高考英语3500词汇表达 阅读训练（DAY 31）含答案解析.doc

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1、2022高考英语3500词汇表达+阅读训练（DAY 31）目录内容Section A高频词汇讲解以及短语表达Section B阅读理解+七选五强化训练Section C完型填空综合练习Section A高频词汇讲解以及短语表达1. nest n. 巢，窝；安乐窝；温床 vt. 筑巢；嵌套 vi. 筑巢；找鸟巢常用短语：empty nest 空巢；空巢期；儿女长大离家nest egg 储蓄金，储备金（为养老或应变等用）hornets nest n. 黄蜂窝；马蜂窝mares nest 幻想的东西；杂乱；骗局2. lead a life 过着的生活3. childhood n. 童年时期4. lo

2、ok down upon 看不起相关短语：turn up ones nose at 对嗤之以鼻；看不起5. generation n. 一代；产生；一代人；生殖常用短语：generation gap 代沟（两代人之间的隔阂）power generation 发电，发电量；发电机设备generation after generation 生生世世6. intend vt. 打算；想要；意指 vi. 有打算常用短语：intend to do sth. 打算做某事be intended for 被用于 (某目的或某人)intend for 希望有或接到；打算成为7. come across 偶遇；无

3、意中发现；讲得清楚明白；给人印象8. by chance 偶然；意外地9. deliver vt. 交付；发表；递送；释放；给予（打击）；给接生 vi. 实现；传送；履行；投递 n. 投球常用短语：deliver sth. somewhere 递送deliver up 交出，放弃deliver from 从处释放出来10. audience n. 观众；听众；读者；接见11. crowd n. 群众,一伙;一堆,许多,大众 vt. 挤满,将塞进;催促,催逼 vi. 挤,拥挤,聚集常用短语：a crowd of 一大群；许多的crowd out vt. 挤出；推开crowd into 涌入；挤入

4、follow the crowd 随大流crowd around 围拢，聚集在周围be crowded with 拥塞；挤满；充满12. move off 离开；出发，走掉；死；畅销13. inspire vt. 激发；鼓舞；启示；产生；使生灵感常用短语：inspires sb.to do sth. 鼓舞; 激励sb./ sth. inspires sb. 唤起; 激起be inspired by 赋以灵感; 给以启示14. carry on 继续；坚持carry on an activity 开展活动15. support vt. 支持，支撑，支援；扶持，帮助；赡养，供养 n. 支持，维持；

5、支援，供养；支持者，支撑物常用短语：in support of 支持；拥护support oneself 养活自己 , 振作精神 support of 支持；赞助support for 对的支持16. institute vt. 开始（调查）；制定；创立；提起（诉讼）n. 学会，协会；学院例句：We will institute a number of measures to better safeguard the public.我们将制定许多措施更好地保护公众。【制定 (规章、制度); 创立 正式】17. entertainment n. 娱乐；消遣；款待18. outspoken adj

6、. 坦率的，直言不讳的19. modest adj. 谦虚的，谦逊的；适度的；端庄的；羞怯的词语辨析：这组词都有“谦恭的”的意思，区别是：humble 指精神和行为上的谦逊。褒义指对自己或自己的成就不骄傲；贬义指过低地评价自己，对人低声下气。modest 含义广泛，指行为或态度等方面不自大、不虚荣、不傲慢、不武断和不自负。20. respect n. 尊敬，尊重；方面；敬意 vt. 尊敬，尊重；遵守常用短语：respect oneself 自重in respect of 关于，涉及respect for 尊重；对的尊敬in many respects 在许多方面respect yourself

7、 自我尊重with all due respect 恕我直言；冒昧的说have respect for 尊敬；重视；关心；考虑show respect for 对表示尊重pay respect to 考虑；关心in respect that 因为in one respect 在某一点上，在一点上；在一个方面pay ones respects to 向致敬；尊敬command respect 使人敬仰；令人肃然起敬respect of persons 偏袒，袒护，偏心(尤指根据交情、势力、财富而待人有差别) without respect to 不论，不顾Section B阅读理解强化训练Pas

8、sage 1.After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. T

9、he two belong together.Together, these deep human urges (驱策力) count for much more that ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious an

10、d asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why?”Fortunately, curiosity and discontent dont have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them.“The great man,” said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not lose his childs heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challe

11、nging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible

12、 it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldnt arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious abo

13、ut how the experts did it. How she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You havent any special ability? Most people dont; there are only a few geniuses. You havent any time? Thats good because its always the people with no time wh

14、o get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Toms Cabin while cooking. Youre too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.However you start, remember there is no better time t

