高中英语名词性从句英语课件.ppt

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1、关于高中英语名词性从句英语第1页，此课件共91页哦简单句的基本词序简单句的基本词序主语主语动词部分动词部分宾语宾语 状语状语（谓语）（谓语）方式方式地点地点时间时间Ibought a hat yesterday.The children ran home.We ate our meal in silence.The car stopped suddenly.第2页，此课件共91页哦第3页，此课件共91页哦Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences:1.The world loves nature.2.Knowle

2、dge is power.3.We Chinese are peace-loving.subjectobjectpredicativesubjectsubjectsubjectappositionpredicative第4页，此课件共91页哦名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语主语 His job is important.What he does is important.表语表语This is his job.This is what he does every day.第5页，此课件共91页哦宾语宾语 I dont like his job.I

3、 dont like what he does every day.同位语同位语 I dont know about the man,Mr.White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.第6页，此课件共91页哦什么叫名词性从句？在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun ClausesNoun Clauses）名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合它在复合句中能担任句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语主语、宾语、表语、同位语等等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词因此根

4、据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句第7页，此课件共91页哦名词性从句名词性从句nounclause 主语从句主语从句subjectclause 宾语从句宾语从句objectclause 表语从句表语从句predicativeclause 同位语从句同位语从句appositiveclause第8页，此课件共91页哦主语从句主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语在复合句中作主句的主语.引导词有连词引导词有连词that(that 不可省不可省),whether;代词有代词有who,what,which

5、;副词副词when,where,how,why等等.如如:1.That he is a famous singer is known to us.(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)2.When he will go to America is not yet fixed.(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)第9页，此课件共91页哦We believe(that)he is honest.I told him(that)I would come back soon.He sa

6、id(that)he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there.宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语在复合句中作主句的宾语.引导词有连词引导词有连词that(that 常可省常可省略略),whether,if;代词有代词有who,whose,what,which;副词副词 when,where,how,why 等等.如如:第10页，此课件共91页哦表语从句表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语在复合句中作主句的表语.引导词有连词引导词有连词that(that 不可不可省省),whether;代词有代词有who,w

7、hat,which;副词副词 when,where,how,why 等等.如如:The problem is that we didnt get in touch with him.This is how Henry solved the problem.His suggestion is that we(should)finish the work at once.如果句子的主语是如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice.order等名词时等名词时,后面引导后面引导的表语从句用的表语从句用should+动词原形动词原形,should可省略可省略.第11页，此课件共91页哦同位语从句

8、同位语从句 在句中起同位语的作用在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词一般放在名词 fact,news,idea,promise,thought,suggestion 等之后等之后,用用以说明或解释前面的名词以说明或解释前面的名词.引导词有连词引导词有连词 that;少数少数情况下也可用连接副词等情况下也可用连接副词等.如如:1.The thought that we might succeed excited us.2.The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.3.The suggestion that th

9、e plan(should)be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.名词名词suggestion,advice.order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用要用should+动词原形动词原形,should可省略可省略.第12页，此课件共91页哦What are noun clauses?What are noun clauses?Hisstoryisinteresting.Whathesaidisinteresting.Iheardhisstory.Iheardwhathesaid.Ilistentohisstory.Ilisten

10、towhathesaid.Thisishisstory.Thisiswhathesaid.Theideaofgoingthereisgood.Theideathatwegothereisgood.Subject clauseObject clauseObject clause after a prepositionPredictive clauseAppositive clause第13页，此课件共91页哦Practicetime：指出下列各名词性从句的种类指出下列各名词性从句的种类1.Atlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwould

11、becomeathickfogintheafternoon.2.2.Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.3.3.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.4.4.Shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat.5.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.6.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.Object clauseObject clausePredicative clauseObject

12、clauseSubject clauseAppositive clause第14页，此课件共91页哦名词性从句中的名词性从句中的连接词连接词有有:连词连词:that/whether/as if(though);连接代词连接代词:what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever /whichever，连接副词连接副词:where/when/why/how /wherever/whenever。第15页，此课件共91页哦引导词引导词句型转换1.They are good doctors.He told us.2.He hadnt said anythin

