1987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.doc

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1、1987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I: Structure and VocabularyIn each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points)EXAMPLE:I was caught _ the rain yesterday.A inB byC with

2、D atANSWER: A1.The skyscraper stands out _ the blue sky.A inB againstC underD beneath2.They have always been on good _ with their next-door neighbors.A friendshipB relationsC connectionD terms3.Hello! Is that 21035? Please put me _ to the manager.A acrossB upC throughD over4.Why do you look so _? Yo

3、u never smile or look cheerful.A miserableB unfortunateC sorryD rude5.Eggs, though nourishing, have _ of fat content.A large numberB a large numberC the high amountD a high amount6.Jim always _ his classmates in a debate.A backs outB backs awayC backs upD backs down7.Most of the people who _ two wor

4、ld wars are strongly against arms race.A have lived outB have lived throughC have lived onD have lived off8.There are many inconveniences that have to be _ when you are camping.A put upB put up withC put offD put away9.Is it true that those old houses are being pulled down _ new office blocks?A to a

5、ccommodateB to provide forC to increaseD to make room for10.Being in no great hurry, _.A we went the long route with sceneryB the long, scenic route was our preferenceC we took the long scenic routeD our preference was taking the long, scenic routeSection II: Reading ComprehensionEach of three passa

6、ges below is followed by five questions. For each question there are four answers, read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the question. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Text 1For centuries men dreamed of achieving vertical flight. In 400 A.D. Chinese children

7、 played with a fan-like toy that spun upwards and fell back to earth as rotation ceased. Leonardo da Vinci conceive the first mechanical apparatus, called a “Helix,” which could carry man straight up, but was only a design and was never tested.The ancient-dream was finally realized in 1940 when a Ru

8、ssian engineer piloted a strange looking craft of steel tubing with a rotating fan on top. It rose awkwardly and vertically into the air from a standing start, hovered a few feet above the ground, went sideways and backwards, and then settled back to earth. The vehicle was called a helicopter.Imagin

9、ations were fired. Men dreamed of going to work in their own personal helicopters. People anticipate that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today. Such fantastic expectations were not fulfilled.The helicopter has now become an extremely useful machi

10、ne. It excels in military missions, carrying troops, guns and strategic instruments where other aircraft cannot go. Corporations use them as airborne offices, many metropolitan areas use them in police work, construction and logging companies employ them in various advantageous ways, engineers use t

11、hem for site selection and surveying, and oil companies use them as the best way to make offshore and remote work stations accessible to crews and supplies. Any urgent mission to a hard-to-get-to place is a likely task for a helicopter. Among their other multitude of used: deliver people across town

12、, fly to and from airports, assist in rescue work, and aid in the search for missing or wanted persons.11.People expect that _.A the airliners of today would eventually be replaced by helicoptersB helicopters would someday be able to transport large number of people from place to place as airliners

13、are now doingC the imaginations fired by the Russian engineers invention would become a reality in the futureD their fantastic expectations about helicopters could be fulfilled by airliners of today12.Helicopters work with the aid of _.A a combination of rotating devices in front and on topB a rotat

14、ing device topsideC one rotating fan in the center of the aircraft and others at each endD a rotating fan underneath for lifting13.What is said about the development of the helicopter?A Helicopters have only been worked on by man since 1940.B Chinese children were the first to achieve flight in heli

15、copters.C Helicopters were considered more dangerous than the early airplanes.D Some people thought they would become widely used by average individuals.14.How has the use of helicopters developed?A They have been widely used for various purposes.B They are taking the place of high-flying jets.C The

16、y are used for rescue work.D They are now used exclusively for commercial projects.15.Under what conditions are helicopters found to be absolutely essential?A For overseas passenger transportation.B For extremely high altitude flights.C For high-speed transportation.D For urgent mission to places in

17、accessible to other kinds of craft.Text 2In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character, became first a national even

18、t and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 776 B.C. The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all

19、 parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete. The exact sequence of events uncertain, but events included boys gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports inv

20、olved than in the modern Olympic Games.On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize

21、money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling.After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were suspended by the Romans in 394 A.D. They continued for such a long t

22、ime because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars. It was over 1,500 years before another such international athletic gathe

23、ring took place in Athens in 1896.Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing courtiers pay their own athletes expenses.The Olympics start with the arrival in the s

24、tadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the suns rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a

25、modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.16.In ancient Greece, the Olympic Games _.A were merely national athletic festivalsB were in the nature of a national event with a strong religious colourC had rules which put forei

26、gn participants in a disadvantageous positionD were primarily national events with few foreign participants17.In the early days of ancient Olympic Games _.A only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the gamesB all Greeks, irrespective of sex, religion or social status, were allowed to