15、o start than right now, for youll never be more alive than you are at this moment.1. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to _.A. propose a definition B. make a comparisonC. reach a conclusion D. present an argument2. What does the example of Galileo tell us?A. Trial and error leads to the findin

16、g of truth.B. Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.C. Creativity results from challenging authority.D. Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.3. What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent?A. Observe the unknown around you.B. Develop a questioning mind.C. Lead a life of ad

17、venture.D. Follow the fashion.4. What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7?A. Gaining success helps you become an expert.B. The genius tends to get things done creatively.C. Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.D. You should remain modest when approaching perfection.Passage 2A h

18、ousewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. _1_ And it is good time to fill

19、 the new space with love and hopefully presents._2_ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isnt a registr

20、y, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant._3_ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party

21、will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. _4_Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would act

22、ually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. _5_ Now most homes have central heating and dont use fires to keep warm.A. This isnt usual though.B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.D. If youre lucky enough to

23、 receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.Section C完型填空综合练习Trackers on IceJust because

24、a scientist puts a GPS tracking collar on a wild polar bear does not mean the animal will willingly keep it on. 1 , these huge collars are purposefully loose so that if one becomes annoying, a bear can 2 it. But scientists have now found a way to use signals from the discarded(丢弃的)devices.“These dro

25、pped collars 3 would have been considered garbage data,” says Natasha Klappstein, a polar bear researcher at the University of Alberta. She and her colleagues instead used 4 from such collars, left on sea ice in Canadas Hudson Bay, to track the ice itself. For their study, published in June in The C

26、ryosphere, the researchers 5 twenty collars that sent movement data consistent(与一致的)with ice drift rather than polar bear 6 between 2005 and 2015. The resulting records of how melting ice typically drifts in Hudson Bay are unique; there are no easily 7 on-the-ground sensors, and satellite observatio

27、ns often cannot 8 capture the motion of small ice sheets.The team compared the discarded collars movements with widely used ice-drift modeling data from the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). Collar data indicated that the NSIDC model underestimates the speed at which ice moves around i

28、n Hudson Bay-as well as the overall 9 of drift. Over the course of several months the model could drift away from an ice sheets location by a few hundred kilometers, the researchers say.This means the bears may be working harder, when moving against the direction of the ice, than scientists had 10 .

29、“Since were underestimating the speed of drift, were likely underestimating the energetic effort of polar bears, says Natasha Klappstein. The research reveals 11 insight (洞悉) into how highly mobile ice moves. As melting increases in coming years, such ice will likely become more 12 farther north, in

30、 the central Arctic. Scientists had known NSIDC data could underestimate drift speeds, but “any time we can find a data 13 ,it is a good thing.”Plus,such data could improve predictions about how oil spills or other pollutants may spread in seas 14 with drifting ice, says Walt Meier, a senior NSIDC r

31、esearch scientist,who was not involved in the study. The findings may even 15 future NSIDC models. “Its a really nice data set,” Meier says.And certainly one well take consideration.1AIn factBIn a wayCIn additionDIn the end2AdestroyBremoveCresistDreject3AparticularlyBrelevantlyCintentionallyDpotenti

32、ally4AestimatesBsubjectsCmeasurementsDpatents5AdisplayedBidentifiedCjustifiedDpreserved6AbehaviorBhabitatCmannerDmotion7AflexibleBfavorableCaccessibleDchangeable8AinternallyBaccuratelyCsecurelyDindependently9AextentBdamageCtrendDlimit10AagreedBpromisedCprovedDassumed11AimmediateBsuperiorCentireDtime

33、ly12AevidentBuniqueCcommonDrealistic13AgapBscanCboomDfit14AreplacedBlitteredCpackedDmatched15AreverseBresembleCinfluenceDmotivate参考答案Passage 11.根据第一段内容After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average perf

34、ormance curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.可知，作者经过多年对人性的观察，认为成就非凡的人和平庸的人的区别在于好奇心和不满足，而且两者是相辅相成的。由此推知，作者写第一段的目的是提出一个论点。故选D。2.根据第二段中的Like Galileo, all the great names in history

35、were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why?”可知，像伽利略一样，历史上所有的伟人都感到好奇，并不满地问：“为什么？为什么？为什么？”由此推知，伽利略的例子告诉我们，伟大来自于持久的探索欲望。故选D。3.根据第二段中的Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why?”及第四段中的“The great man,” said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not

36、 lose his childs heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd.可知，历史上所有的伟人都感到好奇，并不满地问：“为什么？为什么？为什么？”孟子认为“不失去孩子的心，就是伟大的人。”然而，我们大多数人确实失去了它。我们不再问问题。我们不再挑战习俗。我们只是随大流。由此可知，你可以通过培养了一个善于提问的头脑，来重新获得好奇心和不满。故选B。4.根据第六段中的How she is one of the

