2017年中考真题（阅读理解）.doc

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1、12017 年年中考真题（阅读理解）中考真题（阅读理解）(2017浙江宁波)DTHREE CENTURIES OF HQAXES（骗局；恶作剧（骗局；恶作剧）！ATHINKING MACHINEIn 1769,long before computers were invented,a man from Hungary（匈牙利）built a wonderful machine that could play chess very well.It delighted（使高兴）people all over Europe and beat nearly everyone it played,inc

2、luding famous figureslike French leader Napoleon Bonaparte,and scientist and inventor Benjamin Franklin.For decades,many people believed that it was truly a thinking machine.There werepeople who said it was a hoax,but could not prove it or explain how it worked.About85 years later,the secret was fin

3、ally revealed.There was a man hiding inside themachine all the timewho was obviously very good at playing chess!ZOO ESCAPE（逃脱）（逃脱）On November 9,1874,New York newspaper,The Herald,ran a shocking storyon its front page.It said that all the animals in the Central Park Zoo had escaped andwere running ar

4、ound the city.It said the police were working to save people,but 27people had already been killed,and 200 people hurt.It warned everyone to stay athome to avoid the danger.Many people in New York were terrified,and did as thepaper said.If only they had read the final words of the article,which said:

5、“Not oneword of it is true.Not a single act described has taken place,”It was all just a hoax.The story was made up by Thomas Connery,an editor at The Herald,who wanted todraw attention to the poor condition of cages in the zoo.ROSIE THE RUNNERThe first woman to cross the finish line of the 1980 Bos

6、ton Marathon（马拉松）was 23-year-old Rosie Ruiz.However,as she climbed the stairs to receive her prize,people started to become suspicious（怀疑的).She didnt seem to be tired at all.Furthermore,none of the other runners remembered seeing her,and her picture neverappeared in photos or TV broadcasts of the ra

7、ce.Later,several people said that theyhad seen her join the race only at the end.It turned out she had run only half a mile2(about 805 meters)and taken the train for the rest of the race!Her prize was takenaway,of course.42.The underlined word“it”in Paragraph 1 refers to（指）_.A.the hoaxB.the newsC.th

8、e thinking machineD.the computer43.Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?A.The thinking machine used a computer to win games.B.200 people were killed by zoo animals in 1874.C.Rosie Ruiz wasnt tired at the finish line.D.Rosie Ruiz didnt appear in TV broadcasts of the race.44.What is true

9、 about all the hoaxes in the passage?A.They made people scared.B.They fooled a lot of people.C.They made people suspicious.D.They delighted people.45.The title of the passage shows us that the writer thinks that hoaxes _.A.are not newB.are easily avoidedC.are always cruelD.are usually unbelievable题材

10、：安全问题【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是发生在三个不同世纪中的三个骗局，分别是 18 世纪有人“发明”了一个下象棋的机器高手，后来证明是有人藏在机器中；19 世纪美国纽约的一家报纸报道说，一家动物园里的所有动物都从园里逃了出来，在大街上踩死踩伤很多人，提醒市民注意安全。最后被告知这是一起恶作剧；第三则是 20 世纪马拉松国际长跑比赛的“冠军”获得者是弄虚作假得来的荣誉，最后被取消成绩。42.C【解析】推理判断题。根据原文第一段中的“a man from Hungary built awonderful machine that could play chess very well”可知

11、，有个匈牙利人对外吹嘘自己发明了一个下象棋高手的“机器”，这让欧洲各地的人们非常高兴。故推断画线代词 it 指的是“会思考的机器”。故选 C。43.D【解析】推理判断题。通读原文可知，“会思考的机器”其实是利用藏在机器里面的一个擅长下象棋的人来博取胜利的，而不是电脑；在 1874 年的“动物大3逃亡”的骗局中，被动物踩死的人数是 27 人，不是 200 人；Rosie Ruiz 是在登上领奖台接受颁奖时，看起来好像一点都不疲惫，而不是在冲刺终点线的时候；只有选项 D 说法“Rosie Ruiz 没有出现在比赛电视直播的画面里”在原文提到过。故选 D。44.B【解析】推理判断题。通读原文可知，这

