins are just one of a number

13、of innovations at the Games. The city has gone to great lengths to make the Winter Olympics a smart sports experience.44. According to the passage, what high-tech equipment is provided to journalists at the Beijing media centre?45. How do you understand the underlined part “power naps in the second

14、paragraph?46. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.The smart beds have many functions, such as treating breathing and heart diseases, providing massage setting and permitting zero gravity sleeping position.47. There are many other high-tech

15、products used in our daily life. Please introduce another high-tech product. (In about 40 words)北京市延庆区2021-2022学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）In life, once on a path, we tend to follow it, fbr better or worse. Whats sad is that even if its the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are used to th

16、e way things are that we dont even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works-and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap:People are given a box of tacks （大头钉）and some

17、 matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly. Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax （石蜡）.The tacks are too short, and the candle doesnt fasten to the wall. So how can you accomplish the task? The

18、 successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it.To think of that, you have to look beyond the boxs usual role as a container just for tacks and reimagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because w

19、e all suffer-to one degree or anotherfrom functional fixedness. The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arend coined the phrase frozen thoughts to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendts eyes, th

20、e complacent reliance on such accepted truths” also made people blind to ideas that didnt fit their worldview, even when there was ample evidence for them. Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said, It can be found in highly intelligent people.”Another context in which frozen thi

21、nking can turn truly dangerous is medicine. If you land in the hospital, its natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff. But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association （JAMA）, youd be better off being treated by the relative novices.40

22、. What does functional fixedness mean?41. How is the candle attached to the wall?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people as well as those with highIQ although frozen thinking has much to do wi

23、th intelligence.43. How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life? (In about 40 words)北京市平谷区2021.2022学年度第二学期高三综合练习(一)LEGO Works to Make Bricks from Recycled PlasticThe LEGO Group has been working on a way to make LEGO bricks out of recycled plastic. The bricks arent ready yet, but the company

24、 says its making progress. Making bricks from recycled materials could cut pollution from the companys bricks by 70%.Many people are familiar with LEGOs. Developed in Denmark, the plastic building toys have been around since the 1950s.The toys click together firmly, allowing users to build things th

25、at dont fall apart easily. The company calls this ability to hold tightly clutch power”.Since roughly 1960, LEGO bricks have been made from a kind of plastic called ABS.ABS plastic makes LEGO bricks very tough, and gives them great clutch power, over and over again.Sadly, ABS plastic cant really be

26、recycled, and it takes a very long time to break down. Thafs a big problem. The world is struggling with a huge plastic waste problem. And LEGO makes about 11() billion bricks every year.But since 2015, LEGO has been making an effort to make their products more earth-friendly. Three years ago, the c

27、ompany began making some LEGO parts, like trees, out of a plastic made from sugar cane. Recently, LEGO started using paper bags instead of plastic to reduce packaging.But making bricks out of recycled plastic is a big challenge. The goal is to make bricks out of PET plastic, which is softer than ABS

28、 plastic and can be found in things like bottles and clothing. A recycled one-liter plastic bottle could make about 10 2x4 LEGO bricks.Over the past three years, the company has tested over 250 different ways of creating LEGO bricks from recycled plastic. A team of more than 150 people are working o

29、n the problem. Tim Brooks, who focuses on environmental responsibility at LEGO, says that experimenting and failing is “an important part of learning”.Now, the company says theyve found a way to make a good 2x4 brick from PET.One important step was finding a way of adding things to PET plastic to ma

30、ke it tougher and give it better clutch power like ABS.“We know kids care about the environment/9 said Mr. Brooks. Even though it will be a while before they will be able to play with bricks made from recycled plastic, we want to let kids know were working on it.”40. What is the benefit of making LE

31、GO bricks from recycled materials for LEGO Company?41. What is clutch power?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.LEGO wants to make bricks out of PET plastic, because PET plastic is earth friendly and it gives LEGO bricks better clutch p

32、ower than ABS.43. As a student, how can we contribute to a green environment? (In about 40 words)So, instead of looking at everything as a way to handle the stress and something to treat myself： lets try to make treating ourselves a far more common practice in the busy lives we lead.40 . What causes

