高中英语代词用法课件.ppt

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1、关于高中英语代词用法第1页，此课件共97页哦一一.概念概念第2页，此课件共97页哦第3页，此课件共97页哦二二.相关知识点相关知识点1.人称代词人称代词1)人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。第4页，此课件共97页哦口诀1 人称代词主宾格，作用不同莫用错。主格动词前做主，动词介词后宾格。You和it主宾同，其他主宾须分清。口诀2人称代词并列现，尊重他人礼当先。单数人称二三一，复数人称一二三。若把错误责任担，第一人称我靠前。第5页，此课件共97页哦2)人称代词有人称代词有主格和宾格主格和宾格之分。通常之分。通常主格作主格作主语主语，宾格作宾语宾格作宾语。如：。

2、如：I like table tennis.（作主语）（作主语）Do you know him?（作宾语）（作宾语）第6页，此课件共97页哦3)人称代词还可作人称代词还可作表语表语。作。作表语时用宾格表语时用宾格。-Who is knocking at the door?-Its me.第7页，此课件共97页哦4)人称代词在人称代词在than之之后与其他人或事物进后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用行比较时，用主格和主格和宾格宾格都可以。都可以。He is older than me.He is older than I.第8页，此课件共97页哦2.物主代词物主代词1)表示所有关系的代词叫表示所有关

3、系的代词叫物主代词物主代词。物主代词分物主代词分形容词性和名词性物主代词形容词性和名词性物主代词第9页，此课件共97页哦物主代词分两种，形容词性名词性。物主代词分两种，形容词性名词性。形容词性能力差，自己不能来当家。形容词性能力差，自己不能来当家。句子当中作定语，身后定把名词加。句子当中作定语，身后定把名词加。物主代词名词性，相当名词可单用。物主代词名词性，相当名词可单用。句中充当主宾表，身后没有名词影。句中充当主宾表，身后没有名词影。两种代词形不同，添个两种代词形不同，添个 s 形变名。形变名。his,its不用变，不用变，my变变mine要记清。要记清。第10页，此课件共97页哦2)形容词

4、性物主代词的作用相当于形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，形容词，可在句中作可在句中作定语定语。Our teacher is coming to see us.This is her pencil-box.第11页，此课件共97页哦3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词名词，在句中可用作在句中可用作主语、主语、宾语和表语宾语和表语。Our school is here,and theirs is there.（作主语）（作主语）-Is this English-book yours?（作表语）（作表语）-No.Mine is in my bag.第12页，此课件共97页哦

5、3.指示代词指示代词指示代词包括：指示代词包括：this，that，these those。第13页，此课件共97页哦1)this和和these一般用来指一般用来指在时间或空间上较在时间或空间上较近的事物或人近的事物或人，that和和those则指时间和空间则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人上较远的事物或人 This is a pen and that is a pencil We are busy these days In those days the workers had a hard time 第14页，此课件共97页哦2)有时有时that和和those指前面指前面讲到过的事物讲到过的事

6、物，this 和和these则是指则是指下面将要讲到的事物下面将要讲到的事物I had a cold.Thats why I didnt come.What I want to say is this;pronunciation is very important in learning English 第15页，此课件共97页哦3)有时有时为了避免重复提到的名词，为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用常可用that或或those代替代替 Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai第16页，此课件

7、共97页哦4)this 在电话用语中代表自己，在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方则代表对方 Hello!This is Mary.Is that Jack speaking?第17页，此课件共97页哦4.反身代词反身代词（反身代词代自己，句中可担宾同表）（反身代词代自己，句中可担宾同表）英语中用来英语中用来表示表示我自己我自己，你自己你自己，他自己他自己，我们自己我们自己，你们自己你们自己等等意义意义的代词称为的代词称为反身代词反身代词，也有人称之为，也有人称之为自身代名词自身代名词第18页，此课件共97页哦反身代词可以在句中作反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语宾语，表语，同位语

8、1)作作宾语宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。和宾语指同一个人或一些人。He called himself a writer2)作作表语表语。It doesnt matter.Ill be myself soon 3)作主语或宾语的同位语作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。表示亲自或本人。I myself washed the clothes第19页，此课件共97页哦短语enjoy oneselfmake oneself at homemake oneself understoodheardfor oneself为自己

