高中语法专题被动语态精选PPT.ppt

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1、高中语法专题被动语态第1页，此课件共56页哦一、被一、被动动语语态态构成形式构成形式被被动动语语态态由由“助助动动词词be及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词”构构成成。不不及及物物动动词词没没有有被被动动语语态态。在在不不同同的的时时态态下下助助动动词词be有有不不同的形式。同的形式。第2页，此课件共56页哦现现以及物以及物动词动词tell为为例，列表如下：例，列表如下：时态被动语态的构成一般式一般现在时be(am，is，are)told一般过去时be(was，were)told一般将来时shall/will be told过去将来时should/would be told进行式现在进行时b

2、e(am，is，are)being told过去进行时be(was，were)being told完成式现在完成时have/has been told过去完成时had been told第3页，此课件共56页哦1.一般一般现现在在时时：You are ordered to do it.这样考过这样考过(南南京京调调研研)The temperature will fall sharply the day after tomorrow，when a snowstorm _ to strike our area.A.expectsBhas expectedCis expected Dwill be

3、expected解解析析：句句意意：届届时时会会有有暴暴风风雪雪。be expected to“预预计计会做某事会做某事”。答案：答案：C第4页，此课件共56页哦2一般一般过过去去时时：I was invited to the concert.这样考过这样考过(北北京京)The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.Atreated Bwere treatedCwould treat Dwould be treated第5页，此课件共56页哦解解析析：句句意意：客客人人们们在在旅旅馆馆中

4、中被被招招待待的的方方式式影影响响到到对对他他们们服服务务的的评评价价。此此题题考考查查时时态态语语态态。根根据据题题意意，客客人人是是被被招招待待的的，应应排排除除A、C两两项项；influenced 时时间间提提示示为为一一般般过去时，故选过去时，故选B。答案：答案：B第6页，此课件共56页哦(湖湖南南示示范范性性中中学学联联考考)After being discovered by Dutch explorers in 1606，the eastern half of Australia _ by the British in 1770.Awas claimed Bclaimed Cwas

5、 claiming Dhas been claimed解解析析：由由句句意意：自自1606年年被被荷荷兰兰探探险险者者发发现现之之后后，澳澳大利亚东半部分在大利亚东半部分在1770年宣布为年宣布为英英国所有，知答案选国所有，知答案选A。答案：答案：A第7页，此课件共56页哦3一一般般将将来来时时：The matter will be looked into tomorrow.这样考过这样考过(皖皖西西四四校校)_ is known to us is that the 2012 Olympic Games _ in London.AWhat;will be heldBIt;will hold C

6、As;is held DWhich;holds第8页，此课件共56页哦解解析析：由由句句意意知知空空中中应应填填一一个个引引导导主主语语从从句句的的连连接接词词，并并作作句句子子的的主主语语；由由句句中中的的时时间间2012年年知知表表将将来来，且且Olympic Games与与hold之间为被动关系。综上选之间为被动关系。综上选A。答案：答案：A第9页，此课件共56页哦(北北京京海海淀淀区区)If your order is ready，the Tshirt _ to you as soon as possible.Ahas delivered Bis deliveredCwill deli

7、ver Dwill be delivered解解析析：主主语语是是Tshirt 谓谓语语动动词词，deliver 应应用用被被动动，表表示示Tshirt被被送送，排排除除A、C两两项项。根根据据语语境境，如如果果你你定定了了货，货，Tshirt 将会随时被送货。故选将会随时被送货。故选D项。项。答案：答案：D第10页，此课件共56页哦(北北京京宣宣武武区区)A meeting _ at 3 pm.next Tuesday.Will you go there?Ahas held Bhas been heldCwill be held Dwill hold 解解析析：根根据据时时间间状状语语nex

