Unit 6 When was it invented？ -人教新目标九年级英语单元知识点精编.doc

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1、Unit 6 When was it invented? 知识点精编及练习1. invent v. 发明；创造.e.g. Do you know who invented the electric light bulb? Edison.【词汇扩展】 inventor n. 发明家 invention n. 发明（物）【辨析】invent & discover & find1. invent指发明创造出自然界本来不存在的东西，如工具、方法、手段、汽车、电器、合成材料等。e.g. Bell invented thetelephone.2. discover是“发现”的意思,是指发现原来就有而一直没

2、被发现，如发现电、煤、石油等矿藏及新星、星系或科学真理等。e.g. ColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492. 3. find的意思是“寻找”，强调找的结果，并不指发现。e.g. Ivetriedtofindanothercopybutcouldntfindone.我试图再找一本，但没能弄到。2.be used for doing sth.表示“被用来 做某事”。 =be used to do sth. e.g. This computer is used to control/ is used for controlling all the machines. 这台电脑

3、是用来控制所有机器的。3.think about 表示“考虑，想起” e.g. He is thinking about travelling in the summer holidays. 他正在考虑暑假旅游的事。【短语拓展】think 短语 think of考虑，记忆，记起think sth. over仔细想，审慎思考，作进一步考虑think up 想出 （= come up with ）4. style n. 样式、款式the style of 的样式in style 流行、时髦 out of style 过时e.g. The style of the blouse is my moth

4、ers favorite.e.g. My handbag is out of style .I want to buy a new one in style. 我的手提包过时了，我想买个新的时髦的。5. pleasuren. 高兴，愉快Itsmypleasure. 这是我的荣幸。Withpleasure.好的,没问题；十分乐意e.g. Itsmypleasuretohelpyoulookafteryourpetcat.我感到很荣幸帮你照看你的宠物猫。e.g. -Would you please come to the dancing party with me tonight ? -With

5、pleasure .I suppose we shall have a wonderful night! 【辨析】please & pleased & pleasure &pleasant1) please vt. 表请求或要求的语气。e.g.- Sitdown,please.请坐。（=Pleasesitdown） vi. “讨好，讨人喜欢；喜欢” vt. “使高兴，使意” e.g. Whatpleasesyoubest?你最喜欢什么？2) pleased adj. “高兴的，喜欢的，满意的”它指的是人主观上感到的心理满足e.g. Impleasedtoseeyou!见到你真兴！常用句型有：b

6、epleasedtodosth.高兴做某事bepleasedat/about/with/by对感到满意/高兴bepleasedthat从句对感到满意/高兴3） pleasant adj. “令人愉快的,让人感到满意”。主语一般为物。e.g. Thewalkwasverypleasant.4) pleasure n.“满足；乐趣；消遣、娱乐”e.g. Itsapleasuretoreadthisbook.读这本书真是件乐事。6. such/so的用法1）such修饰n. /n. 词组 such +a/an + adj. +cn. (单数)e.g. He had such a great infl

7、uence on his students.他对他的学生产生了如此大的影响。 such + adj. +cn. ( pl.) / un （注意：当名词前有many ,much, few, little修饰时，此句型用so而不用such）e.g. I am sorry that I dont have such beautiful paintings. e.g. There are so many leaves on the ground.2) so修饰adj. /adv. so +adj. + a/an +cn.(单数) /+ un. e.g. My friend sent me so pre

8、tty a postcard. so + adj./ adv. e.g. He spoke so quickly that I cant understand what he said.7. daily 1). adj. 每日的；日常的 =everydaye.g. What is your daily /everyday work?2). n. 日报Peoples Daily 人民日报 China Daily 中国日报3). adv. 每日，天天e.g. The zoo is open daily.8. list1) v. 列表; 列清单e.g. We listed our ten favor

9、ite songs.2) cn. 名单、清单A shopping list 一份购物清单 make a list of 列一份的清单9. mention v. 提到;说明 + n./pron./v-ing /that 从句e.g. Have you mentioned this to her ?Nobody mentioned going out to help him.【拓展】Dont mention it 不客气；不用谢e.g. Thanks a lot. - Dont mention it.10. by accident 偶然地；意外地 = by chance e.g. I met he

