山西省太原市第五中学2022届高三英语下学期3月摸底考试试题.doc

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1、山西省太原市第五中学2022届高三英语下学期3月摸底考试试题第二局部 阅读理解共两节，总分值60分第一节 共15小题；每题3分，总分值45分阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。AWhat if you could take your drawing pen and simply scan any color you want and then turn around and draw with it? This new pen design allows you to do that. That is Scribble. And its very easy to

2、 use.How does Scribble work?The built-in RGB sensor (传感器) lets you easily get any color simply point it at an object and press the button! Red, green and blue inks are then mixed much like in a traditional printer to create your desired color.Different tipsThe Scribble Pen (for paper) comes with thr

3、ee different sizes of drawing tips. Scribble is perfect for both drawing and writing. The Scribble Stylus Pen comes with two different tips hard tip and soft tip. It works on more than just paper; it can be used for drawing or writing on your mobile device.Rechargeable batteryScribbles battery is re

4、chargeable and lightweight. The Scribble Pens battery lasts seven hours. And the Scribble Stylus Pens battery lasts as long as 15 hours.PriceThe regular price of a Scribble Pen is US$400. Now, you can have it at 40% off the regular price. And you can have a Scribble Stylus Pen at US$119 (save US$80)

5、. You also need to pay US$15 for postage. Remember to choose the color you want. At present, we offer five colors for you to choose from. If you are an artist, you really need a pen like this. Its the last pen you will ever need to buy.To learn more information about the products you can visit our w

6、ebsite.1. What can we learn about Scribble from the passage?A. It is connected to a printer.B. It is lighter than an ordinary pen.C. It doesnt need electricity to work.D. It can be used for both drawing and writing. 2. Which is true about the Scribble Stylus Pen?A. It works best on paper.B. It can c

7、reate five colors at present.C. It is initially designed for mobile devices.D. It has a better battery life than the Scribble Pen.3. If you buy a Scribble Pen now, how much should you pay in total?A. US$175.B. US$240.C. US$255.D. US$260.BBIt was a nervous time. World War II had started, and British

8、ships were always watching for German submarines called U-boats. The ship Ben Lomond had left Cape Town, South Africa, with a crew of 55, including a young officer named Poon Lim.On November 23, 1942, the worst fear came true. The Ben Lomond was attacked by a U-boat. Within minutes the boat was sink

9、ing. Poon Lim grabbed a life jacket and leaped over the side. He swam rapidly away from the ship in case it exploded. Sure enough, it let out a large boom and sank beneath the waves. For two hours Poon Lim struggled in the water. Once he almost got onto a life raft with five other sailors, but it go

10、t away from his grasp. Then he saw another life raft that was empty, swam to it, and climbed aboard. He found a few cans of biscuits, a water jug, some flares, and a flashlight, which could be enough supplies for about a month.Day after day Poon Lim had his few biscuits and a couple of sips of water

11、. He searched the horizon for ships. Twice he leaped up to shout and wave when he saw help coming. Once he saw a freight ship. It passed him. At a later time, he saw a United States Navy plane. It flew low over the raft but then disappeared. Still later a U-boat spotted him but for some reason left

12、him alone.Poon Lim knew he needed to stay strong. He couldnt get much exercise on an eight-foot-square raft, but he could swim. A couple of times a day, he circled the raft, always watching for sharks. Soon his food and water ran low. He knew that drinking seawater would make him sick, so he tore of

13、f the canvas cover on his life jacket and set it out to catch rainwater. Then he took apart the flashlight and used a wire inside to make a fishhook. For months Poon Lim drifted, catching fish and sometimes birds. One time he even caught a shark. Finally, after 130 days, he noticed that the color of

14、 the water was changing. Two days later, on his 133rd day, he saw a boat. Three sailors in a small sailboat picked him up and took him to Belem, a city on the coast of Brazil. Poon Lim had crossed the Atlantic Ocean.No one ever had survived longer on a raft at sea. Poon Lim received many honors, inc

