2022年高中英语常见易混易错同义词辨析与精练 2.pdf

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1、学习好资料欢迎下载高中英语常见易混易错同义词辨析与精练1.clothes,cloth,clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of,an article of 2.incident,accident incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.3.amount,number amount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词a number of students 4.family,house,home home

2、 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员.My family is a happy one.5.sound,voice,noise sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音 I hate the loud noise outside.6.photo,picture,drawing photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画 Lets go and see a good picture.7.vocabulary,word vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word 具体的单词He has

3、a large vocabulary.8.population,people population人口，人数，people具体的人China has a large population.9.weather,climate weather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.10.road,street,path,way road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way 道路，途径take this road;in the street,show me the way to the mu

4、seum.11.course,subject course课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course 12.custom,habit custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接 to do，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接 of doing.Ive got the habit of drinking a lot.13.cause,reason cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth.the reason for b

5、eing late 14.exercise,exercises,practice exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practice makes perfect.15.class,lesson 作 课解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用class.lesson 6;class 5 16.speech,talk,lecture speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk 日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课a series of lecture on17.of

6、ficer,official officer部队的军官，official政府官员an army officer 18.work,job 二者均指工作。work不可数，job 可数 a good job 19.couple,pair couple主要指人或动物，pair 多指由两部分组成的东西a pair of trousers 20.country,nation,state,land 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 13 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家The w

7、hole nation was sad at the news.21.cook,cooker cook厨师，cooker厨具 He is a good cook.22.damage,damages damage不可数名词,损害，损失;damages复数形式,赔偿金$900 damages 23.police,policeman police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察The police are questioning everyone in the house.24.problem,question problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think

8、about,solve,raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask,answer连用25.man,a man man人类，a man一个男人Man will conquer nature.26.chick,chicken 二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉The chicken is delicious.27.telegram,telegraph 当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的a telegram,by telegraph 28.trip,journey,travel,voyage travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey

9、指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip 29.sport,game sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则His favorite sport is swimming.30.price,prize price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金win the first prize The price is high/low.31.a number of,the number of a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of 的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of

10、 students is increasing.32.in front of,in the front of in front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面In the front of the room sits a boy.33.of the day,of a day of the day每一天的，当时的，当代的，of a day暂时的，不长久的a famous scientist of the day 34.three of us,the three of us three of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个

11、人）The three of us-Tom,Jack and I went to the cinema.35.by bus,on the bus by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围They went there by bus.36.for a moment,for the moment for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时Thinking for a moment,he agreed.37.next year,the next year next year将来时间状语，the next year过去将来时间状语He said

12、 he would go abroad the next year.38.more than a year,more than one year more than a year一年多，more than one year超过一年（两年或三年等）39.take advice,take the(ones)advice take advice征求意见，take the advice接受忠告He refused to take the advice and failed again.40.take air,take the air take air传播，走漏，take the air到户外去，散步W

13、e take the air every day.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 13 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载41.in a word,in words in a word总之，一句话，in words口头上In a word,you are right.42.in place of,in the place of in place of代替，in the place of在地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.43.in secret,in the secret in secret秘密地，

14、暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；in the secret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语My mother was in the secret from the beginning.44.a girl,one girl a girl可泛指所有女孩,one girl一个女孩Can one girl carry such a big box?45.take a chair,take the chair take a chair相当于 sit down坐下，take the chair开始开会46.go to sea,by sea,by the sea go to sea当海员，出航，by sea乘

15、船，由海路，by the sea在海边go by sea 47.the doctor and teacher,the doctor and the teacher the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师the doctor and teacher is 48.in office,in the office in office在职的，in the office在办公室里He is in office,not out of office.49.in bed,on the bed in b

16、ed卧在床上，on the bed在床上The book is on the bed.He is ill in bed.50.in charge of,in the charge of in charge of管理，负责照料，in the charge of由照料 He is in charge of the matter.The matter is in the charge of her.51.in class,in the class in class在课上，in the class在班级里He is the best student in the class.52.on fire,on

17、 the fire on fire着火,on the fire在火上Put the food on the fire.The house is on fire.53.out of question,out of the question out of question毫无疑问的，out of the question不可能的54.a second,the second a second又一，再一，the second第 He won the second prize.55.by day,by the day by day白天，by the day按天计算The workers are paid

18、 by the day.56.the people,a people the people指人，a people指民族The Chinese is a peace-loving people.57.it,one it 同一物体，one 同类不同一I lost my pen.I have to buy a new one.58.that,this that指代上文所提到的，this 导出下文所要说的I was ill.Thats why59.none,nothing,no one none强调有多少，nothing,no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人-How many/