9、为自己of oneself 自然地，自动地自然地，自动地 by oneself 独自地独自地第20页，此课件共97页哦5.5.不定代词不定代词不定代词的形式不定代词的形式 some,any,no,none,many,much,few,little,each,every,one,all,botheither,neither,other,another及及some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词构成的复合不定代词第21页，此课件共97页哦（1）both,all,either,any,neither,none比较比较都任何都不两者三者或三者以上botheitherneitherallan

10、ynone(1)-When shall we meet again?(2)-Make it _ day you like;its all the same to me.(3)(2)-Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?(4)-Im afraid _ day is possible.anyneither第22页，此课件共97页哦（2）none,no one(nobody),nothing比较比较(1)-How many of you have been to the Great Wall?-_.(2)-Who knows the answer to this qu

11、estion?-_.(3)-What are you doing now?-_.(4)Cities have theaters,museums and big sporting events,but small towns have _.NoneNo oneNothingnone第23页，此课件共97页哦noneno one nothing指代指代回答回答单复数单复数跟跟of结构结构人人/物物人人物物how many/how muchwhowhatC 单单/复复U 单单 单单单单第24页，此课件共97页哦（3）every,each的用法比较的用法比较意义意义作用作用与与of搭配搭配eachev

12、ery强调个体强调个体强调整体强调整体主主/宾宾/定定/同位语同位语定语定语1.They both came on time,but each left ahead of time.2.Tokyo and London are two large cities.I really love each.3.We send each other an e-meal each week.4.We each hope to have free weekends.5.Every student needs to be careful with their studies.We each _ a compa

13、ny car.(have)haveeach作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的单复数。作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的单复数。第25页，此课件共97页哦（4）another,other,the other,others,the others another other the other others the others用于泛指三者以上中的用于泛指三者以上中的“另一个另一个”作前置定语作前置定语,修饰单数或复数名词修饰单数或复数名词两者中的两者中的“另一个另一个”,是特指是特指泛指泛指“其他人其他人”或或“其他物其他物”指整体中除去一部分后指整体中除去一部分后,剩余的全部剩余的全部=other+名复名复

14、特定范围特定范围第26页，此课件共97页哦itone ones表同类同物表单数表同类同物表单数Yesterday,I bought a football,but now I cant find it.表同类但不同物表同类但不同物,表单数，可用形容词修饰，泛指表单数，可用形容词修饰，泛指There are many TV sets in the store;Would you like to take one?表同类但不同物表同类但不同物,表复数，可用形容词修饰，泛指表复数，可用形容词修饰，泛指I dont like green apples;I like red ones.（5）it,one,

15、ones,the one,the ones,that,those第27页，此课件共97页哦the one that表同类但不同物表同类但不同物,表特指，表单数表特指，表单数表同类但不同物表同类但不同物,指代单数或不可数指代单数或不可数The bridge made of stone is much stronger than the one made of wood.The boy told me his story and that of his sisters.The population of China is larger than that of any other country

16、in Asia.the ones/thoseThe books on the desk are better than the ones/those under the desk.表同类不同物，表特指，表复数表同类不同物，表特指，表复数第28页，此课件共97页哦some一一般般用用于于肯肯定定句句中中，但但在在表表示示请请求求并并希希望望对对方方能能给给予肯定回答时，可用于予肯定回答时，可用于疑问句疑问句 any一一般般用用于于否否定定和和疑疑问问句句中中，但但当当any强强调调“任任何何”时，也可用于时，也可用于肯定句肯定句中中同理，同理，something，somebody，someone

17、的用法同的用法同some anything，anybody，anyone的用法同的用法同any(6)some与与any第29页，此课件共97页哦 肯定句中，用于单数可数名词前表示肯定句中，用于单数可数名词前表示“某一某一”I have some friends.Smith went to some place in England.(定语定语)在期待对方回答在期待对方回答yes 时，时，some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中用在表示请求或邀请的问句中Would you like some bananas?（邀请）（邀请）Mum,could you give me some money?(请求请求)

18、返回目录some 的用法第30页，此课件共97页哦any 的用法的用法 any用于疑问句和否定句用于疑问句和否定句。Is there any student in the classroom?No,there isnt any student.any用于肯定句表示用于肯定句表示“任何任何”的的意思。意思。Any day is okay for me.第31页，此课件共97页哦(7)one,both,all one指人或物，指人或物，“一个一个”，其复数为，其复数为ones This is not the one I want.(表语表语)返回目录one 的用法的用法第32页，此课件共97页哦B