15、luding Britains highest award. A booklet of his survival methods was put into every British life raft.4. What happened just after Poon Lims ship was hit?A. It immediately exploded. B. Poon Lim jumped over the side. C. Poon Lim found a life raft.D. The U-boat picked up survivors.5. What did Poon Lim

16、do just after his food and water ran low?A. He jumped up and down and waved, hoping to attract help.B. He went swimming, hoping to find some fish.C. He made a rain catcher and some fishing equipment.D. He spotted a United States Navy plane.6. Which of these things happened last? A. Poon Lim noticed

17、that the water had changed color. B. Poon Lim landed in a Brazilian city. C. Some sailors picked up Poon Lim. D. Poon Lim caught a shark with his fishhook. 7. Why was Poon lim presented with many honors?A. He had voyaged the longest time on the Atlantic Ocean.B. He managed to spend 133 days on a lif

18、e raft with determination.C. He had a knowledge of survival methods on the sea.D. He didnt surrender himself to German U-boats. CFollowing the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), also named COVID19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be s

19、een. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathingthe NCPs symptoms (病症) are similar to the common cold or the flu, but its potentially more dangerous. Viruses could be deadly, like HIV and Ebola (埃博拉). But what are viruses? How can they cause so much trouble? Viruses are non-living organisms (

20、有机体) approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they cant reproduce on their own. Instead, they invade (入侵) the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over. Viruses can infect every living thing from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria.

21、 For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections trigger (引起) no noticeable reaction. Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. Th

22、ey can enter our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect. For example, HIV, which causes AIDS, attacks the T-cells of the immune system. But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? Until now, no clear explanation fo

23、r their origin exists. “Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult, Ed Rybicki, a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, “because viruses dont leave fossils (化石) and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells theyve inv

24、aded. However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses. First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生者). Second, viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that “escaped from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells,

25、which means they existed alongside these cells. For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most reasonable explanation. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers. Or future studies may rev

26、eal that the answer is even murkier (模糊不清的) than it now appears.8. What can we learn about viruses from the text? A. Viruses have nothing to do with the common cold. B. Viruses are really small living organisms. C. Viruses cant reproduce unless they find a host cell. D. Viruses enter our bodies main

27、ly through the mouth, nose and hair.9. Which of the following might explain the origin of viruses? A. They evolved from the fossils of large organisms. B. They evolved from parasites into independent organisms. C. They evolved from the T-cells in animals. D. They evolved along with their host cells.

28、10. What can we conclude from the text? A. Viruses live longer in human host cells than in animals. B. Viruses will become more like bacteria as they evolve. C. It may take a long time to understand the origin of viruses. D. The author is optimistic about future virus research.11. Whats the best tit

29、le of this passage?A. The Mystery of Virus EvolutionB. The Invasion of Deadly Viruses.C. The Reaction of Viral InfectionD. The Future Studies of VirusesDThey make a guest appearance in at least half of the articles on Medical News Today. They are responsible for many of the biggest breakthroughs in

30、medicine. However, the humble lab mice also shoulder much of the blame when the failure of drugs to translate from animal models to humans keeps worrying the whole of medical research. Should scientists abandon lab mice altogether?Mice were introduced into the lab back in the 1920s. An ambitious you

31、ng American geneticist Clarence Cook Little strongly believed that cancer was an inheritable (有遗传性的) disease, and that mice were the ideal subjects for his experiments.Other animals were, and still are, used to study disease. Cats and dogs are popular, as well as chimpanzees. Of course, ethical (伦理的

32、) considerations get more complicated the further up the food chain you go. And mice are in sufficient numbers for researchers to conduct thousands of trials. Add to that the problem of cost: A standard lab mouse costs about $20-far cheaper than a healthy cat or dog. So their importance in scientifi

