2022年高考英语阅读理解专题训练篇含答案 .pdf

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1、学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料阅读理解专题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最佳选项。A For a 400-year-old art form,opera had a bad fame:overweight actresses singing the words which were hard to understand in one of those romance languages you were supposed to learn in high schoolAnd with tickets costing as much as$145 a perfor

2、mance,opera goers also had a certain appearance in peoples mind:rich,well-dressed and old But now opera companies around the country are loosening their ties and kicking off their shoes in an attempt to keep opera alive and take it to a younger and not so wealthy audienceOpera producers have found t

3、hat to attract this crowd,they need to make the opera closer to common peopleBecause young people dont or wont come to the opera,companies are bringing the opera to them,giving performances in such unusual places as parks,libraries and public schoolsThe Houston Grand Operas choice is the public libr

4、ary,where it performs“mobile operas”shortened versions（剧本）of child-friendly operasThis summers production is Hansel Gretel By performing smaller versions of large productions,producers are able to make people interested while keeping costs at a reasonable levelThe San Francisco Opera,which will be c

5、elebrating its 75th anniversary this year,is staging Cinderella free of charge,keeping costs down by employing students from its Young Artists Training Program 1Which is the main idea of this passage？AOpera is famous for its long history BOpera is only performed for rich peopleCOpera companies are t

6、rying to keep opera alive DYoung people are not interested in opera 2The underlined phrase in the second paragraph means _Abreaking up the old rules Bchanging the dresses Cmaking the audience at ease Dadvertising themselves 3Opera companies prefer to perform short versions because _ Athey can be per

7、formed in public libraries Bshort versions are easy to perform Cit is hard to find long versions Dthey can make more people come to opera B Have you ever picked a job based on the fact that you were good at it but later found it made you feel very uncomfortable over time?When you select your career,

8、theres a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills and matching them with a particular position If you ignore your personality,it will hurt you long-term regardless of your skills or the jobs payThere are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good jobHe

9、re are a few of those main areas;1）Do you prefer working alone or with other people?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 35 页 -学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料There are isolating（使孤立）jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasyMost people are not extremes in

10、 either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer There are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two,which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation2）How do you handle change?Most jobs these days have some elements of change to them,but som

11、e are more than others If you need stability in your life,you may need a job where the changes dont happen so oftenOther people would be bored of the same daily routine3）Do you enjoy working with computers？I do see this as a kind of personality characteristic There are people who are happy to spend

12、more than 40 hours a week on a computer,while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day Again,these are extremes and youll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well4）What type of work environment do you enjoy？This can range from being in a large bui

13、lding with a lot of people you wont know immediately to a smaller setting where youll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly5）How do you like to get paid?Some people are motivated by the pay they get,while others feel too stressed to be like thatThe variety of payment designs in the

14、sales industry is a typical example for thisAnyway,these are a great starting point for you Ive seen it over and over again with people that they make more money over time when they do something they loveIt may take you a little longer,but making a move to do what you have a passion for can change t

15、he course of your life for the better 4What is unnecessary in your job hunting?AAssessing your skills BGoing to different areas CMatching your skills with a position Dtaking your personality into consideration 5Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AIsolating jobs usually drive peo

16、ple mad BInteractive jobs make people shy easily CExtreme people tend to work with othersDAlmost everyone has a tendency in jobs 6What is the missing word about a job search in the following chart?ADesign BChanges C CooperationDHobbiesskills Jobs Environment Motivation Stability?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心

17、整理-第 2 页，共 35 页 -学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料7What is the best title for this passage?ALifestyles and Job Pay BJobs and Environment CJob Skills and Abilities DPersonalities and Jobs C As the human brain evolved,humans were able to laugh before they could speak,according to a new studyBut here s the punch line

18、:Laughter and joy are not unique to humans,the study says Ancestral forms of play and laughter existed in other animals long before humans began laughing“Human laughter has its roots in our animation past,”said Jaak Panksepp,a professor of psychobiology at Bowling Green State University in Ohio Pank

