初中英语人教版八年级下册《知识点》整理.docx

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1、八年级英语下册知识点Unit1 Whats the matter?【短语归纳】1.too much 太多2.liedown 躺下3.get an X-ray 做个X光检查4.take one s temperature 量体温5.put some medicine on .在.上敷药6.have a fever 发烧7.take breaks/take a break 休息8.without thinking twice 没多想9.get off 下车10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院11.wait for等待12.to ones surprise 使.惊讶的1

2、3.thanks to多亏于；由于14.in time及时15.think about 考虑16.havea heart problem患有心脏病17.get into the trouble 遇到麻烦18.do the right thing 做正确的事情事情19.fall down 摔倒20.put . on sth把.放在某物上21.get hit/sunburned 摔伤/烧伤22.be interested in 对.感兴趣23.be used to 习惯于.24.take risks/take a risk 挑战25.lose oneslife 失去生命26.because of

3、因为27.run out of 用完28.cut off 切除29.get out of 从.出来30.make adecision/decisions 做决定31.be in control of 掌管；管理32.give up 放弃【用法归纳】1.need to do sth .需要去做某事2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事5.agree to do sth 同意做某事6.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事7.want to do sth 想要做某事8.

4、tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难10.use sth to do sth用某物去做某事11.be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事12.seem to do sth 好像做某事13.keep on doing sth 继续做某事14.mind doing sth 介意做某事【语法点】1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法2.情态动词should的用法3.不定代词的用法【精细解读】1. Whats thematter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？Whats the

5、 trouble/ the problem /wrong with sb./ sth.?2. I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu 感冒have afever 发烧have a cough 咳嗽have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼have a toothache 牙疼have a headache 头疼3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachache 胃疼head+ache=headache 头疼tooth+ache=toothache 牙疼back+ache=

6、backache 后背痛4. much too+形容词或副词，意为太。，too much+不可数名词，意为太多。5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名词后，形副后。good enough足够好，enough money足够的钱6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.8. sound like+名词代词和从句：I

7、t sounds like you dont know thetruth.It sounds like agood idea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The musicsounds nice.9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车）

8、 get on 上车11. agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事agree to do ，同意某人的看法、观点agree with sb。12. trouble问题，麻烦；be in trouble 陷入困境,make trouble 制造麻烦,have trouble(in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth 做某事有困难。13. right away=right now=at once，意为 立刻，马上 。14. run out用完，用尽When his water run out, he knew thathe would have

9、to do something to save his own life.物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。人sb. run out of sth.人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.15. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事take a risk=take risks 冒险16. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性We students should know the importance of (learning) English.importance n. 重

10、要（性），important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的17. decision 【名词】决定；抉择；make a decision 做决定18. be in the control of 掌管，管理The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control无法控制，无法管理【重点语法】【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。用在某些固定短语当中。如：look after oneself / take care ofonesel

11、f 照顾自己teach oneself sth./ learn sth. byoneself自学enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快help oneself to sth 请自用（随便吃/喝些）.hurt oneself摔伤自己say to oneself自言自语leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下buy oneself sth.给自己买东西introduce oneself 介绍自己【提醒】1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I mysel

12、f can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用ones own.如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）Im drawing with myself crayons. (正) Im drawing with my own crayons.Unit2 Ill help to clean the city parks【短语归纳】1.clean up 打扫干净2.cheerup （使）变得更高兴；振奋起来3.give ou

13、t 分发4.used to 曾经.；过去.5.give away 赠送；捐赠6.set up 建立；设立7.make a difference有作为e up with 想出9.put off 推迟10.put up 张贴11.call up 打电话给12.help out 帮助.摆脱困难13.care for 照顾；照看14.giveup 放弃15.try out for 参加选拔e true 实现17.run out of 用光18.take after 与.相像19.fix up 修理20.be similiar to 与.相似【用法归纳】1.need to do sth 需要做某事2.m

14、ake plan to do sth 制定计划做某事3.ask sb (not ) to do sth 要求某人（不要）做某事4.used to dosth 过去常常做某事5.decide to do sth 决定做某事6.help sb(to)do sth 帮助某人做某事7.makea difference to 对.产生影响8.make itpossible for sb to do sth 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的【拓展链接】1.动词+副词短语cheer up 使高兴起来clean up 打扫干净put up 张贴mix up 修理give away 赠送give out 分发giv

15、e up 放弃use up用光get up 起床hand in 上交put off 推迟pick up 捡起think over 仔细思考turn down 关小音量set up 建立set off 出发look out 小心2.动词+介词短语look after 照顾belong to 属于take after 与.相像hear from 收到.来信hear of 听说pay for 支付wait for 等待3.动词+副词+介词 短语get out of 避免come up with 想出catch up with 追上赶上look forward to 期待盼望go on with 继续

