高考英语——非谓语动词专题.doc

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1、英语非谓语动词一，作表语主系表（系动词包括：be, look, smell, taste, seem, sound, feel, turn, get, become, appear）主语是人，用动词的ed形式，例如：I am bored. 主语是物，用动词的ing形式，例如：The film is boring. 注：be + 动词的ed形式，也可以是被动语态。例如：They were trapped. 强调状态They were trapped by the flood. 强调动作二，作定语单个分词+n./pron. n./pron. + 分词短语可以转换成定语从句。看与被修饰词的关系而定：

2、动词的过去分词形式表示被动，完成：例如：a developed country Guests (who were) invited to the party 动词的现在分词形式表示主动，进行：例如：a developing countryThe girl (who is) dancing there 注：a reading room = a room for reading(v-ing) 表示用途。三，作宾补看与宾语的关系而定：动词的过去分词形式表示被动，完成,动词的现在分词形式表示主动，进行。1，感官动词（see, watch, notice, observe, hear, listen t

3、o, smell, taste, seem, sound, feel, find）+宾语+宾补例如：I saw a man knocked down by a car. I hear a girl singing in the next room. 2，使役动词（have, make,let, get, keep, leave）+宾语+宾补例如：Have you got your films developed? I am sorry to keep you waiting so long. 注：a，make oneself+动词的过去分词（heard, understood, known）表

4、示结果。例如：He raised his voice in order to make himself heard by all the people at the meeting. b，have/make/let sth done 表示主语让人做sth. 例如：I have my hair cut. She had the Amber Room moved to a new place. c. 表示“希望，要求”的动词（want, wish, like, expect, order）+宾语+宾补也可以在动词过去分词前加to be。例如：The manager wouldnt like the

5、 problem (to be) discussed. d. with+宾语+宾补，在句中表示时间，原因，方式，条件状语等。例如：With the thing settled, we all went home. 四，作状语可以表示时间，原因，方式，条件，让步，伴随等状语，此时，可以转换为相应的状语从句。看与逻辑主语的关系：动词的过去分词形式表示被动，完成,例如：Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks like a big garden. 动词的现在分词形式表示主动，进行。例如：Seeing from the top of the hill,

6、 we can get a wonderful view of the city. 注：动词过去分词，现在分词作状语，可以在其前面加when，while, if, unless, once, although等，构成“连词+分词”结构。例如：When (it is) completed, the park will be open to the public. When (you are) crossing the road, you must be careful. 习题练习1. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired,

7、_ on your feet.A. to keep B.keeping C. having kept D. to have kept2. _ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.A. Use B. Using C.Used D. To use3. _ the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.A. Find B.Finding C. To find D. Found4. _ the early flight, we ordered a taxi in adva

8、nce and got up very early.A. Catching B. Caught C.To catch D. Catch5. The park was full of people, _ themselves in the sunshine.A. having enjoyed B. enjoyed C.enjoying D. to enjoy6. If _ for the job, youll be informed soon.A. to accept B. accept C. accepting D.accepted7. _ it easier to get in touch

9、with us, youd better keep this card at hand.A. Made B. Make C. Making D.To make8. _ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.A. Ordering B. To order C. Having ordered D.Ordered9. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _ the old town into a dreamland.A. turn B.turning C. t

10、o turn D. turned10. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online _ their valuable time.A. save B. saving C.to save D. saved11. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ from butterflies to elephants.A.ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged12. The writer has

11、won the hearts of millions of children with the rich stories _ from her childhood memories.A. drawing B. to draw C. draw D.drawn13. Liz decided to hang a few pictures on the wall _ the room.A. decorated B. decorating C.to decorate D. decorate14. First _ in 1926, the opera Turandot still attracts aud

12、ience from all over the world.A. perform B. performing C. to perform D.performed15. The rainy weather lasted for a couple of days, completely _ our plan for a picnic.A. being ruined B. to ruin C. ruined D.ruining16._ all morning doing the experiment in the lab, John took a short lunch break.A.Spendi

13、ng B.Having spent C.To have spent D.Spend17.Much time _ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.A. being spent B. having spent C.spent D. spending18.The lecture _, a lively question-and-answer session followed.A. being given B. having given C. to be given D.having

14、 been given五、非谓语动词的七大经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式。1._ his opinions more clearly, he used some body language.A. Express B. Expressing C. Expressed D. To express原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing。1. Robert had a comfortable childhood, _ up in a pleasant house with a view of the sea.A. grew B. growing C. grown D. to grow

15、2. My flight was delayed, so I read a book _ time.A. kill B. killing C. to kill D. having killed3. She works in theatre, _ in her fathers footsteps.A. to follow B. following C. followed D. being followeding形式作伴随状语与to do作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号。原则三：用作

16、结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。1.In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, _ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel.A. making B. made C. make D. makes2. Bob checked the equipment thoroughly, only _ the power was not set.A.find

17、 B. found C. finding D. to find3.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _ more patients to be treated.A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed4. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _ it didnt fit.A. to find B. found C. finding D.

18、 having found原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式。1.You look sleepy today._ not to miss the flight, I didnt dare to close my eyes the whole night.A. Reminded B. Being reminded C. Reminding D. Having reminded原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致。1._ from this point, th

19、e problem presents no easy solution.A. See B. To see C. Seen D. Seeing原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或-ing的完成式）。1._ the heart attack, Monica brought her doctor a bunch of flowers to express her thanks.A. Surviving B. To survive C. Survived D. Having survived2. _ as a volunteer teacher in

20、 Tibet for a year, Linda has become more experienced.A. To work B. Working C. Having worked D. Worked原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生; 用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。1. The Winter Olympics _ in 2022 will surely bring in many international tourists.A. held B. having held C. holding D. to be held2. To tell the truth, I didnt expect that there were so many people _ the idea.A. supported B. supporting C. to support D. having supported