高考英语阅读之说明文套餐加强练.doc

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1、2022高考英语说明文套餐加强练Passage 1The different parts of a health care system have different focuses. A hospitals stroke(中风) unit monitors blood flow in the brain. The cardiac unit is interested in that same flow, but through and from the heart. Each collection of equipment and data is effective in its own f

2、ield. Thus, like the story of blind men feeling an elephant, modern health care offers many separate pictures of a patient, but rarely a useful united one.On top of all this, the instruments that doctors use to monitor health are often expensive, as is the training required to use them. That combine

3、d cost is too high for the medical system to scan regularly, for early signs of illness, so patients are at risk of heart disease or a stroke.An unusual research project called AlzEye, run by Moorfields Eye Hospital in London, in cooperation with University College, London (UCL) , may change this. I

4、t is attempting to use the eye as a window through which signals about the health of other organs could be discovered. The doctors in charge of it, Siegfried Wagner and Pearse Keane, are studying Moorfields database of eye scans, which offers a detailed picture of the health of the retina (视网膜).The

5、project will go a step further：With the information about other aspects of patients health collected from other hospitals around England, doctors will be able to look for more accurate signs of disease through eye scans.The Moorfields data set has lots of linked cases to work withfar more than any s

6、imilar project. For instance, the UK Biobank, one of the worlds leading collections of medical data about individual people, contains 631 cases of a “major cardiac adverse event”. The Moorfields data contain about 12, 000 such. The Biobank has data on about 1, 500 stroke patients. Moorfields has 11,

7、 900. For the disease on which the Moorfields project will focus to start with dementia, the data set holds 15, 100 cases. The only comparable study has 86.Wagner and Keane are searching for patterns in the eye that show the emergence of disease elsewhere in the body. If such patterns could be recog

8、nized reliably, the potential impact would be huge.1. Why does the author mention “the story of blind men feeling an elephant” in Paragraph 1?A. To claim the ineffectiveness of our health care system.B. To tell the similarity in various health care units.C. To explain the limitation of modern health

9、 care.D. To show the complexity of patients pictures.2. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The challenge of making advanced medical instruments.B. The high risk of getting a heart disease or a stroke.C. The inconvenience of modern health care service.D. The incomplete an

10、d expensive health monitoring.3. How does AlzEye work?A. By thoroughly examining ones body organs.B. By identifying ones state of health through eye scans.C. By helping doctors discover ones diseases of the eye.D. By comparing the eye-scan data from different hospitals.4. What can be inferred about

11、the Moorfieldss project from Paragraph 5?A. It takes advantage of abundantly available medical data.B. It makes the collection of medical data more convenient.C. It improves the Moorfields competitiveness in the medical field.D. It strengthens data sharing between the Moorfields and the Biobank.Pass

12、age 2Did you know that the average child has heard the word “no” over 20,000 times before they turn the age of three? Ironically, it is also around this time that children begin to develop enough personal character to refuse to obey. The “terrible twos” are categorized by a lack of understanding. So

13、mewhere between three and four, children begin to acquire the skills to reason. It is during this time they watch how other children and adults reason. If were not careful, the children will watch us model a world of “NOs”.By the time a person turns eighteen, how many times have they been told no? I

14、 havent found any studies that even attempted to track this statistic, but Im sure if the number is 20,000 by three, then at eighteen that number has multiplied. You can do the math.Anyway, I think I know why we say no. We say no to protect. We say no to direct. We say no to stop potential confusion

15、. However, do we sometimes say no just for the sake of saying no? Do we say no because we have internalized(内在化) all of the “NOs” weve heard over the years and we feel it is finally our time to say no to someone else?The internalized NO can damage the growth process of dreams in infancy as quickly a

16、s it can weaken a three-year-old. And we wonder why we run into people with big, un-accomplished dreams who have a bit of a chip on their shoulder. They have to take on the 20,000 NOs. However, the thing that keeps them going is the possibility of the power of one YES! Just as it only takes one book