19、sepp has studied rats and found that when they“play,”they often chirp（唧唧叫）an early stage form of laughter,according to the scientistIn an article to be published tomorrow in the journal Science,he makes the argument that animal laughter is the basis for human joyIn studying laughter,scientists have

20、focused mostly on related issues humor,personality,health benefits,social theory rather than laughter itselfNew research,however,shows that“circuits”（电路）for laughter exist in very ancient regions of the human brainAs humans have included language into play,we may have developed new connections to jo

21、yous parts of our brains that evolved before the cerebral cortex（大脑皮层）,the outer layer associated with thought and memoryThere is plenty of evidence that many other mammals make play sounds,which are like human laughterIndeed,animals are capable of many emotional feelings,just like humans,some scien

22、tists say The recognition by neuroscientists（神经系统科学家）that the brain systems for pain,pleasure,and fear are the same in humans and other mammals underline our similarity to other species and is extremely important,said Tecumseh Fitch,a psychology lecturer at the University of StAndrews in ScotlandIn

23、a 2003 study Panksepp and Bowling Green State University neurobiologist Jeff Burgdorf showed that if rats are tickled（呵痒）in a playful way,they readily chirpRats that were tickled developed a relationship with the researchers and became rapidly conditioned to seek ticklesUnderstanding the chirping of

24、 the rats may help scientists better understand human laughter Robert Provine,a psychology professor at the University of Maryland in Baltimore,agrees there is an evolutionary continuity of laughterIts origin is in tickling play,he saysProvine has studied chimpanzees and found a link between their l

25、aughter-like noises and human laughter Laughter is actually the sound of play,with the original pant pant（喘气）-the heavy breathing of physical play-becoming the human ha-ha,”Provine saidBy studying the shift from the panting of chimps to the human ha-ha,he discovered that breath control is the key to

26、 the 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 35 页 -学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料appearance of both human laughter and speech 8The 2003 study about rats being tickled are mentioned in paragraph 4 in order to show that Arats are such smart aromas that they can laugh like humans Banimals have emotional feelings as human b

27、eings do Canimals emotional feelings are now widely recognized Dtickling animals can help animals develop the ability of laughter 9According to the text,what is the most special about Jaak Panksepps research?AIt focuses on animals influence on human laughter BPeoples personalities are involved in th

28、e research CThe research studies human brain as well DThe research deals with laughter itself 10We can infer from the above text that_ ATecumseh Fitch and Robert Provine disagree with each other on laughter Brats chirping and chimps panting are basically the sameCmost animals are able to laugh but n

29、eed to be trained first Dhuman beings have now fully understood animals behaviorsCAD BDCD BDB 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和 D）中，选出最佳选项。A How often do you travel by plane?How much electricity do you use?These days everyone is worried about the size of their carbon footprint In order to reduce global warmi

30、ng we need to make our carbon footprints smaller But how much CO2 are we responsible for?A new book by Mike Berners Lee（a leading expert in carbon footprint）might be able to helpHow bad are bananas?The Carbon Footprint of Everything looks at the different things we do and buy,and calculates the amou

31、nt of CO2all of the following created:the ingredients,the electricity used in the brewery,the equipment,the travel and commuting of the beer,and the packagingIt s amazing how many different things need to be included in each calculationAnd it s frightening how much carbon dioxide everything produces

32、 But all of this can help us decide which beer to drinkFrom Berners-Lees calculations,it s clear that a pint（568ml）of locally-brewed beer has a smaller carbon footprint than a bottle of imported beer This is because the imported beer has been transported from far away,and it uses more packaging The

33、local beer only produces 300g of CO2,but the imported beer produces 900g!So,one pint of local beer is better for the environment than three cans of cheap foreign lager from the supermarket名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 35 页 -学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料Berners-Lee has even calculated the carbon footprint of c

34、ycling to work Nothing is more environmentally-friendly than riding a bike,surely?Well,it depends on what youve had to eat beforeTo ride a bike we need energy and for energy we need foodSo if we eat a banana and then ride a kilometer and a half,our footprint is 65g of CO2However,if we eat bacon befo