8、t Tuesday 判判断断用用将将来来式式。主主语语是是meeting 被被举举行行因因此此选选C项项。will be held 为为将将来来时时的的被动式。被动式。答案：答案：C第11页，此课件共56页哦4现现在在进进行行时时：The house is being built.这样考过这样考过(四四川川)Why dont we choose that road to save time?The bridge to it _.Ahas repaired Bis repairedCis being repaired Dwill be repaired第12页，此课件共56页哦解解析析：句句意意

9、：为为什什么么我我们们不不选选择择走走那那条条路路以以节节省省时时间间呢呢？因因为为去去那那条条路路的的桥桥正正在在修修理理中中。题题目目考考查查了了现现在在进进行行时时的的被被动动语语态态作作谓谓语语。桥桥与与修修理理存存在在被被动动关关系系，而而且且根据句子根据句子语语境要求采用进行时态。境要求采用进行时态。答案：答案：C第13页，此课件共56页哦(湖湖南南)Would you please keep silent？The weather report _ and I want to listen.Ais broadcast Bis being broadcastChas been bro

10、adcast Dhad been broadcast 解解析析：句句意意：请请安安静静一一下下好好吗吗？正正广广播播天天气气预预报报呢呢，我我想想听听听听。根根据据句句意意，该该空空考考查查的的是是现现在在进进行行时时的的被被动动语语态。态。答案：答案：B第14页，此课件共56页哦(江江苏苏)Hi，Torry，can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?Sorry._.AIts repaired BIt has been repairedCIts being repaired DIt had been repaired解解析析：句句意意

11、：嗨嗨，Torry，今今天天下下午午我我能能用用一一会会儿儿你你的的电电脑脑吗吗？真真抱抱歉歉，电电脑脑正正在在修修理理。该该句句强强调调的的是是此此时电脑正被维修，需用现在进行时的被动时电脑正被维修，需用现在进行时的被动语语态。态。答案：答案：C第15页，此课件共56页哦5过过去去进进行行时时：When I called，tea was being served.这样考过这样考过(上上海海)During the period of recent terrorist activities，people _ not to touch any unattended bag.Ahad always

12、been warnedBwere always being warnedCare always warning Dalways warned第16页，此课件共56页哦解解析析：句句意意：在在最最近近恐恐怖怖活活动动期期间间，人人们们总总是是在在被被警警告告不不要要碰碰任任何何无无人人照照看看的的包包。be always doing sth.总总是是做做某某事事，表表达达某某种种抱抱怨怨、不不满满或或赞赞许许的的情情绪绪。人人们们是是“被被警警告告”，要用被动，要用被动语语态。态。答案：答案：B第17页，此课件共56页哦6现现在完成在完成时时：My bike has been repaired.

13、这样考过这样考过(全全国国)His sister left home in 1998，and _ since.Ahad not been heard ofBhas not been heard of Chad not heard of Dhas not heard of 第18页，此课件共56页哦解解析析：句句意意：他他妹妹妹妹在在1998年年离离开开家家，从从那那以以后后就就没没了了音音讯讯。根根据据句句意意，指指的的是是过过去去离离开开以以后后，到到现现在在一一直直没没音音讯讯，故故用用现现在在完完成成时时；hear of 与与his sister 在在本本句句中中为为被被动关系，故用被动

14、动关系，故用被动语语态，所以选态，所以选B。答案：答案：B第19页，此课件共56页哦7过过去去完完成成时时：When we went to the cinema，the film had been on for ten minutes.这样考过这样考过(北北京京崇崇文文区区)It was proven that the story of one witness _.Ahas been invented Bhad been inventedCwould be invented Dwas invented解解析析：此此题题考考查查时时态态，据据证证实实(It was proven that.)用用

15、过去的时态，故后面用过去完成式过去的时态，故后面用过去完成式(已经被编造出来已经被编造出来)。答案：答案：B第20页，此课件共56页哦(皖皖 南南 八八 校校 联联 考考)This Monday morning I was informed I _ as one of three exchange students from our college.Ahad been choosing Bwas chosenChad been chosen Dwas choosing解析：解析：过去的过去应用过去完成时的被动过去的过去应用过去完成时的被动语语态。态。答案：答案：C第21页，此课件共56页哦8过