37、experts, writing books on flower arrangement.及第七段中的You havent any special ability? Most people dont; there are only a few geniuses. You havent any time? Thats good, because its always the people with no time who get things done.以及列举了Thomas Costain在57岁时出版了他的第一部小说，Grandma Moses在78岁时展示了她的第一批照片。由此可知，这两段

38、想告诉我们“缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由”。故选C。Passage 21.上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好

39、时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。2.下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。3.本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据

40、后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn t a lot of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。4.本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁

41、聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。5.上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。Passage 31考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，这些巨大的项圈是故意松开的，如果一个项圈让熊觉得讨厌，熊可能会把它取下来。A. In fact事实上；B. In a way某种程度上；C. In addition另外；D. In the end最后。根据上下文可

42、知，科学家将GPS跟踪项圈放在野生北极熊身上，并不意味着北极熊会愿意继续使用它。后文表示实际情况，项圈是故意松开的，可以被北极熊摘下的。故选A项。2考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这些巨大的项圈是故意松开的，这样如果一个项圈让熊觉得讨厌，熊可能会把它取下来。A. destroy摧毁；B. remove移掉，脱下，摘下；C. resist抵抗，抵制；D. reject拒绝。此处表示北极熊不愿带项圈时，项圈是可以被北极熊摘下的。故选B项。3考查副词词义辨析。句意：“这些掉下来的项圈很有可能被认为是垃圾数据，”阿尔伯塔大学的北极熊研究人员娜塔莎克拉普斯坦说。A. particularly尤其；B.

43、relevantly相关地；C. intentionally有意地；D. potentially有可能地。根据上文语境，由于项圈可以被松开，因此，这部分掉下来的项圈很有可能被认为是垃圾数据。故选D项。4考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，她和她的同事利用遗留在加拿大哈德逊湾的冰块上留下的项圈上的测量数据来追踪冰块本身。A. estimates估计；B. subjects主题；C. measurements测量数据；D. patents专利。与上文garbage data呼应，根据本句中“from such collars”可知，在项圈上的应该是测量数据。故选C项。5考查动词词义辨析。句意：在六月份发

44、表在冰冻圈上的研究中，研究人员鉴定了20个项圈，它们在2005年到2015年之间发送的运动数据与冰层漂移而不是与北极熊的运动一致。A. displayed展示；B. identified识别，鉴定；C. justified证明合法；D. preserved保护。此处是出于研究目的，从四个选项来看只有identified最符合搭配。故选B项。6考查名词词义辨析。句意：在六月份发表在冰冻圈上的研究中，研究人员鉴定了20个项圈，它们在2005年到2015年之间发送的运动数据与冰层漂移而不是与北极熊的运动一致。A. behavior行为；B. habitat栖息地；C. manner方式、礼仪；D.

45、motion运动。本题为单词复现题。第8空所在的句子“and satellite observations often cannot accurately capture the motion of small ice sheets”中出现了motion。故选D项。7考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关于融化的冰如何在哈德逊湾典型漂移的结果记录是独特的：地面传感器不易探测，卫星观测常常无法准确捕捉小冰原的运动。A. flexible灵活的；B. favorable赞许的；C. accessible易接近的、可理解的；D. changeable可改变的。根据“often cannot”及“no easi

46、ly”可知，此处表示无法探测地面传感器。故选C项。8考查副词词义辨析。句意：关于融化的冰如何在哈德逊湾典型漂移的结果记录是独特的：地面传感器不易探测，卫星观测常常无法准确捕捉小冰原的运动。A. internally内部地；B. accurately精确地；C. securely安全地；D. independently独立地。根据“capture the motion of small ice sheets”及“no easily”可知，此处表示无法精确捕捉小冰原的运动。故选B项。9考查名词词义辨析。句意：项圈数据表明，NSIDC模型低估了哈德逊湾海冰移动的速度以及漂移的总体范围。A. exte

47、nt范围；B. damage毁坏；C. trend趋势；D. limit限制。根据下文“Over the course of several months the model could drift away from an ice sheets location by a few hundred kilometers”可知，此处指总体的漂移范围。故选A项。10考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着北极熊在逆冰移动的时候可能比科学家们想象的更加努力。A. agreed同意；B. promised保证；C. proved证明；D. assumed设想，假设。根据后文的“underestimating”可知，此处表示科学家的设想。故选D项。11考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项研究及时地揭示了高速移动的冰是如何移动的。A. immediate立刻的；B. superior更好的，上级的；C. entire 整体的；D. timely及时的。从文章后面对于近年冰盖变化的描述来看，此处是表达科学家对于冰盖漂移发现的及时性。故选D项