13、g at the meeting.The fact surprised us.He told us that they were good doctors.The fact that he hadnt said anything at the meeting surprised us.总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名词性从句用词性从句用that引导。引导。第16页，此课件共91页哦3.Does your sister get up early?Do you know?4.Do animals have the same senses as humans?I

14、often wonder.Do you know if/whether your sister gets up early?I often wonder if/whether animals have the same senses as humans.总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成名词性从句用变成名词性从句用if或或whether引导。引导。第17页，此课件共91页哦5.When did he buy this new bike?Could you tell me?6.My question is this:where will the lecture

15、be given?Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?My question is where the lecture will be given.总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来引导。引导。第18页，此课件共91页哦总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。另总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。另外，一般情况下，名词性从句均看作单外，一般情况下，名词性从句均看作单数概念。由数概念。由what引导的一般看后面的表引导的一般看后面的表语。宾语从句

16、的时态一般与主句保持一语。宾语从句的时态一般与主句保持一致。致。1.What we need more time.2.What we need more English dictionaries.areis第19页，此课件共91页哦Practice time.单句改错1.That the earth turns around the sun are known to all.2.When the meeting will be held havent been known yet.3.I didnt know that you will come.4.He said that he is wr

17、iting a story.5.Could you tell me when will he arrive?6.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules._is_hasnt_would_was_hewill_Englishhas第20页，此课件共91页哦Object Clauses 宾语从句宾语从句第21页，此课件共91页哦1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾语语从从句句连词连词从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）

18、（复合句）第22页，此课件共91页哦宾语从句的概念：宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构：句子结构：主句主句+连词（引导词）连词（引导词）+宾语从句宾语从句第23页，此课件共91页哦一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）1.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是陈陈述述句句时时（包包括括肯肯定定句句和和否否定定句句），连连词词由由that引引导导，因因为为that在在从从句句中中不不作作任任何何成成分分，也也没没有有任任何何具具体体意意思思，因因此此在在口口语语或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略vvLinTaofeelsLinTaofeels(that

19、)(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.hisownteamisevenbetter.vvSheShe sayssays(that)(that)sheshe wontwont taketake partpart inin thethe sportssports meetingnextSunday.meetingnextSunday.vJimJimthoughtthought(that)(that)thethetraintrainwaswaslikelikea abigbigmovingmovingparty.party.第24页，此课件共91页哦2.宾语从句中的连接词宾语从

20、句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下在以下三种情况下不能省略：不能省略：（1）当）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个语时，第二个that不能省；不能省；（2）当）当that作介词宾语时，作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。不可省掉。（3）用）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglisha

21、loud.第25页，此课件共91页哦在在主主句句为为动动词词be加加某某些些形形容容词词（如如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等等）作作表表语语时时，后后面面所所跟跟的的省略省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句的从句也可算是宾语从句vImsorry(that)Idontknow.vWeresure(that)ourteamwillwin.vImafraid(that)hewontpasstheexam.第26页，此课件共91页哦2.2.当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是一一一一般般般般疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，由由由由连连连连词词词词whetherwhether

22、或或或或if if引引引引导导导导（口口口口语语语语中中中中常常常常用用用用if if），因因因因为为为为if/whetherif/whether翻翻翻翻译译译译成成成成：“是否是否是否是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略vvLilywantedtoknowLilywantedtoknow if/whetherif/whether hergrandmahergrandmalikedthehandbag.likedthehandbag.vvLetsseeLetssee if/whetherif/whethe

23、r wecanfindoutsomewecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.informationaboutthatcity.vSheaskedmeSheaskedme if/whetherif/whether shecouldborrowshecouldborrowthesebooks.thesebooks.第27页，此课件共91页哦whether与与if的辨用的辨用表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。a.主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句d.介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句e.后接动词不定式后接动词不定式(whet