12、三个骗局起初都蒙骗了许多人，故选项 B 说法是真实的。故选 B。45.A【解析】推断理解题。文章的标题为“三个世纪骗局”，文章介绍这三个曾欺骗蒙蔽过许多人的跨世纪的骗局，因为作者认为骗局并不是新生事物。故选 A。(2017浙江嘉兴舟山)CHave you ever been in a conflict(冲突)?Do you know how to solve it?Conflictresolution is a peaceful way of trying to solve a conflict.Both sides in the conflictexplain what they think

13、 happened to cause it.The person who listens to both sides iscalled the mediator(调解人).After both sides tell what they think happened to cause the conflict,they discussways to solve it.They try to come up with a“resolution”that both sides agree to.They cannot be angry during thecommunication.Everyone

14、 should use goodlistening and attending skills while talking.If voices get too loud or it appears thatsomeone is angry,the mediator will speak up and have them treat each other withrespect.After different suggestions are shared in how to mediate the conflict,it is timefordiscussing the best solution

15、(解决办法).Here is an example of how conflict resolution works step by step in a schoolplayground setting:Someone says a student pushed him on the football field.The person who was accused as the“pusher”says it was actually an accident.The person who was pushed gets the mediator.The mediator takes the t

16、wo persons to a quieter place,away from others to talk.4The mediator calms them down and lets them know heunderstands their feelings.Each person describes what happened.The mediator repeats what he heard,so it is clear toeveryone.The mediator asks for ideas to solve the problem.The two persons offer

17、 their own solutions.The two persons have a discussion and come to an agreement.The mediator makes sure the persons follow the solution.The mediator offers praise for solving the problem.Conflict resolution can be used in many environments.It encourages people totell what really happened,to share th

18、eir feelings,and to work together peacefully tosolve the problem.It offers people workable steps to reach an agreement with thehelp of a mediator.38.According to the passage,if two students have had a fight,they hadbetter_.A.call the policeB.get a mediatorC.ask parents for ideasD.describe the fight

19、to teachers39.In conflict resolution,the mediators job is to_.A.describe what really happened to both sidesB.help both sides reach an agreement in a proper wayC.listen to both sides and then punish the trouble makerD.write down what both sides have explained in the communication40.The underlined wor

20、ds“was accused”in this passage might mean“_”inChinese.A.被惩罚B.被轻视 C.被指责 D.被否定41.The writer gives the example in the passage in order to_.5A.show how a mediator works in a football matchB.help us know the importance of a mediator in daily lifeC.show how conflict resolution is used in different environ

21、mentsD.help us clearly understand the workable steps in conflict resolutionC 题材：安全问题【主旨大意】本文主要讲述遇到冲突时，如何解决冲突。并通过以描述校园冲突为例，具体描述调解人解决冲突的过程，以此强调解决冲突的重要性。38.B 细节推测题。从第一段提问后的答语可得知冲突调解是一个解决冲突的平和方法，倾听冲突双方的人叫做调解人，所以最好是找调解人。Conflict resolutionis a peaceful way of trying to solve a conflict.Both sides in the

22、conflict explain whatthey think happened to cause it.The person who listens to both sides is called themediator.故选 B。39.B 细节推测题。根据最后一段最后一句可得知。It offers people workable stepsto reach an agreement with the help of a mediator.通过调解人的帮助使冲突双方通过可行的解决办法达成一致。故选 B。40.C 词义猜测题。根据后文 as the“pusher”可得知 the person

23、是推人的一方，所以是被指责的一方。故选 C。41.D 主旨大意题。从第三段可得知 Here is an example of how conflict resolutionworks step by step in a school playground setting.可得知答案为 D。(2017江苏连云港)AThe Importance of First AidFirst aid is the immediate care given to a person whohas been injured or suddenly ill,including self-help andhome ca

24、re if medical help is not available or delayed.Firstaid knowledge means life or death during an emergencysituation so that the greatest possible good may be done for6the greatest number of people.General Treatment to Burns Move the injured away from the heat source.Check the breathing and pulse as w

25、ell as the extent and depth of hums.Flush the burnt area with water to reduce pain.Cover the wound with a sterilized(消毒的)dressing.For facial bums,use sheet or something else to cover the burnt area.Heatstroke(中暑中暑)To avoid heatstroke,you should stop rough activities in hot weather.If you arestill to

