2021-2022学年高中英语外研版选修8学案：Module 3 Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary（1）—Language Points.pdf

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1、-1-Section Introduction&Reading and Vocabulary(1)Language Points owe v应给予；归功于；欠(债)(教材 P29)Everything you see I owe to spaghetti.我把你看到的一切都归功于意大利面条。(1)owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物 owe.to.归功于；由于 owe it to sb.that.亏得某人(2)owing to 由于；因为 I owed it to you that I finished my work in time.幸亏有你的帮助，我才能及时完成了工

2、作。Owing to bad weather，the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。obsess v使着迷(教材 P30)In fact，I think that they are sometimes obsessed with it.事实上，我觉得他们有时候对此到了痴迷的程度。(1)be obsessed by/with 被迷住(2)obsessive adj.着迷的，困扰的 obsession n.着迷，牵挂 -2-Wang Hua is obsessed with computer games so

3、that he becomes less interested in his study.王华痴迷于电脑游戏，以至于对学习不大感兴趣了。Fitness has become an obsession(obsess)with him.他迷上了健身。end up 结束；结果为(教材 P30)Stomach，intestines，ears，tongue，tail，hoof，and lungs are all likely to end up on the dinner table in front of you.胃、肠子、耳朵、舌头、尾巴、蹄子以及肺都可能最终会出现在你面前的餐桌上。(1)end u

4、pError!(2)come to an end 到头了；结束了 make ends meet 收支相抵 in the endeventually 最终地；终于 at the end of 在末尾 The party ended up with a beautiful song.晚会以一首优美的歌曲结束。He could end up as President.他总有一天会当上总统。We were to go out，but ended up watching(watch)TV at home.我们原计划外出，但结果是在家看电视。名师点津end up 为不及物短语动词，其后通常跟说明主语的最终

5、状态的介词短语或动词ing 形式。manner n规矩；习俗；举止；态度；方式；方法(教材 P31)I was amazed at their easy and graceful manner while I stood there feeling somewhat confused by the food.我惊讶于他们闲适优雅的举止，而我却站在那儿对他们的食物感到有些茫然。-3-写出下列句子中 manner 的含义 Whats the best manner of doing it？_ He is walking in an unusual manner._ His manner showe

6、d his frankness._ He has no table manners at all._ Her children all had such good manners._ This is a book about the life and manners of Victorian London._【答案】方法样子；举止举止；态度 礼节；规矩礼貌习俗 in a/an.manner 以一种方式 manners 礼貌；礼节；规矩；风俗习惯 its good/bad manners(to do sth.)(做某事)是有/没有礼貌的 You should have good manners(

7、manner)all the time.任何时候你都应该有礼貌。make out 理解；辨认出；填写；声称；推断出；了解(教材 P31)It was quite hard to make out what they contained.很难弄清楚它们究竟是什么做的。写出下列句子中 make out 的含义 Hes a strange person.I cant quite make him out._ Can you make out what he is saying？_ She always makes out shes the only one who does any work._ H

8、e made out a check for D|S10._ I cant make out his handwriting._ How do you make that out？_【答案】了解理解声称，声明开出，填写辨认出推断出-4-make it 办成，做到，成功；赶上，及时到达 make for 走向；有助于 make down 改小(衣服)make up 编造；组成；化妆；和好 make of 理解 They made up soon after the quarrel.那次吵架后不久他们就和好了。Good communications make for better understa

9、nding.好的交流有助于更好地相互理解。go against 违背；相反；对不利(教材 P31)The food here goes against the Chinese sense of beauty and style at the dinner table.这里的饮食跟中国人在餐桌上的美学原则大相径庭。go about 习惯于；继续做；着手做 go ahead 走在前面；开始；发生 go for 适用于；去取回；喜欢；袭击；努力 争取 go back(to)回到；返回；回忆起；追溯到 go by 经过；逝去；过去 The building of the new bridge will

10、 go ahead as planned.新桥的修建将按计划进行。As time goes by my memory seems to get worse.-5-随着时间的流逝我的记忆力似乎越来越差。The rule doesnt go for everyone.这个规定并不适用于每一个人。.语境填词 1All the students _ to take an exam after taking the course and anyone who fails to meet the _ will fail.(require)2 Many people _ because they had e

