大学考研专题：18考研英语一必备词汇（五）.doc

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1、2018考研英语必背词汇（五）41 General Idris is incapable of controlling flows of deadly weapons, they fret (Mr Kerry, it is murmured, has been chastened by some of his contacts with rebels).伊德里斯将军不能控制致命武器的流通，他们很烦恼（人们私下议论，凯里先生因他与叛军的接触受到斥责）。deadly a. 致命的；极端的【 构词】dead(=to die,死,消亡) +ly【 派生】deadliness n. 致命；深仇大恨【近】

2、dangerous a. 危险的 fret v. 烦恼；磨损【近】worry n. 担心；烦恼 murmur v. 低声说，低语；小声抱怨【派生】murmurous a. 沙沙的，窃窃私语的【近】mutter v. 咕哝；喃喃自语【词组】without a murmur 没有怨言 chasten v. 斥责；惩戒；制止；净化【派生】chastener n. 惩罚者【近】punish v. 惩罚；严厉对待 contact n. 接触；触点；联系 v. 使接触【派生】contactable a. 可感染的（疾病）rebel n. 叛军；反叛者 v. 反抗；反叛【构词】re(反)+bel(=war/

3、fight,打斗)【近】disobey v. 不服从，不顺从【词组】rebel against反抗 (No American cavalry for now/May 15, 2013)42 More than two decades ago he moved to Paris where he created Lusafrica, a record label which launched Evoras international career.二十几年前，他搬到巴黎，在那他创建了音乐厂牌Lusafrica，从此开启了艾沃拉的国际音乐事业。decade n. 十年；十年间【构词】deca(十)

4、+de【派生】decadal a. 十的 label n. 厂牌；标签 v. 贴标签于【派生】labeler n. 贴标机【近】brand n. 商标，牌子 launch v. 开启；开展（重大活动）；发射（火箭、导弹或卫星）【词组】launch out (into) 开始从事，投身于 career n. 事业；生涯【构词】car(=load,装载,负担）+eer(人)【近】profession n. 职业；专业 (A message to the world/Apr 18, 2013)43 Over Nowruz, the spring holiday celebrated last mon

5、th, picnickers flocked to the autonomous regions flower-speckled meadows and valleys carved by streams flowing down from snowcapped mountains. 上个月人们为庆祝突厥人的春节，纳吾肉孜节，郊游者蜂拥赶至自治区野餐，这里，草地上繁花点点，来自积雪覆顶山脉的雪水汇成溪流萦绕山谷。flock v. 蜂拥；群集 n. 成群结队，一大群【派生】flocky a. 毛茸茸的【近】bunch n. 群；串 meadow n. 草地；牧场【派生】meadowy a. 牧草

6、地的；草地般的【近】lawn n. 草地，草坪 carve v. 雕刻（原文引申为“萦绕”）；刻写；割下（肉片）；铺（路）【近】sculpture v. 雕塑；雕刻【词组】carve out 开拓；创业 cap v. 覆盖；笼罩；给戴帽 n. 帽子【派生】capful n. 一帽子【近】cover v. 覆盖 (Peace, harmony and oil/Apr 20, 2013)44 This article has been amended to clarify the relationship between NPG and Frontiers, and the details of

7、Frontierss peer-review policy.本文经过修改，以澄清自然出版集团和尖端学科出版集团的关系，并阐明尖端学科出版集团有关同行评审政策的细节。amend v. 修正，改正；修订【构词】a(离开)+mend(=free from fault,修改)【派生】amendable a. 可修正的【近】edit v. 编辑；校订 clarify v. 澄清，阐明【构词】clar(=clear/bright,清楚,明白)+ify【派生】clarification n. 澄清；说明【近】refine v. 精炼；提纯 frontier n. 尖端；新领域；边疆；边界【构词】front

8、(前方)+ier【近】border n. 边境；边界 detail n. 细节，详情 v. 详述 【构词】de(去掉)+tail(=cut,剪,割)【词组】in detail 精细地，明细地(Open-access scientific publishing is gaining ground/May 4, 2013)45 Instead specific, observed symptoms became the diagnostic criteria, and clusters of them, known medically as syndromes, that appeared to

9、coexist in individual patients were given labels. 相反，具体的、观察到的症状成为诊断标准，而貌似存在于同一患者身上的症状集群，医学上称之为综合症。criteria n. （判定的）标准，准则【近】standard n. 标准；水准 cluster n. 集群 v. 丛；群【派生】supercluster n. 超星系团【近】bunch n. 束，串 medical a. 医学的；医疗的；医术的【构词】med(医治)+ic+al(人,物,状态)【派生】medically ad. 医学上地 syndrome n. 综合症；综合症状【构词】syn(共