16、过去去将将来来时时：He said that the teaching building would be built next month.这样考过这样考过(2006湖湖南南)In a room above the store，where a party_，some workers were busily setting the table.Awas to be held Bhas been heldCwill be held Dis being held第22页，此课件共56页哦解解析析：由由some workers were busily setting the table，可知会议要被

17、召开，同时时态为过去时，故选可知会议要被召开，同时时态为过去时，故选A。答案：答案：A第23页，此课件共56页哦9将将来来完完成成时时：They will have finished the work ahead of time when we decide to see them.这样考过这样考过(青岛质检青岛质检)Have you finished your essay?Half _ when you come back.Ahas been done Bis doneCbe done Dwill have been done第24页，此课件共56页哦解解析析：考考查查动动词词时时态态和和语

18、语态态辨辨析析。when引引导导的的时时间间状状语语从从句句中中用用一一般般现现在在时时代代替替一一般般将将来来时时，所所以以主主句句表表示示将将来来的的动动作作，且且表表示示“等等你你回回来来的的时时候候一一半半的的工工作作将将已已经经完完成成”。答案：答案：D第25页，此课件共56页哦10含含有有情情态态动动词词的的被被动动语语态态：情情态态动动词词be动动词词的的过过去分去分词词These books must be returned in three days.注注：被被动动语语态态还还有有一一种种“get过过去去分分词词”的的结结构构，这这种种结结构比构比较较口口语语化。例如：化。例

19、如：Teacher Wang got married last year.第26页，此课件共56页哦这样考过这样考过(北北京京宣宣武武区区)At minus 130，a living cell can _ for a thousand years.Apreserve Bbe preservedCbe preserving Dhave been preserved解解析析：考考查查情情态态动动词词用用法法。can 后后面面接接动动词词原原形形，同同时时应应注注意意被被动动语语态态。句句意意为为：在在零零下下130时时，活活细细胞胞可可以存活一千年。以存活一千年。答案：答案：B第27页，此课件共5

20、6页哦二、主二、主动动形式表示被形式表示被动动意意义义的情况的情况用法例句这几类动词作谓语时表示烹调、饮食方面的动词。如：cook，eat，drink，taste等。The soup tastes delicious.汤很好喝。表示运动变化的某些动词。如：drive，change，move等。In America，cars drive on the righthand side of the road.在美国，车辆靠右行驶。表示主语状态、特征的连系动词。如：look，feel，smell，sound等。The desk feels smooth.这张桌子摸起来很光滑。第28页，此课件共56页哦

21、用法例句用来作定语，和被修饰的名词有动宾关系，又和另一名词或代词有主谓关系的动词不定式。Please lend me a pen to write with.请借给我一支钢笔写字。在“beadj.不定式”结构中，不定式表示的动作与主语之间存在动宾关系，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。The chair is very comfortable to sit on.这把椅子坐着很舒适。在“疑问词不定式”结构中，不定式动作与疑问词之间存在动宾关系，可用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。Who do you think can tell us what to do?你认为谁可以告诉我们做什么？第29页，此

22、课件共56页哦用法例句在there be结构中，主语后的不定式可用主动形式表示被动意义，也可用其被动形式。但跟逻辑主语时必须用主动形式。There is nothing to fear/to be feared.没有什么可害怕的。Theres nothing for me to do today.今天我无事可做。在beadj./adv.enough不定式结构中，可用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。The story was not interesting enough to publish.这部小说趣味性不够，不能发表。表示“需要”意义的need，want，require及worth之后的动名词

23、用主动形式表示被动意义。His watch is out of order and needs repairing.他的手表出毛病了，需要修理。第30页，此课件共56页哦这样考过这样考过(洛洛阳阳统统考考)Honey，this is a present for your birthday.Ah！A pair of shoes，Nike！I think it _ comfortable.Awears Bis wornCis wearing Dhas worn解析：解析：it wears comfortable 它穿起来很舒服。它穿起来很舒服。答案：答案：A第31页，此课件共56页哦(郑州预测郑州