11、aten the _ mushrooms.(poison)3I think its bad _ to speak to others in such a _.(manner)4 He is not _ with computer games now playing basketball has become an _ with him.(obsess)5I _ the soup and felt it was _.(taste)【答 案】1.are required；requirement 2.were poisoned；poisonous3.manners；manner4.obsessed；

12、obsession5.tasted；tasty.选词填空 be obsessed with，no wonder，end up，make out，go against，have.in common，owe.to.，get used to 1He _$100 _me.2There are so many people at the school gate that I cant _what happened.3He has passed the exam._he is so happy.4Many great people _reading.5 She didnt dare to _her fat

13、hers wishes so she went to the art school again.【答案】1.owed；to2.make out3.No wonder 4are obsessed with5.go against (教材 P30)No_wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish；they knew what was still to come.-6-怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有什么菜要上呢。【要点提炼】No wonder.Its no wonder that.难怪 (1)won

14、der n 奇迹；奇才 v.想知道；迷惑 It is a wonder that.奇怪的是 What a wonder!多么令人惊异！真想 不到！in wonder 惊讶地(2)wonder if/whether.不知道是否 wonder at.对好奇/惊讶 He works very hard.It is no wonder that he does so well in his lessons.他学习很努力，难怪功课那么好。Its a wonder that he should have lost the match.奇怪的是他竟输了那场比赛。The boys looked at the

15、teacher in wonder and didnt know what to do next.这些男孩惊讶地看着老师，不知道下一步该怎么办。名师点津No wonder.句型是 Its no wonder that.句型的省略形式，wonder前可加修饰词 no，little，small 等。(教材 P31)The_first_time I ate British food I was in the canteen of a London publisher.我第一次吃英国的食物是在伦敦一家出版社的员工餐厅。【要点提炼】the first time 引导时间状语从句相当于连词，意为“第一次”

16、。类似的短语还有：the moment，the minute，the instant，the last time，every time，each time，next time 等。明辨异同for the first time/the first time for the first time 介词短语，只作句子的状语，不引导状语从句，不具有-7-连词的功能。the first time 名词词组，可充当从属连词，引导时间状语从句。The first time I met him，I was deeply impressed by his good manner.我第一次见到他，他的优雅举止就给

17、我留下了深刻的印象。The people were able to dream of a better future for the first time.第一次，人们能够构想美好的未来。I recognized her the_moment I saw her in the crowd.我一见到她就从人群里把她辨认了出来。完成句子 1第一次见到她时，他就被她的美丽打动了。_he saw her，he was struck by her beauty.2他上周的确给你发电子邮件了。He _to you last week.3怪不得她们长得像，她们是姐妹。_they look similar；t

18、hey are sisters.4是妈妈承诺要把我送到最好的中学。【导学号：72880009】_my mother _made me a promise to send me to the best middle school.【答案】1.The first time2.did send an email 3Its no wonder that/No wonder4.It was；who/that No wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish；they knew what was still to come.【

19、分析】这是一个含有分号的并列复合句，第一个并列分句是 No wonder my fellow guests.，第二个并列分句是 they knew.；what 引导的是宾语从句。【翻译】怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有什么菜要上呢。-8-学业分层测评学业分层测评(七七).单句语法填空 1He _(owe)his success to the good upbringing he had.2A lot of _(poison)waste from the chemical works polluted the river.3They _(obsess)by her song.

20、4_(taste)nice and delicious，the roast ducks sell well.5The children fell on the food and ate it _(greedy)6The dishes look nice and _(appetite)7Fluency in spoken English is a major _(require)8Most of them live in grassland and have no _(fix)home.9_ is no wonder that youre tired，youve been walking for

21、 hours.10Though they are twins，they have little _ common.【答案】1.owed2.poisonous3.were obsessed4.Tasting5.greedily6.appetising7.requirement8.fixed9.It10.in.单句改错 1The boss required that she did it right now._ 2He was walking on the street for the first time I saw him._ 3I hear he ended up died in an ac