19、oth的用法both指人或指物，指人或指物，“两者都两者都”This maths problem can be worked out in both ways.(定语定语)注意：注意：1)both用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完全否定时，用全否定时，用neither。Both of us are not teachers.我们俩并不都是教师。我们俩并不都是教师。Neither of us is a teacher.我们俩都不是教师。我们俩都不是教师。2)both不能放在不能放在the、these、those、my等之后，而应等之后，而应放在它们的前面。放在它们的

20、前面。Both my parents like this film.第33页，此课件共97页哦all“全部的全部的”、“整个的整个的”，可与可数或不可数，可与可数或不可数名词连用，表示名词连用，表示“所有的所有的”、“全部的全部的”，指，指三个或三个以上三个或三个以上的人或物。的人或物。He gave me all the money.All the schools are flooded.all 的用法的用法第34页，此课件共97页哦all 用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用none。Not all the ants go out for food.Al

21、l the ants dont go out for food.并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。None of the money is mine.这钱一分也不是我的。这钱一分也不是我的。返回目录注意注意第35页，此课件共97页哦（8）few,little a few,a little few和和little表示没有多少，含表示没有多少，含否定否定意义意义a few 和和a little表示有一些，有几个，含表示有一些，有几个，含肯定肯定意义。意义。另外另外few、a few 修饰可数名词；修饰可数名词；little、a little修饰不可数名词。修饰不可数名

22、词。它们在句中常用作它们在句中常用作定语、主语和宾语定语、主语和宾语。第36页，此课件共97页哦(9)either和和neither either“两者中任何一个两者中任何一个”，修饰或代替单数可，修饰或代替单数可数名词数名词neither“两者中没有一个两者中没有一个”，修饰或代替单数，修饰或代替单数可数名词，它们可在句在可数名词，它们可在句在作主语、宾语或定语作主语、宾语或定语。Here are two pens.You may take either of them.(宾语宾语)Neither boy knows French.(定语定语)返回目录第37页，此课件共97页哦many和和m

23、uch都表示都表示“许多许多”，但，但many修饰或代替复数可数名词，修饰或代替复数可数名词，much修饰或代替不可数名词。修饰或代替不可数名词。它们在句中可作主语、宾语、定语。它们在句中可作主语、宾语、定语。（10）many和和much第38页，此课件共97页哦no=not any,表示表示“没有没有”，用来修饰可数名词或，用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词，通常作定语不可数名词，通常作定语He is no child.=He is not a child.none代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单形式；代替可数名

24、词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式。数也可用复数形式。注意注意none既可以指人又可以指物，既可以指人又可以指物，no one只能指人。只能指人。（11）no和和none第39页，此课件共97页哦each other相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为作宾语。其所有格分别为each others 作作定语。定语。6.相互代词相互代词第40页，此课件共97页哦who,whom,which,what,whose 疑问代词在句中疑问代词在句中作主语、宾语、定作主语、宾语、定语和表语语和表语。7.疑问代词疑问代词第41页，此课件共97页

25、哦（1）who/what 询问姓名或关系询问姓名或关系Who is he?He is my brother./He is Henry.询问职业或地位询问职业或地位What is he？He is a lawyer/teacher.第42页，此课件共97页哦 What/who 作主语时，谓语作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于说话人的视点，动词的数取决于说话人的视点，可单数也可复数。可单数也可复数。What is/are on the table?Who is/are in the library?第43页，此课件共97页哦(2)which与与who、what which表示表示在一定范围内在一定范围内

26、who、what则则无此限制无此限制 I found two books on the desk.Which is yours?第44页，此课件共97页哦连接代词与疑问代词的形式相同，主要有连接代词与疑问代词的形式相同，主要有who、whom、whose、what、which以及它们与以及它们与ever合成的代词合成的代词whoever、whomever、whatever、whichever等等。它们用来引导它们用来引导主语从句主语从句，宾语从句宾语从句和和表语从句表语从句，即连接复合句中的主句和从句，并在从句中担任即连接复合句中的主句和从句，并在从句中担任一定的句子成分一定的句子成分以以连接

27、代词引起的名词性从句前不能再加连接代词引起的名词性从句前不能再加that8.连接代词连接代词第45页，此课件共97页哦关系代词是用来引导定语从句的代词关系代词是用来引导定语从句的代词包括包括who、whom、whose、which、that等。等。9.关系代词关系代词第46页，此课件共97页哦一、单句填空一、单句填空 1.Our neighbours gave us a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its nest.(湖湖南南)2.Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _ aft