10、同)+drom(跑)+e【派生】syndromic a. 综合症的；症候群的 (By the book/May 18, 2013)46 It is also opening a clutch of private schools in England, at cheaper prices than the established competition. （迪拜的环球教育集团）它也计划在英格兰开设多个私立学校，学费低于当地既已形成的竞争价格。open v. 开设；打开 n. 开幕；开始 clutch n. 一群；离合器 v. 抓住【近】clench v. 紧握【词组】a clutch of 一

11、小群 established a. 已建立的；已设立的；确定的【近】confirmed a. 确认的 competition n. 竞争；比赛【构词】com+pet(=seek,追求,寻求)+ition【近】contest n. 竞争；争论 (On the playing fields of Shanghai/May 4, 2013)47 To account for the risk that recalling actual events requires different cognitive functions than imagining ones that have not yet

12、 happened, they also asked participants to rate the distance of hypothetical events a month in the past or future.为了解释回忆实际发生的事情与想象尚未发生的事情所需的认知功能是不同的，因此他们也要求参与者对过去或未来一个月内假设性的事件进行距离感地评估。account v. 说明；解释 n. 叙述；账目；账户【构词】ac(加强)+count(计算)【派生】accountability n. 可说明性；责任【词组】account for 作出解释；提出理由 cognitive a.

13、认知的；认识的【构词】cognit(=cognis,知道)+ive(状态)【派生】cognitively ad. 认知地 imagine v. 想象，设想；料想，猜想 【构词】imag(=imagine/likeness,相像,模仿)+ine【派生】imaginable a. 可想象的【近】fancy v. 幻想；想象participant n. 参与者，参加者【构词】parti(=part,部分)+cip(拿，抓)+ant(人) (Yesterday came suddenly/Apr 5, 2013)48 It coincided with radical reductions in gl

14、obal trade barriers, the result of European integration and the work of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the predecessor of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).集装箱运输业的发展迎合了全球贸易壁垒大幅拆除之势，是欧洲经济一体化的结果，是世界贸易组织的前身关税暨贸易总协定的杰作。coincide v. 与一致，相符【构词】co(共同)+in(在上)+cid(落下)+e【近】accord v. 一致，相符【

15、词组】coincide with 和一致 radical a. 激进的（原文引申为“大幅”）【构词】radic(=root,根)+al(人)【派生】radicalism n. 激进主义【反】superficial a. 肤浅的，表面的 integration n. 一体化，整合 v. 使加入；使融入【构词】in(不)+tegr(触摸)+a+tion(名词) 【派生】integrationist n. 主张取消种族隔离的人【近】coalition n. 联合；结合 tariff n. 关税，税率；价目表【近】tax n. 税；税额 (The humble hero/May 18, 2013) 4

16、9 Securing an extra two years from the European Commission to cut the French budget deficit to below 3% of GDP is seen in Paris as a triumph of efforts to combat austerity in Europe.从欧盟委员会那获得额外两年的时间以便于把法国的预算赤字削减到低于GDP（国内生产总值）的3%，这被看作法国对抗欧洲紧缩政策的胜利。secure v. 获得，得到某物；防卫 a. 安全的，可靠的【派生】insecure a. 不可靠的；不

17、安全的【近】obtain v. 获得【词组】be secure of 确信，对有把握 deficit n. 赤字；不足额【近】shortage n. 短缺，缺乏【词组】budget deficit 预算赤字 triumph n. 胜利，成功 v. 战胜【近】victory n. 胜利【词组】triumph over 战胜；因而欢欣鼓舞 combat v. 对抗，与战斗【构词】com(共同)+bat(=beat,打,击)【近】conflict v. 战斗；冲突 (Morosity rules/May 18, 2013)50 Fans of trams argue that fixed track

18、s lure commuters out of their cars by installing in them a confidence that a route will not change, and encourage businesses to invest around the station stops.有轨电车的拥护者则辩称固定的轨道因其不变的线路能给人们注入信心，吸引通勤者放弃自己开车，同时鼓励车站沿线的商业投资。track n. 轨道；小径；足迹【近】orbit n. 轨道；旅程【词组】keep track of 保持与的联系 lure v. 吸引；诱惑 n. 诱饵【近】entice v. 引诱；怂恿commuter n. 通勤者【近】passenger n. 乘客；行人 install v. 注入；任命；安顿【派生】installer n. 安装程序；安装者 (Tramspotting/Apr 20, 2013)