《高考英语一轮复习复习:形容词与副词的用法总结.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语一轮复习复习:形容词与副词的用法总结.docx(5页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、形容词和副司的基本用法1.形容词的作用用作定语,一般置于所修饰的名词之前;但当被修的名词是由不定代词 one.no,any.some 和every构成的复合词,如anything,something时,通常放在所修饰的词后。She is a beautiful girl.她是一个漂亮的女孩,和司I have something interesting to tell you.l我有一些有趣的事情要告诉你。(2)用作表语,与连系动词be,grow,get,become,feel,appear,prove,seem,look,keep,smell,taste,sound,tum,remain等连用
2、。The desk is clean.这张桌子是干净的。The weather is getting warmer and warmer,天气变得越来越暖和了。(3)用作宾语补足语。The news made everyone happy.这个消息让每个人都很高兴。Ithink it very interesting.我认为它很有趣。(4)与定冠阅连用表示某一类人或物,在句中可作主语或宾语。The rich and the poor live very different lives.富人和穷人的生活极为不同特别提示:thetadj,指一类人,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式;the+adj.若指不
3、别或插象概念,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式,如The young are mostly ambitious.年轻人多单有雄心。The departed was a good friend of his.死者是他的一位好朋友,(5)作状语,表示伴随状况,原因、结果等。He went to bed,cold and hungry.他又冷又饿地上床睡觉了。Mr White stared into the distance,specchless for a moenent.怀特先生凝视着远方,沉默了一会儿。2.副词的作用(1)副词一般在句中作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。He had work
4、ed hard all his life.他一生都努力工作。(修饰动词)He is very diligent.他非常勤奋(修饰形容词)You can find books on that subjsct quite casily.你能很容易地找到关于那个科目的书。(修饰动词)Luckily,she was in when I called.幸运的是,当我打电话的时候地在。(修饰句子)(2)副词还可作表语。One of the trees is down.一棵树倒了。The train is not in yet.火车还没进弟。(3)有时副词还可用作定语,一般放在所修饰词的后面,也可放在前面。
5、The population here is getting smaller and smaller.这里的人口数量越来越少。On my way home,I saw an old lady.我在回家的路上看见了一个老太太。(4)副词可以作补语,说明宾语或主语所处的位置、状态等。Did you sce anybody in?你看到思面有人吗?(作宾语补足)The boy was suen upstairs.有人看见那个男孩上楼了。(作主语补足语)(5)表示位置的副调常与动词构成短语,表示特定的意思,如pick out,turm up,think over等。表语形容词表语形容词(如afraid
6、,alone,awake,asleep,alive,alike,ashamed,afloat,well,sorry,unable,worth,sure)并非只能作表语,它们还可以作补足语,有的还可作后置定语(一般不作前置定语)。To my surprise,the driver is still alive after the traffic accident.令我惊讶的是,交通事故发生后,司机还活着。The people,and the people alone,are the motive force in the making of world history.人民,只有人民,才是创造世
7、界历史的动力。六、副词enough的用法1.enough作副词用来修饰形容词、副词时要放在所修饰词的后面。Students brave enough to take this adventure course will certainly leam a lot of useful skills.足够勇敢参加这次探隐课的学生肯定会学到很多有用的技能。Strangely enough,some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.很奇怪,一些著名的科学家具有细心和粗心的双重特点。2,cann
8、ot 与enougb连用,表示“再也不为过”。You cannot be careful enough.你再细心也不为过。注意:enough的此种用法还可用“cannot(never等否定词).too.”表达。Mary,look,what did I find?玛丽,你看我找到什么了?-Oh,my lost key.I cant thank you too much.(=l cant thank you much enough.)噢,我丢失的钥匙。太感谢你了。I was riding along the street and all of a sudden,a car cut in and k
9、nocked me down.我正沿着大街骑车,突然一辆汽车横插过来,把我撞倒了,一You can never be too careful in the street,在大衡上,你再小心也不为过。副词never,scldom,rarely,hardly,scarcely,litle,few 放在句首时,要用部分倒装。Never have I seen such a thing in my college days.我在大学时从未见过这样的东西.形容调和副词的比较级和最高级1.形容词和副词比较级的构成(1)单音节形容词以及少数以-ers-ow结尾的双音节形容词和副词加-er/-est.如:na
10、rrow,fast,clever等。(2)以-e结尾的单音节形容词和副同以及少数以-ble,-ple 结尾的双音节形容词和副词,后加-r/-st,如;large,able,simple等。(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的单音节形容词,其前的元音字母发短元音时,该辅音字母要双写,然后加-er/-est。如:hot,(4)以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加-ly构成的副词将y改为i,再加-er/-est。如;easy,heavy,carly等。(5)一般双音节、多音节形容词和副词在原级前加more或most,如:beautiful,careful等。(6)少数单音节形容词也加more和mos
11、t构成比较级和最高级,如:tired,pleased等。(7)有些形容词,副词的比较级和最高级可有两种构成方法。cruel crueler,cruelest/more cruel,most cruel, often, oftener,oftenest/more often,most often, sricter,stricest, more strict, most strict, friendlier friendliest, more friendly, most friendly.(8) 不规则形式 good/well better best; bad worse worst; far farther furthest; many/much more most; little less least; old elder/older eldest/oldest.(9)多音节形容词和副词在变为比较级或最高级时,在思边加more,most,也可加less,least,这两种方式所构成的比较级和最高级意思相反。Of the two toys,he chose the more expensive one.在两个玩具中,他选择了较贵的那一个。of the two toys,he chose the less expensive one.在两个玩具中,他选择了不太贵的那一个。
限制150内