19、How much?-None.60.anyone,any one anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you 61.who,what who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位What is your dad?He is a teacher.62.what,which what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择Which do you prefer,bananas or apples?63.other,another 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 13 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载other后接名词

20、复数，another后接名词单数other students,another student 64.not a little,not a bit not a little非常，not a bit一点也不Im not a bit tired.我一点儿也不累。65.many,much,a lot of many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句I havent many books.66.much more than,many more thanmuch more than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more than后接可数名词man

21、y more people,much more water,much more beautiful 67.no,not no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water 68.no more than,not more than no more than相当于 only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过69.majority,most majority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可the majority of people 70.by oneself,for oneself,to one

22、self,of oneself by oneself单独的，独自的，for oneself为自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自动的The door opened of itself.71.at all,after all at all根本，全然,after all到底，毕竟After all he is a child.72.tall,high tall常指人或动物，high 常指物体He is tall.73.fast,quickly fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快run fast,answer the

23、 question quickly 74.high,highly high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的think highly of 75.healthy,healthful healthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的healthful exercise 76.sleeping,asleep,sleepy sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的a sleeping baby The baby is asleep.Im sleepy.77.gold,golden gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用gol

24、d fish a gold ring 78.most,mostly most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，mostly大部分,是副词most people,the people are mostly79.just,very just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语the very man,just the man 80.wide,broad wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders 81.real,true real 真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，

25、真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合real gold,a true story 82.respectful,respectable respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的be respectful to the aged 83.outwards,outward 二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词an outward voyage 84.pleasant,pleased,pleasing 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 13 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载pleasant常用作定语，pleased,pleas

26、ing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.85.understanding,understandable understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的an understanding girl,an understandable mistake 86.close,closely close 接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地closely connected,stand close 87.ill,sick ill 做表语，sick 定，

27、表均可a sick boy 88.good,well good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词He is well again.89.quiet,silent,still quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响He stand there still.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。90.hard,hardly hard 努力，hardly几乎不work hard I can hardly believe it.91.able,capable able 与不定式 to do连用，capable与 of 连用 He is c

28、apable of doing92.almost,nearly 二者均为 几乎,差不多 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody 93.late,lately late 迟，晚，lately最近，近来I havent seen him lately.94.living,alive,live,lively living,alive,live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live 只能做定语，lively意为活波的all the living people=all the people alive 95.excited,exciting excite

29、d使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的Im excited.The news is exciting.96.deep,deeply deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地deeply moved,dig deep 97.aloud,loud aloud出声地，loud 大声地read aloud(出声地读)98.worth,worthy 二者均为值得，worth后接 doing，worthy后接 to be done,of being done It is worth visiting.=Its worthy to be visited.=Its worthy of being vi

30、sited.99.bad,badly bad 形容词，badly副词，不好，但与 need,want,require连用为 很，非常 go bad I need the book badly.100.before long,long before before long不久以后，long before很久以前not long before=before long 101.quite,rather quite完全地，相当于completely,rather修饰比较级quite impossible 102.happy,glad happy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad 高兴，只能做表语a hap

31、py girl 103.instead,instead of instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中He didnt see a film.Instead he watched TV.He watched TV instead of seeing a film.104.too much,much too too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词much too heavy 105.be about to,be going to,be to do be about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going to 侧重打算，想

32、法，be to do侧重意志，计划，安排Im to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思)名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 13 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载106.raise,rise raise及物动词，rise 不及物动词The sun rises in the east.107.bring,take,carry,fetch bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作fetch a box of chalk 108.spend,take,pay,cost spend人做主语，花钱，花时间;spend on sth./in do

33、ing sth;take物做主语，花时间;pay 人做主语，花钱，pay for;cost物做主语，花钱109.join,join in,take part in join 加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动,join sb.in；take part in 参加大型的活动He joined the army five years ago.110.learn,study learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究study the problem 111.want,hope,wish want打算，想要，want to do,want sb.t

34、o do,hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/hope that wish希望（通常不能实现）wish(sb.)to do,wish sb/sth.+n.I wish you success.112.discover,invent,find out discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，find out发现，查明At last he found out the truth.113.answer,reply answer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接to reply to the letter 114.leave,leave fo

35、r leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.115.rob,steal rob 抢劫rob sb.of sth.，steal偷 steal sth.from sb.116.shoot,shoot at shoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中He shot the bird and it died.117.drop,fall drop 及物不及物均可，fall 不及物动词Prices fell/dropped.He dropped his voice.118.search,search for search后接地点，searc

36、h for后接东西He searched his pocket for money.119.used to,be used to used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接 sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接do sth.He is used to getting up early.120.win,lose,beat win 后接 sth.，反义词为lose,beat后接 sb.win the game,beat them 121.live on,live by live on以为主食，live by靠谋生live on fish/live by fishing 122