17、 to make a writer a Pulitzer Prize Winner, it only takes one word to change the course of your day. That word is YES!1. What do we know about two-year-old?A. They understand well.B. They often say no to others.C. They think logically.D. They dont do all theyre told.2. What effect does saying no have

18、 on children?A. They lose all their dreams.B. They arent easy to succeed.C. They dont make mistakes.D. They never say yes to others.3. Which word best describes the authors attitude to a world of “NOs”?A. Tolerant. B. Disapproving. C. Favorable. D. Carefree.4. What is the text?A. A how-to guide.B. A

19、 survey report. C. An opinion essay. D. A short story.Passage 3Chinese high school students have the most positive attitude towards online learning compared with those in the United States, Japan and the Republic of Korea (ROK), according to a report released by China Youth Daily.The study, conducte

20、d by researchers at China Youth and Children Research Center, including their counterparts in the other three countries, covered 3,903 Chinese high school students, 1,521 US high school students, 2,204 Japanese high school students and 1,618 high school students of the ROK.The report showed that mos

21、t of the surveyed students in the four countries embrace online learning.“Online learning is important” is perceived by 87.1 percent of Chinese students, and “on-learning is interesting” is supported by 91.2 percent of Chinese students, both a little higher than that in any of the other three countr

22、ies. More than 94 percent of Chinese high school students believe that online learning can expend scope of knowledge, while 86.8 percent believe that they can learn from first-class teachers via the Internet, according to the report.Through online learning can push the boundaries of time and space,

23、the report said the students were easily distracted, adding that students in the four countries expressed similar concern such as poor vision, reliance on the Internet and less effort in problem-solving on their own.1. What do most Chinese students think of online learning?A. It is of great importan

24、ce.B. It is helpful but kind of boring.C. It helps them stay focused at home.D. It is less interesting than classroom learning.2. Which can best explain “embrace” underlined in Paragraph 3?A. Schedule. B. Accept. C. Abandon. D. Update.3. Which of the following is one of the advantages of online lear

25、ning?A. It makes students feel at school.B. Students can attend classes given by excellent teachers.C. Students will work harder when they are learning online.D. It enables students to know more about their classmates.4. What can we infer from the text?A. China Daily did the study.B. American studen

26、ts dislike online learning.C. Students in the world enjoy online learning.D Online learning may lead to students bad eyesight.Passage 4Coffee chains create a lot of waste, from disposable take-away cups to the used grounds that are sent to landfills. Starbucks has started to try recyclable alternati

27、ves to the disposable cups. But the used coffee is often unnoted.The world drinks around 2 billion cups of coffee a day, producing 6 million tons of used grounds every year. When they go to landfills, the grounds release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.UK Bio-bea

28、n has found a way to turn that waste into a valuable resource. At Bio-bean, used coffee grounds are processed to remove paper cups or plastic bags, and then passed through a dryer and a further screening process. They are finally processed into the fuelCoffee Log.“Coffee is highly calorific and lend

29、s itself to being a really fantastic fuel,” says May, director of Bio-bean. “They burn about 20% hotter and 20% longer than wood logs do.”While these fuels release greenhouse gases when burned, if they replace other carbon-based fuels, Bio-bean estimates that the recycling process reduces emissions(

30、排放) by 80% compared with sending the grounds to landfills.Founded in 2013 Bio-bean grew rapidly, launching coffee collection services across the UK and building the worlds first coffee recycling factory only two years later. In 2016 they launched their first product, Coffee Log, and are now ready to

31、 launch their first natural flavouring ingredient into the food and drink industry.“Weve really managed to succeed with our innovation because weve managed to get to scale. What started as a good idea is today the UKs largest recycler of coffee grounds. We are turning 7,000 tons of those grounds per

32、 year into the fuel,” says George May. “Despite being delayed by the COVID-19, we plan to expand our operation into northwestern Europe within the next five years.”1. What do the first two paragraphs suggest?A. Its necessary to limit coffee consumption.B. Drinking coffee is popular around the world.