27、take partC all Greeks, with the exception of women, were allowed to compete in GamesD all male Greeks were qualified to compete in the Games18.The order of athletic events at the ancient Olympics _.A has not definitely been establishedB varied according to the number of foreign competitorsC was deci

28、ded by Zeus, in whose honor the Games were heldD was considered unimportant19.Modern athletes results cannot be compared with those of ancient runners because _.A the Greeks had no means of recording the resultsB they are much betterC details such as the time were not recorded in the pastD they are

29、much worse20.Nowadays, the athletes expenses are paid for _.A out of the prize money of the winnersB out of the funds raised by the competing nationsC by the athletes themselvesD by contributionsText 3In science the meaning of the word “explain” suffers with civilizations every step in search of rea

30、lity. Science cannot really explain electricity, magnetism, and gravitation; their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature no more is known to the modern scientist than to Thales who first looked into the nature of the electrification of amber, a hard yellowish-brown gum. Most con

31、temporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces “really” are. “Electricity,” Bertrand Russell says, “is not a thing, like St. Pauls Cathedral; it is a way in which things behave. When we have told how things behave when they are electrified, and under w

32、hat circumstances they are electrified, we have told all there is to tell.” Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea. Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality

33、by reasoning from self-evident principles. He felt, for example, that it is a self-evident principle that everything in the universe has its proper place, hence one can deduce that objects fall to the ground because thats where they belong, and smoke goes up because thats where it belongs. The goal

34、of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation.21.The aim of controlled scientific experiments is _.

35、A to explain why things happenB to explain how things happenC to describe self-evident principlesD to support Aristotelian science22.What principles most influenced scientific thought for two thousand years?A the speculations of ThalesB the forces of electricity, magnetism, and gravityC Aristotles n

36、atural scienceD Galileos discoveries23.Bertrand Russells notion about electricity is _.A disapproved of by most modern scientistsB in agreement with Aristotles theory of self-evident principlesC in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward “how” things happenD in agreement with scienti

37、fic investigation directed toward “why” things happen24.The passage says that until recently scientists disagreed with the idea _.A that there are mysterious forces in the universeB that man cannot discover what forces “really” areC that there are self-evident principlesD that we can discover why th

38、ings behave as they do25.Modern science came into being _.A when the method of controlled experiment was first introducedB when Galileo succeeded in explaining how things happenC when Aristotelian scientist tried to explain why things happenD when scientists were able to acquire an understanding of

39、reality of reasoningSection III: Structure and VocabularyFill in the blanks with the words which best complete the sentence. Put your choices in the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)EXAMPLE:It was the largest experiment we have ever had, it _ six hours.A endedB finishedC wasD lastedANSWER: D26.As scheduled,

40、 the communications satellite went into _ round the earth.A circleB orbitC pathD course27.When I saw Jane, I stopped and smiled, but she _ me and walked on.A refusedB ignoredC deniedD missed28.It was a good game, and at the end the _ was Argentina 3, West Germany 2.A markB accountC recordD score29.G

41、eorge took _ of the fine weather to do a days work in his garden.A chanceB interestC advantageD charge30.Is there anyone who _ the plans put forward by the committee?A differsB opposesC disagreesD refuses31.All too _ it was time to go back to school after the summer vacation.A oftenB quickC fastD so

42、on32.In an accident when two cars run into each other, they _.A hitB knockC strikeD collide33.The noise was caused by a boy _ a cat through the garden.A catchingB fightingC followingD chasing34.He drove fast and arrived an hour _ of schedule.A in advanceB aheadC abreastD in front35.This ticket _ you

43、 to a free meal in our new restaurant.A givesB entitlesC grantsD creditsSection IV: Close TestFor each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. Read the whole passage before making your choice.

44、(10 points)EXAMPLE:For instance, the automobile tunnel might _ huge ventilation problems.A makeB bringC raiseD createANSWER: DCheques have _36_ replaced money as a means of exchange for they are widely accepted everywhere. Though this is very convenient for both buyer and seller, it should not be fo

45、rgotten that cheques are not real money: they are quite valueless in themselves. A shop-keeper always runs a certain _37_ when he accepts a cheques and he is quite _38_ his rights if on occasion, he refuses to do so.People do not always know this and are shocked if their good faith is called _39_. A

46、n old and very wealthy friend of mine told me he had an extremely unpleasant experience. He went to a famous jewelry shop which keeps a large _40_ of precious stones and asked to be shown some pearl necklaces. After examining several trays, he decided to buy a particularly fine string of pearls and asked if he could pay by Cheques. The assistant said that this was quite _41_ but the moment my friend signed his name, he was invited into th