24、预测)Id like a pen which _ well.Will this one _？Awrites;help Bwrites;doCis written;work Dis written;help解解析析：考考查查动动词词的的语语态态和和动动词词辨辨析析。第第一一空空表表示示“一一支支好好用用的的钢钢笔笔”，用用主主动动语语态态而而不不用用被被动动，因因此此空空白白处处填填writes。答答语语说说：这这支支笔笔可可以以吗吗？表表示示“行行，可可以以”用用动动词词do。答案：答案：B第32页，此课件共56页哦(北北京京五五中中)Our house has reached the poi

25、nt where so many things need _ and its so hard to find the time to fix them.Ato do up Bdoing upCto put up Dputting up答案：答案：B第33页，此课件共56页哦三、被三、被动动语语态态与系表与系表结结构的区构的区别别被被动动语语态态表表示示动动作作，主主语语是是动动作作的的承承受受者者；而而系系表表结结构构则则表示主表示主语语的特征或所的特征或所处处的状的状态态。区别例句大多数用by短语的句子是被动语态；若用其他固定搭配的介词，往往是系表结构。I was frightened by

26、 his ghost story.(被动语态)我被他的鬼故事吓着了。I was frightened of snakes.(系表结构)我怕蛇。第34页，此课件共56页哦区别例句“bep.p.”是一般现在时，若句中有时间状语，说明动作的反复性或习惯性，是被动语态；若无这类状语，则是系表结构。The bank is usually closed at six.(被动语态)银行通常在6点关门。The bank is now closed.(系表结构)银行现在没开门。“bep.p.”是一般过去时，若句中有时间、地点、方式或目的状语，多为被动语态；没有状语的情况要依据上下文意思确定。The pictur

27、e was drawn long ago.(被动语态)这幅画是很久以前画的。The picture was drawn well.(系表结构)这幅画画得很好。第35页，此课件共56页哦这样考过这样考过(武武汉汉)Moms spent the day shopping，cleaning and cooking and now she_.A has worn out B is worn outC is wearing out D wears out解解析析：本本题题的的第第一一分分句句用用的的是是现现在在完完成成时时，再再根根据据时时间间状状语语now可可知知指指现现在在状状况况，所所以以用用一一

28、般般现现在在时时，be worn out意为意为“筋疲力尽筋疲力尽”。答案：答案：B第36页，此课件共56页哦四、四、“get过过去分去分词词”结结构的用法构的用法用法例句表示突然、偶然、意外发生的事。The student got hurt on his way home from school.这名学生在放学回家的路上受了伤。Some glasses got broken when we were moving.我们搬家的时候有些杯子被打碎了。第37页，此课件共56页哦用法例句表示反身行为而非被动行为。I have to get dressed before 8 oclock.8点钟前我必

29、须穿戴好。Im afraid you cant have time to get changed before the party.恐怕在晚会前你没时间换衣服了。表示说话者强调的动作。Antonio and Portia arranged to get married.安东尼奥和鲍西娅筹备要结婚。Did you get invited to the party?你被邀请参加舞会了吗？第38页，此课件共56页哦这样考过这样考过(北北京京东东城城区区)Do you know how much a babysitter _ for an hour?Well，it depends.Apays Bget

30、s paidCbeing paid Dpaid解解析析：根根据据句句意意“你你知知道道一一个个保保姆姆一一小小时时挣挣多多少少钱钱吗吗”可知答案为可知答案为B。答案：答案：B第39页，此课件共56页哦(重庆诊断重庆诊断)Whats wrong with your leg?It _ in a car accident.Ahas been hurt Bgot hurt Churt Dhurts解解析析：考考查查谓谓语语动动词词的的时时态态和和语语态态。答答语语意意为为：在在一一次次车车祸祸中中受受伤伤了了。主主语语It即即指指my leg，为为谓谓语语动动词词动动作作的的承承受受者者，因因此此需需