16、4.动词+名词 短语have a rest 休息一下take a walk 散步make mistakes 犯错have a try 试一下take place 发生tell a lie 撒谎make a decision 做决定5.动词+名词+介词短语have a lookat 看一看make a friend with 与.交朋友pay attentionto 注意make fun of 取笑6.Be+形容词+介词短语be late for 迟到be angry with 生气be fond of 喜欢be good at 擅长be good for 对.有好处be short of 缺乏

17、be similiar to与.相似be strict with 对.严格要求be poundof 骄傲自豪【语法点】动词不定式归纳只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词决心学会有希望（ decide,learn,wish,hope）同意计划莫假装（agree,plan,pretend）忘记拒绝会失望（forget,refuse,fail）准备设法来帮忙（prepare,try,manage,help）提供请求负担起（offer,beg,afford）记得阻止理应当（remember stop,be supposed）Unit3 Could you please clean your room?【短语归纳

18、】1.do the dishes 洗餐具2.take out the trash 倒垃圾3.at least 至少4.throw down扔下5.all the time 一直；反复6.in surprise 惊讶地7.as soon as 一.就.8.spend.on.在.花费（时间、金钱、精力）9. in order to 为了10.provide sth for sb 向某人提供某物11.depend on 依赖；信赖12.look after 照顾；照看13.take care of 照顾14.as a result 结果【用法归纳】1.finish doing sth 做完某事2.w

19、ant sb to do sth 想要某人做某事3.try (not) to do sth 尽力（不）做某事4.let sb do sth 让某人做某事5.spend.(in) doing sth 花费.做某事6.mind doing sth 介意做某事7.learn to do sth 学习做某事8.learn how to do sth 学习怎样做某事9.The +比较级，the+比较级 越.，就越.【语法点】情态动词could 的用法表示请求与准许，could 委婉有礼貌；表示能力会不会，could只把过去表Unit4 why dont you talk to your parents?

20、【短语归纳】1.too much太多（修饰不可数名词）2.hangout 闲逛3.too many 太多（修饰可数名词复数）4.get into a fight 争吵5.call sb up 给某人打电话6.talk about 谈论7.look through 浏览8.give back 归还9.be angry with sb 生某人的气10.a big deal 重要的事情11.work out 解决；算出12.get on with sb 与某人和睦相处municate with sb 与某人交流14.be worried about 担心.15.be afraid of 害怕.16.

21、in front of在.前面17.not. any more 不再.18.so much/many 那么多pete with sb 与某人竞争20.cut out 删除；删去21.all kinds of 各种各样pare.with.比较；对比23.in ones opinion 依.看24.turn down 调小【用法归纳】1.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事2.why dont you do sth?为什么不做某事呢？3.why not do sth ?为什么不做某事呢？4.find sb doing sth 发现某人在做某事5.tell sb to do sth

22、告诉某人做某事6.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事7.let sb do sth 让某人做某事8.offer to do sth 主动提供做某事9.not.until.直到.才.10.itstime to do sth 该做某事了11.it +adj+to do sth 做某事是.的12.keep on doing sth 继续做某事13.what do you think of.?你认为.怎么样？【语法点】1.Why dont you+V.?等提出建议的句型及常用的答语2.连词until,so that 以及although 引导的状语从句Unit5 what were you

23、doing when the rainstorm came?【短语归纳】1.wait for 等待2.look for 寻找3.go off (闹铃）发出声音4.take a shower 洗澡5.pick up 接电话；捡起6.make sure 确信；务必7.have fun 玩的开心8.fall asleep入睡；睡觉9.die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失10.wake up 醒来；叫醒11.in a mess 乱七八糟12.take photos 照相13.turn on 打开14.in silence 沉默地；无声地15.take down摧毁；拆卸；记下16.tell the t

24、ruth 说实话17.point out 指出18.go away 消失19.as well 也【用法归纳】1.be busy doing sth/be busy with sth 忙于（做）某事2.see sb /sth doing sth 看见某人或某物正在做某事3.begin/start to do sth 开始做某事4.try to do sth 努力去做某事5.have trouble（in）doing sth做某事有困难【语法点】过去进行时过去进行最好记，was/were+doing特定时间有暗示，过去某刻某时段肯定主语在句首，一般问句Be提前否定句式更简单，Be后只把not添Un

25、it6 An old man tried to move the mountains【短语归纳】1.work on 从事2.as soon as 一.就.3.take.away 拿走，带走4.a good way to do sth 做某事的好方法5.a little bit 一点儿6.once upon a time 从前7.turn.into.变成e out出现，出版，结果是9.get married 结婚10.fall in love with sb 爱上某人11.be born 出生12.all over the world全世界13.make a plan to do sth 制定计