33、 the so-called treat yourself culture”？41 .What does “this logic” in Paragraph 3 refer to?42 .Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why working hard plays a more important role in a happy life than enjoying life*s little pleasures.43 . Are you a follower of

34、“treat yourself culture? Why or why not? （In about 40 words）北京市西城区2021-2022学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）What makes some people incapable of apologizing even when theyre clearly in the wrong?People who cannot apologize often have deep feelings of low self-worth. When their delicate ego （白我）cannot absorb the blow

35、of admitting they were wrong, their defense mechanisms kick inthey may place blame and even argue about basic facts to prevent the threat of having to lower themselves by offering an apology.Unfortunately, many of us mistakenly interpret these peoples defensiveness as a sign of psychological strengt

36、h. That*s because outwardly they appear to be tough individuals who refuse to back down. But this doesnt show that theyre strong-it shows that theyre weak.Admitting that we*re wrong is emotionally uncomfortable and painful to our sense of self. In order to take responsibility and apologize, our self

37、-worth needs to be strong enough to absorb that discomfort. Indeed, if our self-worth is higher and more stable, we can tolerate the temporary discomfort that such an admission involves-without the walls around our ego falling down.But if our self-worth is seemingly high but actually breakable, that

38、 discomfort can go through our defensive walls and score a direct hit to our ego. Indeed, the more fixed ones defense mechanisms are, the more delicate the ego theyre protecting.The mistake we often make when faced with someone whos habitually incapable of apologizing is to become angry and try to w

39、in our argument with them. But the sad reality is that we can never win. In these situations, the best we can do is make our points as calmly and as convincingly as we can and then disengage from the argument when it becomes unproductive-like when they disagree with the facts, come up with silly exc

40、uses or turn to mean remarks:40 .Why cant some people apologize?41 . What do many people mistakenly think of a non-apologizefs defensiveness?42 .Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.When you are trying to win an argument with a non-apologize

41、r, the best way is to express your anger and make your point as calmly and convincingly as possible.43 . In addition to what is mentioned in the passage, what else can you do if your friend refuses to apologize to you? (In about 40 words)北京市海淀区2021-2022学年度第二学期高三综合练习(一)You might not have heard of the

42、 nfresh start effect0, but if you*ve ever made a New Years resolution, youre familiar with it. It refers to the human tendency to take action towards achieving a goal after a special occasion or key date has passed.The fresh start effect is simple. Most people want to improve themselves in some way.

43、 When we hit important milestones, were often likely to reflect: are we where we thought wed be by a certain age? Was this year a successful year, or did we waste it? Annual landmarks like birthdays, or the start of a new year, signify a new time period and an opportunity to leave slip-ups behind an

44、d to set new goals for better behavior.Research shows that anticipation of a new beginning is a key motivator for the fresh start effect. For example, people aged 29, 39, 49 etc. were 48% more likely to run a marathon for the first time. When they were approaching a new decade, they were more likely

45、 to search for meaning in their lives and try to improve themselves. The reason is simple. When we see our past self as separate from our current self, we feel it easier to introduce new goals and take action.Whats interesting about the fresh start effect is that we dont need to wait for big milesto

46、nes to take advantage of this sudden dose of motivation. Studies show that the first day of each month and even each week can also inspire us. These days, known as temporal landmarks11, encourage us to step back and evaluate our current situation. And when we do this, we gain the motivation to be be

47、tter: we become more driven and more productive. That is why people are more likely to start diets or exercise plans on Monday, rather than the next day.Fresh starts are exciting opportunities to learn from your mistakes and move forward. So if youre currently experiencing loss of motivation, questi

48、oning the meaning of your work, or just feel like youre stuck in a rut, why dont you use the fresh start effect in your own life?40. According to the passage, what is nfresh start effect!?41. Why is it that anticipation of a new beginning is a key motivator fbr the fresh start effectn?42. Please dec

49、ide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.A fresh start like the first day of each week is a time when we forget about our mistakes and move forward.43. Besides the fresh start effect, in what other ways do you motivate yourself in your life? (In about 40 words)北京市朝阳区202L2022学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）Many parents are watchful about their kids use