26、 go outdoors,you should:wear light loose-fitting clothing;rest in a cool place as often as possible;drink pure water or fruit juice;avoid beverage(饮料)such as milk,tea,wine,beer.FirstAid TrainingThere are some organizations giving first aid courses recognized by the localgovernment.For more informati

27、on,you can call the Fire Services AmbulanceCommand Training School on 2640 3708.31.If someone is burnt,you should let him or her _.A.wear light loose-filling clothingB.move away from the heat sourceC.rest in a cool place as often as possibleD.be covered with a sheet or something else32.According to

28、the passage,which of the following statements is NOT true?A.First aid is given when medical help is unavailable or delayed.B.Asterilized dressing is used to cover the wound to reduce pain.C.Beverage should be avoided if someone is suffering heatstroke.D.Acall on 2640 3708 can offer information about

29、 first aid training.733.What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage?A.To introduce some first aid training courses and schools.B.To show the importance of first aid with some examples.C.To praise an organization that is related to first aid training.D.To tell the readers how to perform s

30、ome first aid treatment.A 题材：安全问题【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于急救的一些常识。谈论了急救的重要性和对急救的一些训练以及中暑和烧伤等情况的处理办法。31.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中 Move the injured away from the heatsource.可知要远离烧伤源。故选 B。32.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段最第三条 Flush the burnt area with water to reducepain.可知用水冲洗患处可降低疼痛。B 选项表述不正确。故选 B。33.D【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知作者旨

31、在告诉人们如何进行一些急救治疗的表演。故选 D。(2017江苏南京）ADear Greg,I have gone next door.These are the things I want you to do.1.Get out of your school clothes.2.Clean up your room.3.Wash the dog.4.Brush the cat.5.Have some afternoon tea.BUT BEFORE you doANY of these.go outside into the garden.LoveMum826.The note told Gr

32、eg his mother was _.A.not at homeB.in the gardenC.washing the dogD.making afternoon tea27.What did Greg have to do in his room?A.Wash his uniform.B.Feed the pets.C.Have a rest.D.Make it tidy.28.What did Gregs mother ask him to do first?A.Go outside.B.Brush the cat.C.Have afternoon tea.D.Change his c

33、lothes.题材：日常生活【主旨大意】本文是一篇图文应用文。本文通过图文结合，妈妈告诉孩子外出时，孩子在家要做的几件事。26.A【解析】细节理解题。由文中“I have gone next door.”知，妈妈不在家。故选 A。27.D【解析】细节理解题。由文中“Clean up your room 打扫你的房间”知，要让房间变得整洁。故选 D。28.A【解析】细节理解题。由文中“go outside into the garden”知，妈妈叫他做事要到外面去。故选 A。(2017山东东营)DSir,I think I will tell you what happened last nig

34、ht.My husband Mr.Smithwent to bed at about half past ten.The servants had already gone to their rooms.Onlymy housekeeper stayed in her room at the top of the house until I needed her.I read a book in this room until after eleven.Then I walked round to make surethat all was right before I went upstai

35、rs(楼上).I went into the kitchen,the storeroom,the living room,and finally the dining-room.As I came near the window,which iscovered with thick curtains(窗帘),I suddenly felt the wind blow on my face,andrealized that it was open.I pulled the curtain to one side,and found myself face toface with a man wh

36、o had just walked into the room.By the light of my bedroomcandle,I saw two other men entering behind the first.I was so scared,walking back9quickly,but the man was on me in a minute.He caught me first by the wrist(手腕)and then by the throat.I tried to shout,but he hit me heavily over the eyes,and I f

37、ellto the ground.I must have been unconscious for a few minutes.When I woke up,Ifound they had tied me to the chair,and a scarf round my mouth stopped me frommaking any sound.At this time,my unlucky husband came into the room.He hadcertainly heard some suspicious(令人怀疑的)sounds,and he came prepared.Wh

38、enhe rushed at one of the bad men,another man took the poker(拔火棍)out of thefireplace quietly and hit him heavily as he passed.My husband fell without a soundand never moved again.51.When did the bad men go into the house?A.Before Mr.Smith went to bed.B.While Mrs.Smith was reading a book.C.Before the

