2022年小学英语语法要点总结及习题 .pdf

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1、精选资料，欢迎下载小学英语语法要点总结及习题一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds 2.以s.x.sh.ch 结尾，力口-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches 3.以 辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,4.以“f 或fe”结尾，变f 或fe 为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewo

2、man-policewomen,mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish,sheep sheep,deer-deer,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词 的复数I _ _him _this _her watch _ _ child _ _ photo _ _ diary _ day _ _ foot _ _ book_ _ dress _ tooth_ _ sheep _ _box _ _ strawberry thief _ _yo-yo _ _ peach_ _ san

3、dwich _ man _ _ woman_ 般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No.1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1.be 动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第

4、三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1.be 动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它？如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt 构成否定句

5、。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Do you often play football?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 9 页 -精选资料，欢迎下载-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does 构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1一般情况下，直

6、接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks 2以s.x.sh.ch.o 结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes 3.以辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies(注意：辅音字母是指除了元音字母a、e、i、o、u 五个以外的字母。)4.不规则变化，如：have has一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ _ stay _ _ make _ look _ _ have _ _ pass _ _ carry _ come _ _ watch_

7、_ plant_ _ fly _ study _ _ brush _ _ do _ _ teach_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often _(have)dinner at home.2.Mike and Tom _(be)in Class One.3.We _(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5._ they _(like)the World Cup?6.What _ they often _(do)on Saturdays?7._ your parents _(read)newspape

8、rs every day?8.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I _(take)a walk together every evening.10.There _(be)some water in the bottle.11.Mike _(like)cooking.12.They _(have)the same hobby.13.My aunt _(look)after her baby carefully.14.You always _(do)your homework well.15.I _(be)ill.I m stayin

9、g in bed.16.She _(go)to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao _(do)not like PE.18.The child often _(watch)TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _(have)eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be)it today?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 9 页 -精选资料，欢迎下载It s Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1.Tom watches TV every eve

10、nin g.(改为否定句）2.I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）3.She likes milk.（改为一般疑冋句，作肯疋回答）4.Amy likes playi ng computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答5.We go to school every mornin g.(改为否定句）6.He speaks En glish very well.(改为否定句）7.I like tak ing photos in the park.(对划线部分提问）8.John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)9.Sh

11、e is always a good stude nt.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）10.Tom and Mike like going skati ng.(改为否定句）五、改错（划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上）1.Is your brother speak En glish?_ 2.Does he likes going fish ing?_ 3.He likes play games after class._ 4.Mr.Wu teachs us En glish._ 5.She don do her homework on Sun days._ 三、现在进行时1?现在进行时表示现在

12、正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5.现在进行时的特殊疑问句的基本结构为：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：特殊疑问词+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2.以不发音的e 结尾，去e 加ing，如:make-making,taste-tasting 3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这一字母，再加run-

13、running,stop-stopp ing,swim-swim ming.ing。如:名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 9 页 -精选资料，欢迎下载现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:swim make play run go like write ski read have sing dance put see buy love live take come get stop sit begin shop、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen!Some girls _(sing)i

14、n the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some n ice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look.They _(have)an En glish less on.6.They _(not,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls _(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen)to music.9.It 5 o lock now.We _(have)supper now 10._ Helen _

15、(wash)clothes?Yes,she is.三、句型转换：1.They are doi ng housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2.The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)3._ I m playing the football in the playground.(_ 对划线部分进行提问)4.Tom is reading books in his study.(对划线部分进行提问)四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomo

16、rrow,next day（week,mon th,year）,so on,the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to+do（原形）；will+do（原形）.三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）后加not或情态动词will后加not简写成won t。例如：I m going to have a picnic this after noon.I m not going to have a picnic this after noon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换。名师资料总结-

17、精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 9 页 -精选资料，欢迎下载例如：Weare going to play football this weekend.Are you going to play football this weeke nd?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 9 页 -精选资料，欢迎下载五、对划线部分提问。1.问人。Who 例如：I m going to New York soon.Whd s going to New York soon.2.问干什么3.问时间4问地点等(略)六、同义句：be going to+do(原形)=will+