31、要要用用被被动动语语态态；车车祸祸发发生生在在过过去去，因因此此应应用一般过去时。这里用一般过去时。这里got hurtwas hurt。答案：答案：B第40页，此课件共56页哦单项填空单项填空1 The students said hello to the teacher and _ with a smile.Awere rewarded Bwas rewardedChave rewarded Dhas rewarded第41页，此课件共56页哦答答案案与与解解析析：A“学学生生们们向向老老师师问问好好，老老师师回回应应给给他他们们一一个个微微笑笑。”应应该该是是“学学生生们们被被回回应应”

32、由由句句意意可可知知此此处处为为被被动动，故故C、D排排除除；又又“the students”做做主主语语，所所以谓以谓语语动词为动词为“were”，故选，故选A项。项。第42页，此课件共56页哦2Have the traffic police caught the driver?Yes.He _ only two hours after the accident occurred.Awas caught BcaughtChas caught Dhas caught答答案案与与解解析析：A表表示示过过去去某某一一时时间间点点发发生生的的事事用用过过去式。去式。He和和caught 形成被动关系

33、，用被动形成被动关系，用被动语语态。态。第43页，此课件共56页哦3The windows must have taken you quite a long time that day.Right.They _ for weeks.Ahavent been cleaned Bdidnt cleanChadnt been cleaned Dhavent cleaned答答案案与与解解析析：C考考查查时时态态。第第一一句句话话的的谓谓语语动动词词是是must have taken，说说明明此此处处是是对对过过去去发发生生的的事事情情的的推推测测；答答语语“好好几几个个星星期期没没有有打打扫扫了了”

34、发发生生在在that day 之之前前，表表示示过去的过去，因此用过去完成时。过去的过去，因此用过去完成时。第44页，此课件共56页哦4The advanced highspeed railway _ in the year 2012，when the Olympics are to be held in London.Awill be completed Bhas completedCwill have completed Dwill complete答答案案与与解解析析：A考考查查谓谓语语动动词词的的时时态态。句句中中的的时时间间状状语语in the year 2012暗暗示示应应该该用用

35、将将来来的的某某种种时时态态，主主语语“The advanced highspeed railway”是是动动作作的的承承受受者者，因因此应用被动此应用被动语语态，只有选项态，只有选项A为被动为被动语语态，答案为态，答案为A。第45页，此课件共56页哦5Why do you look so worried?My computer broke down and my essay _ since.Ahas been left unfinishedBhas left to finishCwas left to finishDhad been left unfinished答答案案与与解解析析：A考考

36、查查动动词词的的时时态态和和语语态态。由由broke down和和since 可可知知时时态态用用现现在在完完成成时时，且且主主语语与与谓谓语语动动词词之间是动宾关系，故用被动之间是动宾关系，故用被动语语态。态。第46页，此课件共56页哦6Why dont you buy that shirt?That kind of material _ well.Adoesnt wash Bhasnt washedCisnt washed Dcant be washed第47页，此课件共56页哦答答案案与与解解析析：A有有少少数数及及物物动动词词可可转转化化为为不不及及物物动动词词，常常见见的的有有：cu

37、t，lock，open，read，sell，shut，wash，wear，write等等，此此时时句句子子的的主主语语一一般般是是物物，而而且且这这些些动动词词常常和和well，easily等等连连用用或或与与否否定定词词连连用用构构成成否否定定句句。注注意意：含含有有这这类类动动词词的的句句子子也也可可用用被被动动语语态态表表示示，但但含含义义不不同同。主主动动语语态态表表示示现现状状，被被动动语语态态则则侧侧重重某某一一动动作作的发生。本句表示那种面料很不耐洗，所以选的发生。本句表示那种面料很不耐洗，所以选A。第48页，此课件共56页哦7After saying goodbye，the c

