英语名词性从句详解经典精选PPT.ppt

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1、关于英语名词性从句详解经典第1页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三判断下列是什么从句判断下列是什么从句：1.Where he was born was unknown to us.2.I dont know where he was born.3.The unknown was where he was born.第2页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三4.I dont know the fact where he was born.5.He worked where he was born.6.He worked in the city where he was born.第3页，讲稿共51张，创作于星

2、期三I dont know where he was born.He worked where he was born.辨析：宾语从句辨析：宾语从句VS状语从句状语从句第4页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三I dont know the fact where he was born.He worked in the city where he was born.辨析：定语从句辨析：定语从句VS同位语从句同位语从句第5页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三复合句、主句、从句的概念复合句、主句、从句的概念复合句又称主从复合句，由一个主句和一复合句又称主从复合句，由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成，主句为句子

3、的个或一个以上的从句构成，主句为句子的主体，从句不能独立，只能用作句子的一主体，从句不能独立，只能用作句子的一个成分，如主语、表语、宾语、定语、同个成分，如主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语、状语。位语、状语。从句担任哪个句子成分，这个从句就叫从句担任哪个句子成分，这个从句就叫该成分的的从句。该成分的的从句。第6页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三英语中的从句有：英语中的从句有：状语从句状语从句定语从句定语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句GOGOGO第7页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三状语从句：状语从句：时间状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句条件状语从句条

4、件状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句BACK状语从句是副词状语从句是副词性修饰性从句性修饰性从句第8页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三定语从句：定语从句：限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句BACK定语从句是形容词性定语从句是形容词性修饰性从句修饰性从句第9页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三名词性从句的概念名词性从句的概念 名词在句子中一般可以充当主语、名词在句子中一般可以充当主语、表语、宾语、同位语。从句在语法表语、宾语、同位语。从句在语法功能上相当于功能上相当于名词名词，也可分别作

5、主，也可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语、同位语。句的主语、表语、宾语、同位语。因此，因此，主语从句、宾语从句、表语主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句从句、同位语从句统称为统称为名词性名词性从句从句。第10页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三名词性从句的引导词名词性从句的引导词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：1连接词连接词 2连接代词连接代词 3连接副词连接副词GOGOGO第11页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三连接词：连接词：that whether if (一般仅用于宾语从句一般仅用于宾语从句)as if (用于表语从句用于表语从句)它们不充当从句的任何成分它

6、们不充当从句的任何成分BACK第12页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三连接代词：连接代词：what whatever who whoever whom whose whichBACK第13页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三连接副词：连接副词：when where why because how how组成的词组如：组成的词组如：how many,how long,how far 等等第14页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三学习名词性从句的要点学习名词性从句的要点1、名词性从句的语序的考查、名词性从句的语序的考查2、名词性从句的连接词的考查、名词性从句的连接词的考查3、宾语从句的时态呼应、宾语从句的时态呼应

7、4、同位语从句的辨别和引导词的选择、同位语从句的辨别和引导词的选择GOGOGOGO第15页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三名词性从句的语序的考查名词性从句的语序的考查1.What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well.2.The question is whether she is coming.3.Could you tell me where he lives?4.I had no idea whether he will come on time?第16页，讲稿共51张，创作于星

8、期三名词性从句要求使用名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序陈述句语序，而不，而不是一般疑问句的语序。是一般疑问句的语序。注意：注意：BACK第17页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三that和和what的运用的运用 he wants is a book.light travels in straight lines is known to all.WhatThat第18页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三 The result is we won the game.That is we are looking for.thatwhat第19页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三 Please tell us is hap

9、pening there.We should pay attention to the teacher is saying.I dont know she is coming.whatwhatthat第20页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三The news China succeeded in sending up a manned spaceship was exciting.The news he told us was exciting.thatthat第21页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三注意：注意：that和和what都可以引导主语从句、宾都可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句，语从句、表

10、语从句，that在从句中不在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用；充当任何成分，只起连接作用；what在从句中不仅起连接作用，还在从句中不仅起连接作用，还在从句中充当成分。在从句中充当成分。what一般不用来引导一般不用来引导同位语从句同位语从句。what不能用作关系代词，因此也不不能用作关系代词，因此也不能引导能引导定语从句定语从句。第22页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三that的省略（的省略（1）I dont think that she is coming.I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.He told me t

11、hat his parents had died in the accident and that he had to make a living all by himself.()()thatthat第23页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三that的省略（的省略（2）That he is top in his class makes his parents very happy.Its pity that he has made such a mistake.The reason is that he is careless.The news that our basketball team w

12、on the match made us excited.Thatthatthatthat第24页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三注意：注意：单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的that可以省略；但用可以省略；但用it作形式宾语的宾语从句、并列宾语从句作形式宾语的宾语从句、并列宾语从句中第二个及以后宾语从句中的中第二个及以后宾语从句中的that不可不可以省略。以省略。主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中的主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中的that一般不可以省略。一般不可以省略。第25页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三 if和和whether的运用（的运用（1）we will go to town tomorr