18、do(原形)I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I _ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday?I _ play basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要

19、去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes,she _.She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ meet?改句子。5.Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)Nancy _ g o i n g to go camping.6.I ll go and join them.(改否定)I _ go _ join them.7.I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)_ _ _ to get up at

20、 6:30 tomorrow?8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30._ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after school._ she 10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(上)_ _ g o i n g to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11.Today is a sunny d

21、ay.We _(have)a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother _ (go)to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often _ _(go)to school on foot.But today is rain.He _ (go)to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends?I usually _ _(watch)TV and _(catch)insects?15.It s Friday today.What _ she _(do)this weekend?She _(w

22、atch)TV and _ _ (catch)insects.16.What _ (d0)you do last Sunday?I _(pick)apples on a farm.What _(do)next Sunday?I _(milk)cows.17.Mary _ (visit)her grandparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao _ (fly)kites in the playground yesterday.19.David _ (give)a puppet show next Monday.20.I _ (plan)for my study now 改一般疑问句

23、）（对划线部分提问）after school?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 9 页 -精选资料，欢迎下载五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn t)are 在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren t)带有was 或were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are 一样，即否定句在was 或were后加not，般疑问句把was或were调到句

24、首。3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn t+动词原形，如：Jim didn t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked 2.结尾是e 力口d，如：taste-tasted 3.末

25、尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed,如：stop-stopped 4.以 辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i,再加-ed，如：study-studied5.不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-fle

26、w,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat 过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isam _ fly _ plant _ are _ drink _ play _ go _ make _ does _ dance _ worry _ ask _ taste _ eat _ draw _ put _ throw _ kick _ pass _ do _ Be动词的过去时练习（1）一、用be 动词的适当形式填空1.I _ at school just now.2.He _ at the camp last week.3.We _ stude

27、nts two years ago.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 7 页，共 9 页 -精选资料，欢迎下载4.They _ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6.There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7.There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8.The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型转换1.It was exciting.否

28、定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 2.All the students were very excited.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 3.They were in his pocket.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ Be 动词的过去时练习（2）一、用be 动词的适当形式填空1.I _ an English teacher now.2.She _ happy yesterday.3.They _ glad to see each other last month.4.Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5.The littl

29、e dog _ two years old this year.6.Look,there _ lots of grapes here.7.Today _ the second of June.Yesterday _ the first of June.It _ Children s Day.All the students _ very excited.二、句型转换1.There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 三、中译英1我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。2他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里

30、了。3一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。行为动词的过去时练习(1)一、用行为动词的适当形式填空名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 8 页，共 9 页 -精选资料，欢迎下载1.He _ (live)in Wuxi two years ago.2.The cat _ (eat)a bird last night.3.We _ (have)a party last Halloween.4.Nancy _ (pick)up oranges on the farm last week.5.I _(make)a model ship with Mike yesterday.6.They _ (pla

31、y)chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7.My mother _ (cook)a nice food last Spring Festival.8.The girls _ (sing)and _ (dance)at the party.二、句型转换1.Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 2.Nancy went to school early.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 3.We sang some English songs.否定句：_ 一

32、般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 行为动词的过去时练习(2)一、用be 动词的适当形式填空1.I _ (watch)a cartoon on Saturday.2.Her father _ (read)a newspaper last night.3.We _ to zoo yesterday,we _ to the park.(go)4._ you _ (visit)your relatives last Spring Festival?5._ he _ (fly)a kite on Sunday?Yes,he _.6.Gao Shan _ (pull)up carrots last National Day holiday.7.I _ (sweep)the floor yesterday,but my mother _.8.What _ she _ (find)in the garden last morning?She _(find)a beautiful butterfly.二、句型转换1.They played football in the playground.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 三、中译英1.格林先生去年住在中国。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 9 页，共 9 页 -