24、her to do sth.)f.whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时连在一起引导宾语从句时不用不用if第28页，此课件共91页哦1).whether和和if都可以引导宾语从句都可以引导宾语从句a.当当whether后紧跟后紧跟ornot时时,不用不用if.eg:IdontknowwhetherornotIwillstay.b.介词介词后面的宾语从句不能用后面的宾语从句不能用if.eg:IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.2.注意注意 whether和和if的使用区别的使用区别第29页，此课件共91页哦Practicetimeif/whether

25、1.I asked her _ she had a bike.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.8.I dont know _ to go.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether第30页，此课件共91页哦3.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是特特殊殊疑疑问问句句时时，由由连连接接代代词词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或或连连接接副副词词（when,where,how,w

26、hy）引引导导，因因为为连连接接代代词词或或连连接接副副词词在在从从句句中中担担任任一一定定的的句句子子成成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略vvDoyouknowDoyouknowwhatwhathesaidjustnow?hesaidjustnow?vIdontrememberIdontrememberwhenwhenwearrived.wearrived.vvIaskedhimIaskedhimwherewhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Icouldgetsomuchmoney.vvPleasetellmePleasetellmewho

27、(whom)who(whom)wehavetosee.wehavetosee.vvDoyouknowDoyouknowwhatwhattimetheplaneleaves?timetheplaneleaves?第31页，此课件共91页哦带带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句的词组也都可以引导宾语从句vCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowoftenhowoftenyougoabroadforayougoabroadforaholiday?holiday?vvCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowlonghowlongthemeetingwillla

28、st?themeetingwilllast?vvIdontknowIdontknowhowfarhowfaritistothecinema.itistothecinema.vvPleasetellusPleasetellushowmanyhowmanystudentsthereareinyourstudentsthereareinyourschool?school?vvCanyoutellusCanyoutellushowoldhowoldhisbrotheris?hisbrotheris?vvPleasetellusPleasetellushowsoonhowsoonyouwillberea

29、dy.youwillbeready.vvCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowmuchhowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan?itcoststoflytoHainan?第32页，此课件共91页哦二、时态二、时态1.1.1.1.如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时 ，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括

30、一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）vvIknowheliveshere.Iknowheliveshere.vvIknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.vvIhaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.第33页

31、，此课件共91页哦2.2.如如如如果果果果主主主主句句句句是是是是过过过过去去去去的的的的时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行行行行时时时时），那那那那么么么么从从从从句句句句的的的的时时时时态态态态一一一一定定定定要要要要用用用用相相相相对对对对应应应应的的的的过过过过去去去去的的的的某某某某种种种种时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行行行行时时时时，过过过过去去去去将将将将来来来来时时时时，过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）vIknewwholi

32、vedhere.Iknewwholivedhere.vvIsawshewastalkingwithhermother.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.vvHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebackHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.tomorrow.vvHesaidthathehadseenit.Hesaidthathehadseenit.第34页，此课件共91页哦3.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。时用一般现在时。vThe

33、teachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.第35页，此课件共91页哦1.Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey_(return)italready.5.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)will be goes were playing ha

34、ve returned had been 第36页，此课件共91页哦6.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)7.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)8.LingFengtoldmehe_totheGreatWallseveraltimes.(be)wrote has taken had been 第37页，此课件共91页哦三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分第38页，此课件共91页哦1.Whenwillhegototheli

35、brary?His brother asks when he will go to thelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idontknowwhathewantstobuy.Idontknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.第39页，此课件共91页哦1could/would是是委委婉婉语语气气，而而不不是是过过去去式式，因因此此宾宾语语从从句句的的时时态态根根据据实实际际情情况况用用不不同同时时态。态。注意事项vvCouldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowour

36、Couldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?tickets?vvCouldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?vvWouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?第40页，此课件共91页哦2.如如果果主主句句的的谓谓语语动动词词是是ask时时，连连词词不不可可能能是是that；如果主句的谓语动词是如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用时，连词用thatvShes