13、ow depends on the weather.The question is he should do it.The doctor cant answer the question the old man can survive the operation.Whetherwhetherwhether第26页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三if和和whether的运用（的运用（2）I asked him he could finish the job on time.Do you know we are worried about he is safe?I dont know he could

14、 finish the job on time or not.whether/ifwhetherwhether第27页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三注意：注意：引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只能用句只能用whether。引导宾语从句时应注意：引导宾语从句时应注意：（1）动词后的宾语从句可以用）动词后的宾语从句可以用if，也，也可以用可以用whether。（2）介词后的宾语从句只能用）介词后的宾语从句只能用whether。（3）宾语从句中有）宾语从句中有or not时，一般用时，一般用whether。第28页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三what和和which的运

15、用的运用 There are so many things.I dont know I have to choose.The books are so good and useful.I dont know I have to choose.what 泛指的事物，没有一定的范围泛指的事物，没有一定的范围which 特定事物中的特定事物中的“哪一个哪一个”，有一有一定的范围定的范围whatwhich第29页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三why和和because运用运用His car broke down on the way.That was he was late.他的车在路上抛锚了，那就是他迟

16、到的他的车在路上抛锚了，那就是他迟到的缘故。缘故。Why did he fail in the exam?That was he was careless.why强调结果；强调结果；because强调原因。强调原因。whybecause第30页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三who和和whoever的运用的运用 Whoever/Who breaks the law should be punished.I will give this book to whoever/who needs it.第31页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三what和和whatever的运用的运用 We will do wha

17、tever/what we can to help you.Whatever/What he says is always reasonable.第32页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三which和和whichever的运用的运用 You may take whichever/which you like.第33页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三注意：在引导名词性从句时，在引导名词性从句时，who、what、which有疑问意味；有疑问意味；whoever、whatever、whichever是它们的强是它们的强势语，不含有疑问意味。如：势语，不含有疑问意味。如：I dont know broke t

18、he window.I dont know I should choose.whowhat/which第34页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三其他连接词的运用其他连接词的运用思考：横线上可以填那些连接词？思考：横线上可以填那些连接词？I dont know we will go.第35页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三根据回答选择适当的连接词：根据回答选择适当的连接词：I dont know we will go.We wont.I dont know we will go.Next Sunday.whether/ifwhen第36页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三I dont know we will

19、go.The factory where his father works.I dont know we will go.By bus.howwhere第37页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三I dont know we will go.To give them a hand with their work.I dont know we will go.I dont know,either.that/whetherwhyBACK第38页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句的时态呼应He believes that his dream will come true one day.

20、Please tell me what you think of the plan.第39页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三He told me that he was preparing for the coming mid-term examination.He said that he had been away from his hometown for ten years.He asked me where I lived.第40页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the w

21、est.BACK第41页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三同位语从句的辨别和引导词的选择同位语从句的辨别和引导词的选择I dont know the fact where he was born.He worked in the city where he was born.第42页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三名词性从句中名词性从句中it的运用的运用 it作形式主语作形式主语 it作形式宾语作形式宾语第43页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三it作形式主语作形式主语 主语从句有时会很长，复合句就显得头重主语从句有时会很长，复合句就显得头重脚轻，因此，可以把主语从句移到复合句脚轻，因此，可以把主语从句移到复

22、合句后面，而在句首使用后面，而在句首使用it作形式主语。作形式主语。用用itit作形式主语的作形式主语的thatthat从句有以下四种不同的从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：搭配关系：It+be+adj.+that-clauseIt+be+P.P.+that-clauseIt+be+n.+that-clauseIt+vi+that-clause第44页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三It+be+adj.+that-clause It is necessary that有必要有必要 It is important that重要的是重要的是 It is obvious that很明显很明显第45页，讲稿共

23、51张，创作于星期三It+be+P.P.+that-clause It is believed that 人们相信人们相信 It is known to all that 从所周知从所周知 It has been decided that 已决定已决定 第46页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三It+be+n.+that-clause It is common knowledge that 是常识是常识 It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 事实是事实是第47页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三It+vi+that-clause It a

24、ppears that 似乎似乎 It seems that 似乎似乎 It happens that 碰巧碰巧第48页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三注意：注意：当当that 引导的主语从句出现在疑问引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，也要以句中时，也要以it 作形式主语，而把作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：主语从句后置。如：Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow?第49页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三it作形式宾语作形式宾语 如如果果宾宾语语从从句句后后边边还还有有宾宾语语补补足足语语，则则用用it作作形形式式宾宾语语，而而将将宾宾语语从从句句后后置，连接宾语从句的置，连接宾语从句的that不省略。不省略。We made it a rule that we read English in the morningI think it necessary that you should read English aloud.第50页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第51页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期三