2022年初三英语被动语态精讲精炼 .pdf

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1、初三英语被动语态精讲精炼罗苗杨凌高新中学英语中有主动和被动两种语态。前者以动作的执行者充当主语，后者以动作的承受者(即宾语)充当主语。由于只有及物动词才有宾语，因此只能是及物动词才有被动语态形式。被动语态以助动词be 加上动词的过去分词构成，如：We speak English.(主动语态)English is spoken by us.(被动语态)有时为了表明动作的执行者，可在被动语态句型中加上介词by 引导的短语，如：The glass was broken by the cat yesterday.由于动词 be在不同时态中有不同形式，因此被动语态在各种时态中也有不同的结构。一般现在时由

2、am/are/is加上过去分词构成，如：Football is played all over the world.The rooms are cleaned every day.被动语态：句子的主语是谓语动词的动作的承受者或者主语是动作的对象，因此只有及物动词才有被动语态。如：English is spoken by many people in the world.世界上的许多人讲英语（英语由世界上的许多人讲）。句中的 English 就是动词speak的承受者。当要强调动作执行者的时候，用介词by 加上这个动作的执行者来表示就可以了，如句中的by many people 结构。被动语态的

3、构成：be+done（动词过去分词），各种时态由be 表示，如：Our classroom is cleaned every day,but it wasnt cleaned yesterday.It will be cleaned by Group1 tomorrow.我们的教室每天都打扫，但昨天没扫，明天由第一组清扫。文中的被动语态是由情态动词should+be+done 组成。二、被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do 为例）(过去分词不变，所有人称，数，时态的变化，都体现在助动词be 的变化上。)2.时态：(前三种形式为四会掌握内容)1.一般现在时：am(is,are)done.2.一般现在

4、时带情态动词的被动语态：must(can,may)be done 3.一般过去时：was(were)done*4.一般将来时：will(shall)be done*5.现在进行时：am(is,are)being done 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 5 页 -*6.现在完成时：have(has)been done e.g.(1)History is made by the people.历史是人民创造的。（主语是第三人称单数，用is，by 后面加动作的执行者）(2)These new cars were made in Tianjin in 1994.这些新车

5、是1994 年在天津生产的。（主语是第三人称复数，时态为一般过去时，因此用were）(3)Li Ming will be asked to attend the lecture./Li Ming is going to be asked to attend the lecture.李明将被邀请参加讲座。（一般将来时的被动语态，用will be）(4)A new railway is being built.一条新铁路正在修建。(主语是第三人称单数，现在进行时的被动语态，用 is being)三.被动语态的否定及疑问e.g.The students clean the classroom eve

6、ryday.(主动句)The classroom is cleaned(by the students)every day.（被动句）The classroom isn t cleaned every day.（被动语态的否定句）Is the classroom cleaned every day?Yes,it is.（被动语态的一般疑问句）语法:重难点讲解1.I think teenagers should be allowed to go out with their friends every night.我认为应该允许青少年每天晚上和朋友们出去。2.I dont think fifte

7、en-year-olds should be allowed to get their ear pierced.我认为不应该允许十五岁的孩子扎耳眼儿。get sb./sth.+adj.（形容词）:意思为“遇到某种情况”或“使处于某种状态中”，如：How did the classroom get so dirty?教室怎么搞得这么脏？He often gets the answers wrong.他经常把答案弄错。3.He should stop wearing that silly earring.他应该别戴着那个可笑的耳环了。stop doing sth.停止做某事Its time for

8、 class.Please stop talking.该上课了。请不要讲话了（请停止讲话）。4.He doesnt seem to have many friends.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 5 页 -他似乎没有太多的朋友。似乎；好像；看来They seemed to be tired.They worked all day.他们看起来很疲劳，工作了一整天了。5.That would be a good way to keep both teachers and students happy.那将会成为让老师和学生们都高兴的好办法。keep sb./sth

9、.+adj.（形容词）使某人或某物，如：Eating well is very good to keep you healthy.吃好对健康很有好处。练习：单项选择1.The rich man gave _ dollars to medical research.A.million of B.three millions C.two millions of D.millions of 2.You should eat _ fruits and vegetables.A.a little B.a lot C.plenty of D.much 3.If I were you,I d like to

10、 talk to someone who looks _.A.beautifully B.friend C.pretty D.happily 4.The girl seems _satisfied with the result.A.pretty B.so C.quiet D.too 5.Our teacher asked you _ a speech in front of the whole school just now.A.gave B.giving C.give D.to give 6.Dont trouble until trouble _ you.A.trouble B.trou

11、bles C.will trouble D.troubled 7.Dont _ school,Larry.A.be late for B.be late to C.late for D.late to 8.Idont know _.A.how to say or do B.what to say and do C.what to say or do D.how to say and to do 9.Bill is fairly _ to win the contest.A.confident B.nice C.careful D.friendly 10.The English novel is

12、 easy for you.There are _ new words in it.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 5 页 -A.a little B.little C.a few D.few 11.If a friend said _ about you,would you think about what he said?A.nothing bad B.anything good C.something well D.something bad 12.If you were _ friendly to people,you would have _ frien

13、ds.A.much more,many more B.much more,much more C.less.many more D.many more,much more 13.The girl doesn t want to _ her parents _,so she works harder than before.A.make,happy B.let,down C.let,glad D.put,up 14Mary looks great._ exercises every day.A.She B.He C.I D.We 15.This hat is not _.I have a hat

14、 with my name on it.A.I B.me C.my D.mine 16._Do you have his telephone number?-He _ me his telephone number but I m afraid Iit.A.gives,lost B.gave,have lost C.had given,lost D.has given,have lost 17.The students in our school should not _ wear their own clothes.A.be allowed to B.allow to C.be allowe

15、d D.allow 18.Sally really wants a cat,_ her father won t let her have one.A.and B.so C.but D.then 19.The boy is four years old this year.He isn t _ to go to school.A.young enough B.enough young C.old enough D.enough old 20.This morning I had _ egg and a bottle of milk for my breakfast.A.a B.an C.the

16、 D.21.I allowed Tina _ my computer.A.use B.using C.to use D.uses 22.Young trees should be _.A.taken good care B.take good care of C.looking after well D.well looked after 23.My younger sister wants to get her ears _.A.pierced B.piercing C.pierce D.to pierce 24.Boys and girls,please stop _ so much no

17、ise.it s time for class.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 5 页 -A.to take B.to produce C.producing D.making 25.Kathy _ spend time with parents.A.doesnt need to B.neednt to C.doesnt need D.needs 26._Whats the matter?_ They said I should not be allowed _ here.They don t allow _ in the waiting room.A.smoki

18、ng,to smoke B.to smoke,smoke C.to smoke,smoking D.smoking,smoking 27.Children should _ get on well with _.A.teach how they,others B.teach how to,another C.be taught how to,others D.taught to,the others 28.The dictionary mustn t _ from the library.A.take away B.taken away C.are taken away D.be taken away 29.The little boy should _ to school.A.be sent B.be send C.sent D.send 30.Im sorry,but I have to be at home _ 10:00 p.m A.by B.on C.after D.until名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 5 页 -