10、r by chance in a crowded bus.Davids success didnt come by accident. 大卫的成功不是偶然的。11.It is said that据说e.g. It is said that the important material is used for making rocket.据说那种重要的材料是用来制造火箭的。【扩展】类似结构：It is believed that 人们认为It is known that 总所周知It is reported that 据报道12. fall into 落入; 陷入e.g. He fell int

11、o the river suddenly.【拓展】 fall 短语fall behind 落后 fall down 摔倒fall off (从上)掉下 fall asleep 入睡13. remainv. 保持；剩余;残余 remain “停留,留下”，相当于stay。“呆在那里”可以说remain/staythere，但“呆在家里”只能说stay(at)home。1) vi”剩下、仍有; 留下、逗留”e.g.Sheremainsinthehouseallthesedays.她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。2) remain用作连系动词，意为“保持(某种状态)，继续存在，仍旧是”，后面接形容词，名

12、词，分词,或介词短语作表语。e.g. He remains silent most of the time. e.g. She remained standing though we repeatedly asked her to sit down.虽然我们三番五次地请她坐下，她还是站着。e.g. He had to remain in hospital until he was better. 他不得不一直住院直到身体好些。14. smell /taste 做连系动词时，后+adj. 做表语e.g. The soup smells sour. 这汤闻起来很酸。These oranges ta

13、ste nice.15. one of +复数n/代词宾格 之一。作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。e.g. One of them was invited to the celebration.One of the + adj. 最高级+可数n复数 最的之一e.g. He is one of the best students in our class.16. thousand/hundred/million/billion 千/百/百万/十亿1)表示确数：基数词+thousand/hundred/million/billione.g. There are two hundred people i

14、n the hall.2）表示概数thousands /hundreds /millions /billions + of e.g. Thousands of trees are planted along the river every year in this area.17.take place 发生；出现 是不及物动词词组，不能用于被动语态； e.g. Her sisters marriage took place at 8:00 today. 她姐姐的婚礼今天八点举行。【 辨析】take place & happen1) take place常指事先安排或事发有因的事情。 e.g.

15、May Fourth Movement took place in 1919.2) happen常指偶然发生的事情e.g. How did that accident happen?18. 辨析: one & it & that 1) one 泛指前文提到的那类人或物中的一个，即同类不同物。复数形式为ones.2) It 指代前文提到过的那个人或物，即同类同物。复数形式为they/them.e.g. I searched everywhere for my pen , but I didnt find it , so I bought a new one. 我到处找我的钢笔，但是我没有找到它，

16、因此我买了支新的。3) that 特指前文提到的名词，常用在比较的句子中。复数形式为those.e.g. The weather in Beijing is different from that in Guangzhou.19. somebody pron. 某人= someone 通常用于肯定句中。anybody = anyone , 用于否定句或疑问句中。somebody / anybody 做主语时，谓语动词要用单三式。e.g. Listen ! Somebody is singing in the room.e.g. Has anybody read the book ? 有谁读过这

17、本书吗？20. translate v. 翻译translate into 把翻译成e.g. They translated his book into several languages translator n. 翻译家;译者 translation n. 翻译21. ring (rangrung) (使)发出钟声或铃声 cn. 戒指e.g. Please ring the bell before you enter the house .请在进屋前按门铃。e.g. My ring is made of silver. 我的戒指是银制的。22. by mistake错误地；无意中 e.g.