35、re the bike ride,its 200gIn fact,bananas are good in general because they dont need packaging,they can be transported by boat and they grow in natural sunlightSo,does this mean that cycling is bad for the environment?Absolutely not,for a start,if you cycle,you dont use your car,and the fewer cars on

36、 the road,the fewer traffic jams And cars in traffic jams produce three times more CO2 than cars traveling at speedCycling also makes you healthy and less likely to go to a hospitalAnd hospitals have very big carbon footprints!So maybe its time for us all to start making some changesPass me a banana

37、 and a pint of local beer,please 1According to Berners-Lee,which of the following produces the most carbon dioxide？AA pint of local beer we drinkBA pint of imported beer we drink CA banana we eat before a bike ride DThe bacon we eat before a bike ride2 The underlined word“brewery”in Paragraph 3 most

38、 probably means“_”Aa factory where beer is made Ba machine which makes beer Ca container where beer is stored Done of the things from which beer is made 3To make our carbon footprints smaller,we should often _ Acycle to work Bdrink more local beer Ccalculate the amount of CO2D buy cheap things from

39、the supermarkets 4Whats the most suitable title for the passage?ABikes,Beer and Bananas BStarting to Make Changes CHow Big Is Your Carbon Footprint?D The Carbon Footprint of Everything B It is easy for us to tell our friends from our enemies But can other animals do the same?Elephants can!They can u

40、se their sense of vision and smell to tell the difference between people who pose a threat and those who do notIn Kenya,researchers found that elephants react differently to clothing worn by men of the Maasai and Kamba ethnic groups Young Maasai men spear animals and thus pose a threat to elephants;

41、Kamba men are mainly farmers and are not a danger to elephantsIn an experiment conducted by animal scientists,elephants were first presented with clean clothing or clothing that had been worn for five days by either a Maasai or a Kamba man When the elephants detected the smell of clothing worn by a

42、Maasai man,they moved away from the smell faster and took longer to relax than when they detected the smells of either clothing worn by Kamba men or clothing that had not 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 35 页 -学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料been worn at allGarment color also plays a role,though in a different way

43、In the same study,when the elephants saw red clothing not worn before,they reacted angrily,as red is typically worn by Maasai menRather than running away as they did with the smell,the elephants acted aggressively toward the red clothing The researchers believe that the elephants emotional reactions

44、 are due to their different interpretations of the smells and the sightsSmelling a potential danger means that a threat is nearby and the best thing to do is run away and hide Seeing a potential threat without its smell means that risk is lowTherefore,instead of showing fear and running away,the ele

45、phants express their anger and become aggressive 5According to the passage,which of the following statements is true about Kamba and Maasai people?AMaasai people are a threat to elephants BKamba people raise elephants for farming CBoth Kamba and Maasai people are elephant hunters DBoth Kamba and Maa

46、sai people traditionally wear red clothing 6How did the elephants react to smell in the study?AThey attacked a man with the smell of new clothing BThey needed time to relax when smelling something unfamiliar CThey became anxious when they smelled Kamba-scented clothingDThey were frightened and ran a

47、way when they smelled their enemies 7What is the main idea of this passage?AElephants use sight and smell to detect danger BElephants attack people who wear red clothing CScientists are now able to control elephants emotionsDSome Kenyan tribes understand elephants emotions very well8What can be infe

48、rred about the elephants behavior from this passage?AElephants learn from their experiences BElephants have sharper sense of smell than sight CElephants are more intelligent than other animals DElephants tend to attack rather than escape when in danger C Hans was an honest fellow with a funny round

49、good-humored face Living alone,every day he worked in his gardenIn all the countryside there was no garden so lovely as hisAll sorts of flowers grew there,blooming in their proper order as the months went by,one flower taking another flowers place,so that there were always beautiful things to see,an

50、d pleasant odors to smell Hans had many friends,the most devoted being the MillerSo devoted was the rich Miller to Hans that hed never go by his garden without plucking a large bunch of flowers or a handful of sweet herbs,or filling his pockets with fruitsThe Miller used to talk about noble ideas,an