33、c research has become well-established.We share more than 97 percent of our working DNA with mice, a consequence of a shared ancestor 75 million years ago. This similarity has been both a blessing and a curse. While we share many basic biological processes, it is the three percent of the genes which

34、 set us apart from mice that can have a big influence on how our bodies work.Mice may not always be the perfect model for understanding our own bodies, but they do hold real value to researchers. Their usefulness will only increase as scientists work out better ways to modify (修改) their genes to com

35、pensate for their shortcomings. The difficult part of the issue may be that researchers need to be more critical as they evaluate the type of model that is best for their experiment. In the end, the story of scientists relationship with lab mice will possibly be one of gradual advances to improve an

36、 imperfect system. This is exactly how most scientific research progresses by critically examining what we know to expand our knowledge of what we do not.12. What does the underlined word “they in the first paragraph refer to?A. American geneticists B. cats and dogs C. lab mice D. breakthroughs in m

37、edicine13. Paragraph 4 mainly answers the question “_? A. Why do drugs that work in mice fail when tried in humans B. Why are mice the ideal subjects for medical research C. Why do we and mice share more than 97% of our working DNA D. How can we understand our own bodies by studying lab mice14. Whic

38、h of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Mice are in sufficient numbers because they are at the lower part of the food chain. B. Many scientist are considering stopping the use of lab mice. C. More genetically modified mice will be used in medical research in the near futur

39、e. D. It will become easier for researchers to choose the proper type of lab mice.15. What is the authors attitude to the use of lab mice? A. Disappointed B. Supportive C. Indifferent D. disapproving第二节 共5小题；每题3分，总分值15分根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Think about how much reading you do eve

40、ryday. When you look at it, you might find that reading is the work-related skill that you use most often! _16_ After all, if we can read and comprehend textbooks, then arent we good readers? Maybe not. Given the time that reading consumes, it may be a skill that we can and should improve._17_ It me

41、ans getting faster and more efficient at reading, while still understanding what youre reading. Although you spend a good part of your day reading, have you ever thought about how you read? How do your eyes make sense of the shapes of the letters, and then put those letters together to form sentence

42、s that you can understand?Reading is quite a complex skill. It was previously believed during reading, both eyes focus on particular letters._18_ Scientists now believe that the eyes lock onto different letters at the same time, usually two characters apart. Your brain then fuses (融合) these images t

43、ogether to form a word. This happens very swiftly, as we look through pages of text！Many people read at an average rate of 250 words per minute. _19_ Imagine, then, if you could double your rate to 500 words per minute. _20_ You could then spend the saved time on other tasks, or take a few extra min

44、utes to relax. Another important advantage of speed reading is that it allows one to better comprehend the overall structure of an argument. This leads to better “big picture understanding, which can greatly benefit your work and career.A. Recent research shows this isnt the case.B. Speed reading ha

45、s a great many benefits.C. You should practice to improve your reading speed.D. But what does becoming a better reader involve?E. You could read all of this content in half the time.F. Its also a skill that most of us take for granted by the time we reach age 12.G. This means that an average page in

46、 a book or document takes 1-2 minutes to read. 第三局部 语言知识运用共两节，总分值55分第一节 共20小题；每题2分，总分值40分阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。When I tell people I wrote a book with my dad, they usually say, “It must be nice to think of the legacy (遗产) you created with someone who means so much to you. This

47、was a 21 idea, but it was not the way I, or my dad, ever thought about the cooperation. Though we created something were 22 , “nice is not the word either of us uses to 23 the process. “It was more confrontation (对抗) than 24 , my dad likes to say. I agree.When we landed a book deal, we began a writi

48、ng 25 that was more difficult than either of us had 26 , but also far more rewarding.For almost three years, we met once or twice a week at my parents house and talked daily to plan and 27 each chapter. After these meetings, one of us would write a 28 draft that the other would build on. I wanted the book to 29 on positive vices (不良习惯). 30 , my dad felt the bo