22、cident._ 4There is no wonder that he lost the game._ 5This novel，that I have read three times，is very touching._【答案】1.diddo2.去掉 for3.dieddying4.ThereIt5.thatwhich.阅读理解 Thousands of years ago people chewed gum in the natural form.The most common ancient chewing gum was tree resin lumps，but people als

23、o chewed various sweet-9-grasses，leaves，grains and waxes.Chewing gum has been used in various forms and flavors.The first commercial chewing gum was made and sold in 1848 by John Bacon Curtis.He called his chewing gum the State of Maine Pure Spruce Gum.John Bacon Curtis and his brother came up with

24、the practical idea of how to make and sell spruce gum as chewing gum.On July 27,1869，Amos Tyler received the first patent in the United States for chewing gum.However，Tyler never sold his gum commercially.An Ohio dentist，William Finley Semple was honored for this work using the first patent to manuf

25、acture(大量生产)chewing gum since December 1869.In 1869，Mexican General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna told his idea of chicle(糖胶树胶)to Thomas Adams.Adams tried to make toys，masks，and rain boots out of chicle，but none of his products were commercially successful.Then he simply added flavor to the chicle!Tha

26、t was the first step in creating the worlds first modern chewing gum!The first mass marketed chewing gum was called Adams New York Chewing Gum.In the 1870s，Adams&Sons sold“Sour Orange”flavored gum as an afterdinner candy.In 1871 Thomas Adams patented a machine for the manufacture of gum.However，all

27、these kinds of gum had one big problem:they could not hold flavor.The problem with holding flavor was not fixed until 1880，when William White combined sugar and corn syrup with chicle.For better taste he added peppermint extract(薄荷精)He found out that peppermint stayed in the gum during chewing much

28、longer than other flavors.He called his first peppermint flavored gum Yucatan gum.In 1888，Thomas Adams chewing gum，TuttiFrutti，was the first chewing gum that was sold from a vending machine(自动贩卖机)【语篇解读】本文介绍了“口香糖”的发明和发展历史。1Who first patented chewing gum in the United States?AJohn Bacon Curtis.BAmos T

29、yler.CWilliam Finley Semple.DAntonio Lopez de Santa Anna.【解析】细节理解题。由第三段的“On July 27,1869，Amos Tyler received the-10-first patent in the United States for chewing gum.”可知，Amos Tyler 最先在美国获得了口香糖专利。【答案】B 2Before making chewing gum，Thomas Adams _.Aknew nothing about chicle Bhad failed in several kinds o

30、f business Chad come up with the idea of using chicle Dhad already made some popular products【解析】细节理解题。由第四段的“Adams tried to make toys，masks，and rain boots out of chicle，but none of his products were commercially successful.”可知，在制作口香糖之前，Thomas Adams 制造了几种产品，但都不受市场欢迎。【答案】B 3What was William Whites con

31、tribution to chewing gum?AHe added flavor to chewing gum.BHe made a chewing gum machine.CHe made chewing gum with chicle.DHe made chewing gum hold flavor.【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知，William White 在口香糖中加了糖、玉米糖浆和薄荷，因此使口香糖的味道可以持久。【答案】D 4What is the text mainly about?AThe history of chewing gum.BThe benefits of

32、chewing gum.CDifferent kinds of chewing gum.DThe invention of the chewing gum machine.【解析】主旨大意题。综观全文可知，文章介绍口香糖的发明和发展历史。【答案】A.完形填空【导学号：72880033】There were about fifteen of us drawing and writing with chalk(粉笔)to spread hopeful messages in front of a railway station.We _1_ with only about ten-11-adven

33、turers but as the momentum(动力)_2_，we gained more energy，creative inspiration，and people.In the beginning，many people stopped _3_ because they were curious about our actions.Later when we went on to chalk up some _4_ colors and phrases on the floor，more people came over to see what we were _5_ doing.