33、C. Measures should be taken to recycle coffee waste.D. Coffee grounds are the main cause of global warming.2. What is the Bio-beans Coffee Log?A. A solid fuel.B. A natural food.C. A cup of hot coffee.D. A tree trunk.3. What do we know about Bio-bean?A. It is a high-tech company with a long history.B

34、. It is a promising recycler of coffee grounds.C. It is started to produce coffee and fuels.D. Its developing faster than Starbucks.4. What does the underlined phrase “get to scale” in the last paragraph mean?A. Give accurate measurement.B. Cover a wide range.C. Do mass production.D. Classify differ

35、ent grades.Passage 5Time and how we experience it have always puzzled us. Physicists have created fascinating theories, but their time is measured by a pendulum (钟摆) and is not psychological time, which leaps with little regard to the clock or calendar. As someone who understood the distinction obse

36、rved, “When you sit with a nice girl for two hours it seems like a minute, but when you sit on a hot stove, a minute seems like two hours.”Psychologists have long noticed that larger units of time, such as months and years, fly on swifter wings as we age. They also note that the more time is structu

37、red with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass. For example, a day at the office flies compared with a day at the beach.Expectation and familiarity also make time seem to flow more rapidly. Almost all of us have had the experience of driving somewhere weve never been before.

38、Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no real idea of when well arrive, we experience the trip as lasing a long time. But the return trip, although exactly as long, seems to take far less time. The novelty of the outward journey has become routine.When days become as identical as beads(小珠子)on a str

39、ing, they mix together, and even months become a single day. To counter this, try to find ways to interrupt the structure of your dayto stop time, so to speak.Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passage of time. One of the reasons the days of our youth seems to be full and long is

40、that these are the days of learning and discovery. For many of us, learning ends when we leave school, but this doesnt have to be.1. What is the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 used to show?A. Psychological time is quite puzzling.B. Time should not be measured by a pendulum.C. Physical time is di

41、fferent from psychological time.D. Physical theory has nothing to do with the true sense of time.2. Why do units of time fly faster as we grow older?A. Our sense of time changes.B. We spend less time at the beach.C. More time is structured and scheduled.D. Time is structured with too many appointmen

42、ts.3. What does “novelty” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Excitement. B. Unfamiliarity. C. Imagination. D. Amusement.4. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To give various explanations about time.B. To describe how we experience time physically.C. To show the differences of two kinds of time.D. To

43、 explain why time flies and how to slow it down.Passage 6There are billions of people on this planet, and many of us love to eat meat. Can the demand be filled in a sustainable (可持续的) and affordable way? A bunch of businessmen are not only optimistic but are working to make this happen sooner than y

44、ou may think.The environmental effects caused by meat consumption (食用)waste, animal treatment, health problems and even the greenhouse gas effects that are potentially caused by methane gas produced by cowshave given rise to a number of startups (新兴公司) looking to develop meats in different ways.For

45、example, San Francisco-based Memphis Meats is developing cell-based meats in its labs without requiring any animals. Israels Future Meat Technologies is doing the same by producing fat and muscle cells that are being tested by chefs in Jerusalem. All of these companies use special processes to harve

46、st cells from animals and grow them in a lab.But dont worry if youre not a meat lover. Startups such as Jet Eat, which is also based in Israel, are working on food products grown in labs that are plant-based and replicate (复制) meats using natural elements while still keeping flavor, consistency and

47、the “overall sensory experience”, according to a report on NoCamels. Jet Eat, which was founded in early 2018, aims to 3D-print their lab-grown products by 2020.As you can imagine, there are plenty of barriers facing the industry. Educating the public is a big one. Another controversial issue is the

48、 labeling of the products. Recently both the USDA and the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) announced that they will begin jointly controlling the new “cell-based meat” category.Many of us have concerns about the challenges facing future generations as our global population increases and the earths natural resources decrease. The good news is that there are plenty of businessmen around the worldlike those producing lab-grown meatswho are working to solve some of these problems and make a little money in the process. Nothing wrong with that. 1. Why