28、er an injury?(江西江西)itself itself 第47页，此课件共97页哦3.To save class time,our teacher has _ students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework.(湖南湖南)4.I intended to compare notes with a friend,but unfortunately _ couldnt spare me even one minute.(重庆重庆)us they 第48页，此课件共9

29、7页哦5.-Is your camera like Bills and Anns?-No,but its almost the same as_.6.The boy promised_ mother never to lie to _again.(全国全国)yours her his第49页，此课件共97页哦7.Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_.(全国全国)8.On my desk is a photo that my father took of _ when I was a baby.(2

30、010四川卷四川卷)themselves me 第50页，此课件共97页哦9.If our parents do everything for us children,we wont learn to depend on_.(2010上海卷上海卷)ourselves 第51页，此课件共97页哦二、语篇填空二、语篇填空(A)Yesterday evening,when I went to town with 1_ mother,we met a strange old man.It was raining hard and we had no umbrella.2 _ were trying t

31、o get into a taxi when 3_ came up to us.myWehe第52页，此课件共97页哦He was carrying a nice umbrella and he said that he would give it to 4_for only a pound.He had forgotten 5_ wallet,and he,needed taxi-fare to go back home.My mother didnt believe what he had said at first,and asked him a lot of questions suc

32、h as“Is this umbrella 6_?”ushisyours第53页，此课件共97页哦 But the old man didnt get into a taxi.We followed 7_ and found he went into a pub and bought 8_ a glass of whiskey with the pound.After he drank 9_,he put on his hat and took up one of the many wet umbrellas there and went off with the new10_.Soon af

33、ter that,he sold it again.himhimselfitone 第54页，此课件共97页哦(B)One day,as Zeng Zis wife was going out,her child began to cry,begging to go with 1_.“Stay home,”the mother said to him.“When 2_ return,well kill a pig for3_ dinner!”herIyour第55页，此课件共97页哦 When she came back,4_ found Zeng Zi preparing to slaugh

34、ter a pig for the childs meal.She hurried over to stop 5:_“What are you doing?Youre not really going to kill a pig,are you?I was just kidding him!”shehim第56页，此课件共97页哦“How can 6_ lie to children?”Zeng Zi replied.“7 _learn each and 8_ movement from 9 _ parents.If 10_ deceive your child with lies,you a

35、re teaching the child to lie.One cannot educate children this way.”In the end,Zeng Zi killed the pig.weTheyeverytheiryou第57页，此课件共97页哦第58页，此课件共97页哦1.表示两者表示两者“都都”用用both，两者中的，两者中的“任何一任何一个个”用用_，两者，两者“都不都不”，用，用_；表示多者表示多者“都都”用用_，多者中的，多者中的“任何一个任何一个”用用_;多者多者“都不都不”用用none。anyeitherneitherall第59页，此课件共97页哦2.另外，

36、还须注意以下几点：另外，还须注意以下几点：(1)表示否定可说表示否定可说not.either/any，但没有，但没有either/any.not的说法。的说法。(2)none可指人或物，一般要接表示范围的可指人或物，一般要接表示范围的of短短语；语；no one只能指人只能指人(=nobody)，不能接，不能接of短语。短语。(3)both/all与与not连用表示部分否定，意为连用表示部分否定，意为“并非都并非都”。第60页，此课件共97页哦1.To know more about the British Museum,you can use the Internet or go to th

37、e library,or _.(天津天津)2.It was hard for him to learn English in a family,in which _ of the parents spoke the language.(北京北京)一、单句填空一、单句填空bothneither第61页，此课件共97页哦3.-Which of the two computer games did you prefer?-Actually I didnt like _ of them.(宁宁夏夏)4.-How do you find your new classmates?-Most of them

38、 are kind.But _ is so good to me as Bruce.(福建福建)eithernone第62页，此课件共97页哦5.Richard is taller than _ of us three.6.They were _ tired,but none of them would stop to take a rest.7.Id like some more cheese.-Sorry,theres _ left.(浙江浙江)anyallnone 第63页，此课件共97页哦8.Wow!Youve got so many clothes.But _ of them are

39、 in fashion now.(2009上海卷上海卷)9.He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found_ of them again.(2010重重庆卷庆卷)none either 第64页，此课件共97页哦二、语篇填空二、语篇填空 My friend Tony and I always walk home together after school，for 1 _ live in the same block and 2_ of us go in for football.One afternoon on