39、 servants went to their rooms.D.When Mrs.Smith was checking the rooms.52.Where did the event take place?A.In the kitchen.B.In the dining-room.C.In the living room.D.In the storeroom.53.What does the underlined word“unconscious”mean?A.昏迷的B.疼痛的C.窘迫的D.发狂的54.What did the bad men NOT do after they went i

40、nto the house?A.They caught Mrs.Smith by the hair.B.They hit Mrs.Smith heavily.C.They tied Mrs.Smith.D.They killed Mr.Smith.55.Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?A.Mrs.Smith was too scared to cry for help.B.The bad men went into the room through the door.C.Mr.Smith guessed something un

41、usual was happening.D.Mr.Smith knew how many bad men were in the house.题材：日常生活10【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要是作者回忆几个坏人是如何进入到她的家里，她是被坏人抓住手腕并且击昏，他闻讯赶来的丈夫也惨遭坏人伤害致死。51.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段句子 As I came near the windowfoundmyself face to face with a man who had just walked into the room.可知当史密斯夫人检查房间的时候坏人进入了房子。故选 D。52.B

42、【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句 I went into the kitchen,the storeroom,the living room,and finally the dining-room.可知史密斯夫人最后来到餐厅，绑架事件发生在这里。故选 B。53.A【解析】细节理解。根据下句 When I woke up,I found they had tied me to thechair,and a scarf round my mouth stopped me from making any sound.中的关键词woke up 可知斯密斯夫人昏迷了。故选 A。54.A【解析】细节理

43、解题。根据文章第二段句子 He caught me first by the wrist(手腕)and then by the throat.可知坏人首先抓住斯密斯夫人的手腕，然后是喉咙。并没有抓住头发，所以 A 项错误。根据第二段句子 I tried to shout,but he hit meheavily over the eyes 可知 B 项提到了；根据第二段句子 When I woke up,I foundthey had tied me to the chair可知C项提到了；根据第二段最后句子My husband fellwithout a sound and never mo

44、ved again.可知斯密斯现在被坏人杀死了，所以 D 项提到了。故选 A。55.C【解析】细节理解题。A 项：斯密斯夫人太害怕了而不能呼救。根据第二段句子 When I woke up,I found they had tied me to the chair,and a scarf round mymouth stopped me from making any sound.可知因为坏人用围巾绑住斯密斯夫人的嘴，致使她发不出声音。所以 A 错误；B 项：坏人通过门进入房间。根据文章句子 I pulled the curtain to one side,and found myself f

45、ace to face with a man whohad just walked into the room.可知坏人是通过窗户进入房子的。所以 B 项错误；C项：斯密斯先生猜测到一些不寻常的事情发生。根据文章句子 He had certainlyheard some suspicious(令人怀疑的)sounds,and he came prepared.可知斯密斯先生听到了怀疑的声音，所以他猜测到有不寻常的事情发生。故 C 项正确；D 项：斯密斯先生知道有多少坏人。根据文章句子 When he rushed at one of the bad men,11another man took

46、 the poker(拔火棍)out of the fireplace quietly and hit him heavily ashe passed.可知斯密斯先生不知道背后有坏人，也就是说他不知道有多少坏人。所以 D 项错误。故选 C。(2017浙江绍兴)CMore Chinese universities are opening their libraries to the public,allowingpeople to enjoy reading during normal time and the vacations.But for some students,including

47、Wang Ling,21,in Sun Yat-sen University,thispractice has caused headaches.“Members of the public come to our library more forsightseeing than reading,”said Wang.“They sometimes even bring their kids along,and take photos as if it were aplace of interest.”Wang has found it hard to get a seat during bu

48、sy times.Being short of space is acommon problem for university libraries in China.However,this is not the only reason why students dislike their libraries beingopen to members of the public.They fear that the quietness of the libraries will beinfluenced because of visitorsrude behavior.Chen Jie,18,

49、a student in Tongji University,is one who would be againstopening to the public.“I have been to a public library before.People were chattingloudly or speaking on cell phone so you can hardly read,”Chen said.She noticesteachers doing serious reading and feels their concentration(专注)has influenced her

50、.“If too many strangers stay here,the whole library will be a noisy place and itsdifficult for us to study quietly,”she said.Will there be alternative(可替代的)ways to share those libraries?Some expertsconsider that university libraries can prevent the public from entering certain areas.“We might keep m