37、ays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.vHesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.vHeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.vYoumayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.第41页，此课件共91页哦3.否定的转移否定的转移:若主语谓语动词为若主语谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等等,其后的宾语从句若含其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移

38、到主句一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。从句谓语用肯定式。Idontthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.(我我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。认为这件衣服不适合你穿。)第42页，此课件共91页哦4.it常可以放在动词常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语等后作为形式宾语:it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语式宾语而真正的宾语-that从句则放在句从句则放在句尾尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。Wehearditthats

39、hewouldgetmarriednextmonth.第43页，此课件共91页哦主句主句主句主句从句从句从句从句一般将来时态一般将来时态一般将来时态一般将来时态 一般现在时态一般现在时态一般现在时态一般现在时态祈使句祈使句祈使句祈使句含有情态动词含有情态动词含有情态动词含有情态动词DoDoyouyouknowknowifif_back_backnextnextweekweek?IfIfhehe_backback,pleasepleaseletmeknow.letmeknow.A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comesA.hecomes,willcomeB.will

40、hecome,comesC.hewillcome,comesD.hewillcome,willcomeC.hewillcome,comesD.hewillcome,willcome5.5.连词连词连词连词 ifif和和和和 whenwhen在不同从句中的区别：在不同从句中的区别：在不同从句中的区别：在不同从句中的区别：CIdontknowwhenhe_(come).Icantwaithereanymore.Whenhe_(come),wouldyoupleaseaskhimtocallme?willcomecomes第44页，此课件共91页哦1.1.Theyoungmanasked_itssu

41、mmerorwinter.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whetherA.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.2.Wedontknow_theydidit.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.whichA.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.when

42、D.whattimeA.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime 4.4.DoesDoes anybodyanybody knowknow _ oror notnot wewe willwill havehave a asportsmeetingthisweekend.sportsmeetingthisweekend.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatA.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC第45页，此课件共91页哦5.5.Couldyoushowme_?Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationA.howca

43、nIgettothestationB.whereisthestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_.6.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeA.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelikeC.whathelikesD.whathelik

44、e7.Mysistertoldhim_.7.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedA.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD第46页，此课件共91页哦8.8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisA.whois

45、heB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?9.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchA.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaD.haveyoubeenam

46、emberofGreenerChina10.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.10.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoA.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoBCD第47页，此课件共91页哦Predicative Clauses 表语从句表语从句第48页，此课件共91页哦表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从表语从句是在复合句中

47、作表语的名词性从句句,放在系动词之后放在系动词之后,一般结构是一般结构是“主主语语+系动词系动词+表语从句表语从句”。可以接表语。可以接表语从句的系动词有从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。等。另外另外,常用的还有常用的还有thereasonwhyisthat和和Itisbecause等结构。例如：等结构。例如：第49页，此课件共91页哦.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后系动词之后.作用作用:对主语进行解释说明。对主语进行解释说明。连接词：连接词：that/whether/as if/as though（if

48、 不不 引引导导 表语从句表语从句)连接代词：连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what 连接副词：连接副词：when/where/why/how/because The question is whether we can rely on him.Thats because we were in need of money at that time.He looked as if he was going to cry.Thats why I was late.第50页，此课件共91页哦注注 意：意：1.在表语从句中，表在表语从句中，表“是否是否”时，只能用时，只能用“wh

49、ether”不不能用能用“If”。2.一般情况下，一般情况下，“that”不能省。不能省。3.It is/was because.4.It is/was why.5.3.The reason(why/for)is/was that.6.4 The reason is because/whythat .第51页，此课件共91页哦名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句在这种句型中，常用表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth 或表示看法，观点的名词，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主语。如：1.The fact is t

50、hat our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person who informed against her husband.第52页，此课件共91页哦注意注意表表语语从从句句的的引引导导词词与与主主语语从从句句和和宾宾语语从句相同从句相同.但但:1.:1.that引导表语从句时不能省引导表语从句时不能省.2.2.if不能引导表语从句不能引导表语从句.第53页，此课件共91页哦1.Thats_thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis