2022年高中英语英语语法代词讲解练习附答案 .pdf

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1、学习好资料欢迎下载代词（一）Part 1 人称代词人称代词是表示我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们 的词。是表示自身或人称的代词。1 人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：单数复数主格I you he she it we you they 宾格me you him her it us you them 中文我你他她它我们你们他/她/它们2 人称代词的用法（1）人称代词在句中可以用作主语（用主格）和宾语（用宾格）：He loves her,but she hates him.（2）人称代词用于as,than之后时，可用宾格：“Who is it?”“It s me.”He gets up ea

2、rlier than me.He speaks English as well as her.但是，若than,as后的人称代词后跟由动词，则必须用主格：He gets up earlier than I do.（3）单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格：me too.3 人称代词的排列顺序（1）单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列，即you,he and I：You,he and I are all middle school students.（2）复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列，即we,you and they:We,you and they will all go there.（3）但若用于承担

3、责任或错误等场合，则可把第一人称I 置于其他人称代词之前：I and Tom are to blame.Part 2 物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。1 物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。列表如下：单数复数形容词性my your his her its our your their 名词性mine your his hers its ours yours theirs 中文我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他/她/它们的2 物主代词的用法（1）形容词物主代词在句中作定语：I love my country.Is this your car?（2）名词性的物主代词可用作主

4、语,宾语,表语以及与of 连接：Li Huas bike is red,and yours is green.These books are ours.That car is mine,not yours.Yesterday I met a friend of mine in the street.Part 3 反身代词表示我自己,你自己,他自己,我们自己,你们自己,他们自己等的词叫做反身代词。1 反身代词第一,二人称构成是由形容词性物主代词加-self (复数加-selves)构成。第三人称反身代词是由人称代词宾格形式加-self(复数加-selves)构成。第一人称第二人称第三人称第三人称

5、第三人称名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 6 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载单数myself yourself himself herself itself 复数ourselves yourselves themselves themselves themselves 2 反身代词的用法反身代词在句中主要作宾语和同位语,用作同位语时表示强调本人,自己：He taught himself English.The child himself drew this picture.Part 4 指示代词指示代词是表示指示概念的代词，即用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。主要的有 thi

6、s,that,these,those,其中 this 和that 为单数，these和 those 为复数。指示代词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语。指示代词的用法：1 this 和 that 的用法两者的基本区别是this 表近指，that 表远指。另外，当要回指上文提到的事情时，可用this 或 that，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用this:She married Jim,and this/that surprised me.I want to know this Dose he love her?2 that 和 those 的用法that 和 those 常常用来代替已提到过的

7、名词，以避免重复。The population of China is larger than that of Japan.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.Part 5 相互代词相互代词是表示相互关系的代词，主要有each other,one another,均表示“相互”、“彼此”。指示代词通常在句中作宾语与定语，不可作主语。1 each other 主要用于两者之间，one another 主要用于三者或三者以上。但在现代英语中each other 也可指三者或三者以上：They love each other.The

8、 three women looked at each other/one another.2 相互代词的所有格相互代词的所有格在后面一个词加词尾-s：We didn t know each other s names.They often stay in one another s house.代词（二）Part 6 疑问代词1.疑问代词的概念与形式用来表达疑问或构成疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。主要的疑问代词及其功能如下表所示：语法功能形式主语宾语表语定语可跟of 短语指人主格who 宾格whom 所有格whose 指物主格which(可指人)宾格what who,whom 与 whose wh

9、o 的意义为“谁”，既可以做单数，也可以指复数。在句中主要做主语和宾语。whom 是 who 的宾格，在句中主要做动词宾语和介词宾语，做动词宾语时whom 可与 who 互换使用，但作介词宾语时只能用whom;whose 是 who 的所有格形式，意为“谁的”：名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 6 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载Who said that?Whom are you waiting for?Whom/Who have you chosen to take part in the sports meet?I don t know whose it is.wha

10、t 与 which which 和 what 都指物。which 意为“哪一个，哪一些”适用选择范围较小或明确的场合；what 意为“什么”，用于选择范文较大或不明确的场合。如指人，其后接名词时只用which 和 what，不用 who：Which color do you like,black or white?What color do you like?Which/What writers do you like?Part 7 不定代词1.不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫不定代词。英语中的不定代词有：all,every,each one,none,no,both,either,neithe

11、r,little,a little,few,a few,some,any,many,much,other,another 以及由some，any，no，every 构成的复合不定代词。2.复合不定代词复合不定代词是由every，some，any，no 与-one,-body,-thing 构成的代词。指人指人指物everyone everybody everything someone somebody something anyone anybody anything on one nobody nothing(1)some-类复合不定代词主要用于肯定句中，any-类不定代词主要用于否定句、

12、疑问句或条件句：There is somebody who wants to speak to you.I haven t seen anybody around here that I can turn to for help.(2)由-one和-body 构成的不定代词可以互换使用，知识前者较文雅：Someone/Somebody seems to have been here.(3)复合不定代词受定语修饰时，定语应放在它们后面：Tell us something interesting.(4)复合不定代词若用作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数：Everyone knows this.Every

13、thing is ready.(5)no one 与 none 的区别no one 常指代人，只能为可数；而none可指代人或物，可数、不可数皆可。no one 回答“who”,none 回答“how many/much”,none 可与 of 结构连用：No one in our class failed the math exam.None of them believed his story.How many of you have been to the USA?None 3.both，either 与 neither 的用法(1)both 意思是 两者都，either 意思是 两者中

14、的任何一个，neither 意思是 两者都不，具体见下表：名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 6 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载Both of my parents are doctors.Neither of my parents knows English.Which of the two rooms would you like,sir?Neither.(2)either 在否定句中可表示“也”的意思：He wont go and I wont go either.（3）either or 不是.就是.；neither nor 既不 也不.：Either you or

15、 I am going there tomorrow.Neither dad nor mum is at home today.4.every 和 each 两者均可表示“每一个”，every 侧重从总体上考虑，而each 侧重从隔日方面考虑。(1)each 既可单独使用，也可后接名词，还可后接of 短语；而 every 后必须接名词，既不能单独使用，也不能后接of 短语：Each is good.Each of the students has seen it.(2)each 指两者或两者以上的“每个”，every 指三者或三者以上的“每个”：There are trees on each

16、side of the road.(3)every 可受 almost,nearly 等副词的修饰，但each不能：Almost every student has read the book.5.other,the other,another 与 others 的区别用法(1)指单数时。若泛指用another,若特指用 the other(后接单数名词)：Give me another one.Shut the other eye,please.(2)指复数时，若泛指用other(后接复数名词)，若特这用the other(后接复数名词)：There are other ways of do

17、ing it?Where are the other students?(3)others 永远表示复数意义，且其后不能再接名词。其意义大致为“other+复数名词”，同样地，the others 大致意义为“the other+复数名词”：Other people/Others may not think that way.He is cleverer than the others/the other students.(4)another 一般只能表单数，且其后接名词时也只能接单数名词。但是其后若有数次或few 修饰时，则可接复数名词：I shall stay another few m

18、onths.(5)与 some 对比使用时，用others：Some say yes,and others say no.Practice1 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 6 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载一 完成下列表格：I you they me him her us my its mine yours its theirs 二根据提示填空：1 _(我)am a teacher.2 _(他)often plays basketball after school.3 This is _(我的)book.That is_.(他的)4 Please pass_(我们)t

19、he ball.5 This is not my shirt.Its _.(她的)6 My ruler is long._(你的)is short.7 _(我们)buy a pair of shoes for _(她).8 _(他们的)teacher is good._(你们的)is good too.9 Our chair is better than _(they).10 I will give the presents to_(they).11 These books are_(I),and those are_(you).12 _ like _ car.我喜欢他们的小汽车。13 Who

20、 is there?Its _.是谁啊？是我。14 _ are Chinese.我们是中国人。15 I want to buy some balloons for _.我想买些气球送给他。三 单选1 He is cleverer than _.He can do it better than _ do.A.me,me B.I,me C.me,I D.I,mine 2 Look,the chair has lost one of _ legs.A.his B.her C.its D.it s 3 Lily was 9 years old._ was old enough to go to sch

21、ool _.A.She,she B.She,herself C.Her,herself D.Her,she 4 I want to finish it _.I won t ask for help.A.yourself B.myself C.ourselves D.ourselves 5 Jim s watch is much newer than _.A.hers B.she C.her D.herself 6 Who taught you English last year?Nobody taught me.I taught _.A.you B.myself C.her D.me 7 Sh

22、e is a student,_ name is Julia.A.its B.her C.hers D.his 8.She gave the erasers to Lucy and _.A.I B.me C.my D.mine 9.Thats not _,it is_.I made it _.A.ours,mine,myself B.your,mine,myself C.yours,her,myself D.yours,my,myself10 We bought _ a present,but _ didnt like it.A.they,them B.them,they C.themselv

23、es,their D.theirs,they Practice2 一用适当疑问代词填空：1._ is your math teacher?2._ subject is he talking?3._ went to see the headmaster of the school yesterday?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 6 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载4.For _ did he buy a ticket?5._ do you prefer,rice or bread?二 把下列句子译成英语:1.这是谁的自行车？2.哪一支铅笔是你的，蓝的还是红的？3.你在给

24、谁写信？Practice3 1.Please tell _ about it if _ doesnt know.A.her;herself B.she;she C.her;she D.hers;her 2.Is there _ in todays newspaper?A.something important B.important anything C.anything importantD.important everything 3.Do you know _ dictionary it is?A.which B.who C.whose D.whom 4.I ve two friends

25、._ of them are at school.A.Both B.Neither C.Each D.All 5.We ve lost all our money._ shall we do?A.How B.What C.Where D.Why 6.The fish is delicious.Try and eat _.A.few B.a few C.little D.a little 7._ do you prefer,milk or orange juice?I don t like _.I usually drink coffee.A.How;either B.What;neither

26、C.Which;neither D.Why;either 8.Of the three foreigners,one is from London,_ are fromthe USA.A.the two others B.the other two C.another two D.the both 9._ the twins enjoyed _ at the party yesterday.A.Both;them B.Both;themselves C.Neither;them D.All;themselves 10.Would you like _ milk in your tea?-Yes

27、,just _.A.any;little B.some;a little C.much;a few D.a little;some 11.We study Chinese,English and some _ subjects.A.the other B.other C.others D.another 12.Who is playing the piano in the next room?-_ is Li Pings brother.A.This B.That C.It D.He 13.Is this your shoe?-Yes,it is.But where is _?A.the ot

28、her B.another C.other one D.the other one 14.Do you have _ to say for yourself?No,I have _ to say at this moment.A.anything important,something important B.anything important,nothing important C.important something,nothing important D.important anything,important nothing 15.The farmer is very busy because hes so _ sheep to keepand so _ work to do every day.A.much;many B.many;much C.many;a lot D.a lot;much名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 6 页 -