18、 Somebody took the my umbrella by mistake. 有人错拿了我的伞。23. in the end = at last =finally 最后; 最终e.g. They were out of danger in the end . 他们最后脱险了。1)at the end of + 地点/+时间 在的尽头/在结束时e.g. at the end of the street.在街道的尽头At the end of this week.在这个周末2) by the end of 在底以前（用于将来时态或过去完成时态的句子里）e.g. We will finish

19、 the work by the end of this year.24. Canadian adj. 加拿大的；加拿大人的cn. 加拿大人 ( pl. ) Canadianse.g. That man is a Canadian teacher.Two Canadians are taking photos in the park.25. divide v. 分开；分散 divide into 把分开；分散 . 被动为：be divided intoe.g. She divided the orange into quarters and each ate a piece. 她把橙子分成四份

20、，每人吃一份。 26. stopfrom doing sth.阻止做某事=prevent / keepfrom doing sth.e.g. The guard stopped the stranger from getting into the hall. 警卫阻止陌生人接近这个大厅。e.g. The forest can stop the water (from) washing the earth away. 森林能防止水冲走泥土。27. dream v. 梦想、希望、梦见cn. 梦、梦想dream of / about doing sth. 梦想做某事e.g. I dream of /

21、 about travelling to France.dream that + 从句 梦想e.g. She dreamed that one day she would be famous .她梦想有一天能出名。e.g. I had a terrible dream last night.Work hard and your dream will come true.=Work hard and you will achieve your dream.28. look up to 钦佩 ,羡慕=admire; 仰起头看. to 为介词。e.g. They look up to him for

22、 his knowledge.他们因为他的学识而钦佩他。【拓展】：look词组look back 回头看; 回顾 look down upon (on) 看不起,轻视look forward to 盼望，期待 look into 朝.看去; 调查look like 看上去象 look on 旁观，观望 look out 当心，小心，留神 look through 浏览；查看look up 查阅; 抬头看29. hero cn. 英雄 (pl.)heroes【口诀】：英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆，真有意思（es）hero-heroes tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoese.g

23、. Those who fought for freedom are all heroes.30. encourage v. 鼓励1) encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事e.g. The heroes encourage us young people to work hard for our country.那些英雄鼓励我们年轻人为我们的国家而努力学习。2）encourage sb. in sth. 在方面鼓励;助长某人的某种行为。e.g. Dont encourage him in laziness. 别助长他的懒惰行为。练习一、用所给单词的正确形式填空：1.

24、The blender is used for_ (make)a banana milk shake. 2. The car_ (invent)in 1885. 3. They_ (use)animals to do this kind of work in the past.4. Tom takes no_ (please)in his work. 5. Electricity is becoming more and more important in our_ (day)lives.6. When was the telephone _ (invent)? 7. The computer

25、 can _ us do math problems (help). 8. In those days, the woman couldnt _(afford)a TV because they were really expensive. 9. A friend of _ (I) came to see me last week. 10. I think you need to _ (take) a history class.二、选择方框内合适的词并用其适当形式填空salt, sweet, mistake, thin, call1.Eating too much _food is bad

26、for your teeth. 2.There is a basketball star _Lin Shuhao in the NBA. Many basketball fans like him. 3. If you arent careful enough, youll make some _in your homework. 4. Dont add salt any more, its so _that we cant eat. 5. The ice is too_. Its dangerous to skate on it.三、单项选择 ( )1.The kind of cup is

27、used _drinking. A. to B. as C. by D. for( )2.My mother and my sister kept on talking, but my father _silent all the time. A. got B. kept C. turned D. looked( )3.I think the short story _by Lu Xun. A. is writing B. is written C. written D. was written( )4.Who _the electric light lamp_? Edison. A. was

28、; invented B. is; invented C. was; invented by D. did; invented by( )5. The girl thought she was not_, so she didnt eat breakfast every day. A. thin enoughB. enough thin C. heavy enough D. enough heavy( )6.Wang Xue has a friend _Lin Yu. A. call B. calling C. called D. to call( )7. Jenny passed the e

29、xam_. A. at the end B. by the end C. in the end D. in the end of( )8. I couldnt find my pen anywhere. Dont worry. Maybe someone took it_. A. by mistake B. made a mistakeC. make mistakes D. for mistake答案：一：1. making 2. was invented 3. used 4. pleasure 5. daily 6. invented 7. help 8. afford9. mine 10 take二：1. sweet 2. called 3. mistakes 4. salty 5. thin三：1-5 DBDCA 6-8 CCA9原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！