37、.beat,hit,strike beat 连续性地击打；hit 打中，对准打；strike打一下或若干下beat the wings 123.meet,meet with meet遇到，meet with体验到，遭遇到meet with an accident 124.lose,miss lose 失去（具体的物体），错过sth.is lost,lose the chance；miss 想念，错过sth.is missing,miss the chance 125.be tired of,be tired with/from be tired of厌烦，be tired with/from因

38、为 而累了be tired with/from running 800 meters 126.care about,care for 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 13 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意He doesnt care about his clothes.I dont care for movies.127.catch a cold,have a cold catch a cold不能和表示 一段时间 的状语连用，而have a cold可以She has had

39、 a cold for a week.128.change for,change into change for调换成，change into变成 Change the shirt for a bigger one.Water changes into ice.129.continue,last 二 者 均 为 持 续，continue主 动，被 动 均 可，last只 能 用 主 动The war continued/lasted five years.The story is to be continued.130.feed,raise feed 喂养，养活，饲养(to give food

40、 to)，raise饲养，养育(cause to grow,bring up children)raise the family 131.go for a doctor,go to a doctor go for a doctor去请医生，go to a doctor去看病132.notice,observe,catch sight of notice注意到，observe观察，仔细地看，catch sight of突然看到observe the stars 133.insist on,stick to insist on坚持要求，后常接doing,stick to坚持,后常接 sth.sti

41、ck to the plan 134.look,seem,appear look 指从外表上看，seem 指内心的判断，appear指给人以表面的印象appear wise,look like his father 135.gather,collect gather把分散的东西集中到一起，collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集collect stamps 136.mean to do,mean doing mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着By this I mean giving the students more practice.137.die f

42、rom,die of die from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素die of hunger and cold 138.pay for,pay back,pay off pay for为付钱，pay back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off还清pay for the book,pay off the debt 139.divide,separate divide把一个整体分成几部分，separate把连在一起的个体分开 divide the apple,separate the houses 140.arriv

43、e,get,reach arrive不及物动词，后接in(大地点)，at(小地点)，get 不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词arrive in Beijing,get to Beijing,reach Beijing 141.grow,plant grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去，plant移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物 plant the trees,trees are growing 142.manage,try manage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam,but he failed

44、.143.choose,select 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 7 页，共 13 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载choose凭个人的判断力进行选择，select有目的地仔细认真地选择choose the best answer 144.build,put up,set up,found build一般用语，建成，put up临时搭建，set up建成（内部的设施基本齐全），found国家或组织的建成put up a tent,set up a school 145.be familiar to,be familiar with be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉

45、的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物The book is familiar to me.Im familiar with the book.146.agree with,agree to,agree on agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在上达成一致意见，主语是复数agree with you,agree to the plan 147.throw to,throw atthrow to扔到 ,throw at朝扔 He throw a stone at me.148.receive,accept receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，

46、accept接受I received a gift,but I didnt accept it.149.wear,put on,dress wear和 dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in,put on 表动作 Its cold outside.Put on your warm clothes.150.listen,hearlisten强调动作，hear强调结果I listened,but I heard nothing.151.look,see,watch look 看的动作，see 看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展wa

47、tch TV 152.lie,laylie 躺，位于(lay,lain),说谎(lied,lied)，lay 平放(laid,laid)lay the book 153.work as,act as work as 工作是，act as 充当某种职务或身份，或扮演某种角色He works as a teacher.He acts as an interpreter.154.move,remove move动一动，但不一定移走，remove从一处移到另一处remove the table to the kitchen 155.hurt,injure,wound hurt感情上受伤，injure事

48、故中受伤，wound战争中受伤He was wounded in the war.156.turn,get,grow turn表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get 强调变的结果，grow强调过程，逐渐的变化turn yellow,get tired,grow big 157.close,shut,turn off close 和 shut当关解时可以通用，用于可开合的物体，turn off用于指有开关的物体 Close/Shut the door.Turn off the TV.158.set out,set about,set off 指出发，着手解时，set out 后接 to do，set

49、about 后接 doing,set off 后接for sp.159.begin,start begin侧重时间的开始，反义词为end，start侧重由静到动的转折，反义词为stop Class begins at 7:30a.m.160.happen,take place happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，take place必然性的发生Great changes have taken place in my hometown.161.at,in(表地点)at 小地点，in 大地点arrive at a small village,arrive in Shanghai 162.a

50、t work,in workat work在工作，在上班，in work 有职业，有工作名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 8 页，共 13 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载Both my parents are at work.They are not at home.163.increase to,increase by increase to增长到，increase by增长了 The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.164.at ease,with easeat ease舒适地，安逸地；with ease容易地，无困难地do it with