34、I wrote on the floor，“Hope：there is nothing stopping you.”One particular man came out of the station，_6_ as if he had a tiring day.Although it was crowded，he _7_ to get close to us to _8_ the writing on the floor.He had a _9_ on his face.He was looking carefully and nodding his head.He seemed very i

35、nterested，_10_ I went over to him and asked him to join us.The natural _11_ of most people who _12_，including him，was，“No，I dont have _13_.I have other plans this evening.Thank you so much.”I left him with a _14_，“Well，its up to you.”Then I continued to chalk up on the floor.About fifteen minutes la

36、ter，I _15_ and found he was still around，clearly _16_ by us.He talked to someone on the phone，and I supposed he was _17_ his plans for the evening.He then came over and said，“I think I do have a _18_ to spread after all.”I gave him a piece of chalk and he _19_ his own chalking spirit.Now，what is you

37、rs?Get a piece of chalk and _20_the chalking spirit from one to another today!【语篇解读】包括作者在内的 15 个人从事一项特殊的公益活动：用粉笔画画或写字，从而向过路的人们传达充满希望的消息并激励他人。1A.started Bstudied Cplayed Dleft【解析】根据前句中“about fifteen of us”和本句中“about ten adventurers”可知，这里是指这项活动开始时的人数。【答案】A 2A.disappeared Bmissed Cstopped Dincreased【解析

38、】根据句中“we gained more energy，creative inspiration，and people”可知，他们的动力增加了。【答案】D-12-3A.simply Bdifficultly Csimilarly Dluckily【解析】根据句中“they were curious”可知，开始时人们仅仅是因为出于好奇才停下来观看。【答案】A 4A.disappointing Bcheerful Ceasy Dfrightening【解析】根据首句中“hopeful messages”和句中“more people came over”可知，他们画的颜色和写的字很令人振奋。【答案

39、】B 5A.slowly Bsecretly Cpossibly Dreally【解析】看到漂亮的颜色和字，很多人走过来看看他们到底在做什么。【答案】D 6A.lying Bappearing Csounding Dpretending【解析】根据句中“as if he had a tiring day”可知，那个人看起来很疲惫。【答案】B 7A.refused Bagreed Csupposed Dmanaged【解析】根据句中“Although it was crowded”和下文内容可知，他设法靠近一些。【答案】D 8A.clean Bread Cprotect Dremember【解析

40、】根据下文“He was looking carefully”可知，他靠近一些是为了看地上的画和字。【答案】B 9A.smile Btear Cdoubt Dworry-13-【解析】根据下文“nodding his head”可知，他很满意，脸上应该是露出了微笑。【答案】A 10A.although Bso Cbut Dbecause【解析】根据句中 interested 和“asked him to join us”可知，前后为因果关系，用 so。【答案】B 11A.cause Bresult Cresponse Deffect【解析】根据句中“No，I dont have.”可知，这里指

41、大部分人对于作者的邀请作出的反应。【答案】C 12A.came in Bpassed by Cwent away Dclimbed up【解析】作者用粉笔画画和写字是给过路人看的，由此可得出答案。【答案】B 13A.energy Bcourage Cmoney Dtime【解析】根据句中“I have other plans this evening”可知，那个人说自己没有时间。【答案】D 14A.choice Btopic Cquestion Dtest【解析】根据句中“its up to you”可知，作者让对方选择。【答案】A 15A.sat down Bkept away Clooke

42、d up Dset off【解析】根据上段中“continued to chalk up on the floor”可知，作者要抬头才能看到那个人还在那里。-14-【答案】A 16A.directed Bdiscouraged Cshocked Dattracted【解析】根据句中“he was still around”可知，那个人过了大约十五分钟还没有走，说明他被作者的团队吸引了。【答案】D 17A.changing Bannouncing Cachieving Dexplaining【解析】根据前文“I have other plans this evening”和下文那个人的行为可知，

43、作者猜测他打电话改变了晚上的安排。【答案】A 18A.friend Bmessage Cbook Dlesson【解析】根据 to spread 和下文“his own chalking spirit”可推断，他的确想传达一个讯息。【答案】B 19A.wrote down Bheard of Cpointed out Dtalked about【解析】根据句中“I gave him a piece of chalk”可知，他用粉笔写下了自己的讯息。【答案】A 20A.mind Bcompare Ccover Dspread【解析】根据句中“from one to another”可知，作者意在把这种精神传播出去。【答案】D