26、划做某事14.along theway 沿路15.be lost 迷路16find out 找出17.learn about 了解【用法归纳】1.try to do sth 设法做某事2.finishdoing sth 完成做某事3.continue to do sth 继续做某事4.make sb do sth 让某人做某事5.keep doing sth 一直做某事6.instead of doing sth 代替做某事7.be able to do能够做某事8.It takes/took.to do sth 花费.做某事9.have no time to do sth 没有时间做某事10

27、.become interested in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣11.cant stop doing sth 禁不住做某事12.hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事13.lead sb to somewhere 引导某人到某处14.leave sth at/in somewhere 把某物遗忘在某地 15.show sb sth 向某人展示某物【语法点】1.unless引导的条件状语从句2.so.that.引导的结果状语从句3.as soon as 引导的时间状语从句Unit7 whats the highest mountain in the world?【短

28、语归纳】1.take in 吸入；吞入2.in the face of 面对（问题；困难）3.at birth 出生时4.as you can see 正如你所看到的5.as far as I know 据我所知6.up to 直到7.prepare .for.为.准备.8.fall over 摔倒9.die from 死于.10.cut down 砍倒11.take care of 照顾；照看12.or so 大约；左右13.in danger 处于危险之中【用法归纳】1.any other+名词单数 其他任何一个.2.feel free to ask sb sth on . 就.随意问某人

29、某事3.one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最.的.之一4.whats the+形容词最高级+名词 in the world?世界上最.的.是什么？5.protect.from/against.保护.使不受；防御6.succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事7.teach sb about sth 教某人有关.内容8.send sb to do sth 派某人去做某事9.There be sb/sth doing.有某人/物正在做某事【语法点】1.数词 hundred,thousand,million,billion 的用法2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级用法比较级

30、变化规则比较等级要变化，一般词尾加-er词尾若有哑音e，直接加r就可以一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写辅音字母加y结尾，要把y改i加erUnit8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?【短语归纳】1.be full of 充满2.grow up 长大3.hurry up赶快4.bring back to sw 带回到某地5.more than 超过6.in the middle of 在.中间7.fight over 为.争吵；争斗8. think about 考虑e to realize 开始意识到10.ever since then 从那时起11.a kind

31、 of 一种12.such as 例如13.belong to 属于14.find out 找出；查出15.at the end of the day 在一天结束的时候16.be famousfor 因为.而出名17. leave behind 遗忘；留下18.the importance of moneyand success 金钱和成功的重要性【用法归纳】1.finish doing sth 完成做某事2.arrive at/insw 到达某地3.learn to do sth学习做某事4.see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事5.name sb sth 给某人取名为.6.t

32、each sb sth 教某人某事7.use sth to do 用某物做某事8.love to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事9.cant wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事10.be kind to sb 对某人友好11.hope to do sth 希望做某事12.have time to do sth 有时间做某事13have nothingto do 没什么事情可做【语法点】现在完成时是过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成，对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去。它的构成是：主语+助动词(have/has)+动词的过去分词（have/has done）。Unit9 Ha

33、ve you ever been to a museum?【短语归纳】1.have a great time 玩的开心2.put up 搭建；支起3.in such a rapid way 用如此快速的方式4.be able to do sth 能够做某事5.a couple of 少数；几个6. on the other hand 另一方面7.three quarters 四分之三8.whether.or. 不管.还是.9.wake up 醒来10.allyear round 一年到头，终年11.close to 靠近【用法归纳】1.a great way to do sth 一个做某事的好

34、方法2.watch sb to do sth 观看某人做了某事3.Its unbelievable that.很难相信.4.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事5. have problem (in）doing sth 做某事很费劲6.as.as. 和.一样7.the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间8.choose to do sth 选择做某事9.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事【语法点】现在完成时区分：has/have been to 、has/have gone to 和has/have been inUnit10Iv

35、had this bike for three years【短语归纳】1.how long 多长，多长时间2.not.any more 不再.3.welcome to.欢迎到.4.check out 察看5.at first 起初6. no longer 不再；不复7.as for .至于.8.to be honest 说实在的9.search for 寻找10.across from 在.对面11.according to依据；按照12.in ones opinion 依.看13.in order to 为了【用法归纳】1.Its+adj（+for sb)+to do sth (对某人来说）做某事是.2.decide to do sth 决定做某事3.have been in+地点在某处待了多久5.hope to do sth 希望做某事7.one of+the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+V单数 最.的.之一是.8.used to do sth 过去常常做某事9.need to do sth 需要做某事【语法点】现在完成时1.since 和for 引导状语的区别2.延续性动词和瞬间动词瞬间动词转为为延续动词表12