38、ouple moved off and _ in the crowd.Awas lost Bwere lost Chad lost Dto lose答答案案与与解解析析：B考考查查动动词词的的时时态态和和主主谓谓一一致致。主主语语是是the couple，谓谓语语动动词词应应用用复复数数形形式式；空空中中的的时时态态应应与与moved off 一致，此处应用一致，此处应用be lost，表示，表示“消失在人群里消失在人群里”。第49页，此课件共56页哦8Why do you go to work by bus?Because my car _.Ahas repaired Bhas been r

39、epairedCwas repaired Dis being repaired答答案案与与解解析析：D考考查查时时态态与与语语态态。从从本本题题语语境境可可知知，没没有有开开车车的的原原因因是是车车子子正正在在被被修修理理，因因此此动动词词应应该该使使用用现现在进行时的被动在进行时的被动语语态。态。第50页，此课件共56页哦9He _ as a child，sent to good schools，and given every chance to be brought up well.Areads Bhad to readCwas read to Dread to 答答案案与与解解析析：C短

40、短语语read something to somebody“给给某某人人朗朗读读”。语语境境为为：小小时时候候，有有人人给给他他朗朗读读、送送他他去去上上好好学学校校、给给他他提提供供一一切切有有助助于于他他成成材材的的机机会会。在在他他儿时，应是别人给他朗读，因此空白处应填儿时，应是别人给他朗读，因此空白处应填was read to。第51页，此课件共56页哦10What is that noise?Oh，I forgot to tell you that the new machine _.Awas tested Bwill be testedCis being tested Dhas b

41、een tested答答案案与与解解析析：C考考查查时时态态和和语语态态。由由上上一一句句中中的的一一般般现现在在时时知知说说话话者者询询问问的的是是目目前前的的噪噪声声是是怎怎么么回回事事，故故答答话话中中应应用用现现在在进进行行时时表表示示目目前前的的情情况况；同同时时，机机器器应应是是被被测试的，故用被动测试的，故用被动语语态。态。第52页，此课件共56页哦11This kind of ball pen which _ smoothly is quite popular with students.Ais written Bwriting Cwritten Dwrites答答案案与与解解

42、析析：Dwrite v vi.写写起起来来，表表示示事事物物本本身身具具有有的的性性质质，用用主主动动形形式式。write smoothly 写写起起来来流流畅畅。which引引导导定定语语从从句句且且在在从从句句中中作作主主语语，所所填填部部分分作作定定语语从从句句的的谓谓语语，故选，故选D。第53页，此课件共56页哦12The TV series“The Gate of the Sea”，which is adapted from a popular novel，_ in Taizhou in the early 1980s.Awas set Bis set Chas been set D

43、had been set 答答案案与与解解析析：B本本题题考考查查时时态态。句句意意：“海海之之门门”这这部部由由流流行行小小说说改改编编成成的的电电视视连连续续剧剧，是是以以二二十十世世纪纪八八十十年年代代早早期期的的台台州州为为背背景景。由由句句意意可可知知本本题题是是在在陈陈述述客客观观事事实实，因此用一般现在时，故选因此用一般现在时，故选B。第54页，此课件共56页哦13Can you see what is written on that board?Yes.It _“CAUTION：WET FLOOR”Areads Bis readCwrites Dis written答答案案与与

44、解解析析：Aread表表示示“写写着着”，做做本本题题时时注注意意与与汉汉语语习惯的差异。习惯的差异。第55页，此课件共56页哦14Bread and butter _ for breakfast in many Chinese homes nowadays.Aserve BserversCis served Dare served答答案案与与解解析析：C考考查查主主谓谓一一致致与与语语态态。bread and butter 作作为为一一个个整整体体谓谓语语动动词词用用单单数数。be served for.被被当当作作；serve breakfast 供应早餐。供应早餐。第56页，此课件共56页哦