40、3_ way home,we were about to say goodbye when we heard a loud shout behind 4_.webothourus第65页，此课件共97页哦 As we looked around to see what had happened,we found a middle-aged woman lying on the ground,bleeding.We soon realized that 5_ had been knocked down by the black car in front of her.she第66页，此课件共97

41、页哦We hurried to help 6_,but a man with dark glasses came over and tried to prevent Tony and 7 _ from getting closer to the wounded woman.So we got very angry with the man.How could 8_ stop us from helping a dying woman?The man asked us to turn around and we were surprised to see 9_ man carrying a vi

42、deo camera on 10_ shoulder.They were just shooting a film!hermeheanotherhis第67页，此课件共97页哦第68页，此课件共97页哦1.泛指：泛指：another或或“another单数可数名词单数可数名词”泛指泛指“另一，再另一，再(加加)一个一个”；其复数形式是；其复数形式是 _或或“other复数名词复数名词”泛指泛指“别人别人或别的事物或别的事物”。另外，还有。另外，还有some._(有些有些有些有些)之搭配。之搭配。othersothers第69页，此课件共97页哦2.特指：特指：the other或或“the o

43、ther+单数可数名单数可数名词词”特指两者中的另一个，常有特指两者中的另一个，常有one._(一个一个另一个另一个)的搭配；的搭配；其复数形式其复数形式_或或“the other 复数名复数名词词”，特指在某些人或物中，除去一部分后，特指在某些人或物中，除去一部分后，“其余的其余的”人或物。人或物。the othersthe other第70页，此课件共97页哦3.特殊用法：特殊用法：another用于用于“another基基数词数词(包括包括few)复数名词复数名词”中，与中，与“基数基数(包括包括some)other/more复数名词复数名词”相相当。当。第71页，此课件共97页哦1.W

44、e had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun,so lets have_ one this month.(天津天津)2.Both sides have accused _ of breaking the contract.(上海上海)anotherthe other第72页，此课件共97页哦3.Some people like to stay at home on Sunday but _ like to go to the cinema.4.If you want to change for a double room youll have

45、 to pay _$15.othersanother第73页，此课件共97页哦5.I have four pens.One is red;_(=_three)are black.6.I got the story from Tom and _ people who had worked with him.(天津天津)the othersthe othersome other 第74页，此课件共97页哦7.I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face _ day like that.(2009

46、山东卷山东卷)8.Ill spend half of my holiday practicing English and _ half learning drawing.(2010全国卷全国卷I)another the other 第75页，此课件共97页哦9.Neither side is prepared to talk to _ unless we can smooth thing over between them.(2010全国卷全国卷II)the other 第76页，此课件共97页哦第77页，此课件共97页哦1._和和_都替代都替代“the+单数名词单数名词”，都，都是特指，都可

47、替代可数和不可数名词；但是特指，都可替代可数和不可数名词；但_ 指前面提到的指前面提到的“同一同一”事物，而事物，而_是指前面提到的是指前面提到的“同类同类”事物。事物。itthatitthat第78页，此课件共97页哦2._替代替代“a单数可数名词单数可数名词”，表，表示泛指；其复数形式示泛指；其复数形式_替代泛指的替代泛指的复数名词。复数名词。oneones第79页，此课件共97页哦3._是是one的特指，替代的特指，替代“the+单数单数名词名词”，相当于，相当于that；其复数形式；其复数形式_，替代，替代“the+复数名词复数名词”，在，在口语中也可用口语中也可用those代替。当后

48、面有代替。当后面有of短语短语时，多用时，多用that或或those；当有前置修饰语时，；当有前置修饰语时，只能用只能用one(s)。the onethe ones第80页，此课件共97页哦4.one(s),the one(s),those都只能替代都只能替代_名词。名词。可数可数第81页，此课件共97页哦一、单句填空一、单句填空1.My father bought me a pen and I like2._ very much.2.Few pleasures can equal_ of a cool drink on a hot day.(A)用用one(s),the one(s),it,

49、that,those等填空。等填空。itthat第82页，此课件共97页哦3.We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen.So Peter made _ from some wood we had.4.The items we received are not_ we ordered.onethe ones/those第83页，此课件共97页哦5.This dictionary is more useful than _I bought yesterday.6.We still have shortcomings,and they are very big

50、 _ too.that/the oneones第84页，此课件共97页哦7.Waves of red light are about twice as long as _ of blue light.8.The population of Scotland was eight times as large as _ of Cornwall.thosethat第85页，此课件共97页哦9.One of the most important questions they had to consider was _ of public health.(2009全全国国I)10.The CDs are