英语四级考试辅导资料.doc

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1、英语四级考试辅导资料第一部分 应试指导一 关于四级考试题型的构成1， 听力理解 2.阅读理解 3.完形填空 4.写作和翻译听力理解部分分值比例为35，其中听力对话15，听力短文20阅读理解部分分值为35，其中仔细阅读25，快速阅读部分10完形填空或改错部分比例为10写作和翻译部分分值比例为20总分为710分，听力249，阅读249，完形或改错70，作文142.答题时间为125分钟。第二部分 写作策略四级写作的体裁包括说明文议论文和应用文。写作的素材可以是中文，英文和图表。一 文章的基本结构Topic Sentence Explanation Reason Evidence Example Ex

2、periment Comment 大学英语四级写作通常采用三段论模式，即：开头段，主题段和结尾段。二写作实例分析（一）说明文(1)说明文一般用于解释和分析社会现象或社会问题。Paragraph 1 phenomenon Paragraph 2 reasons Paragraph 3 suggestions or solutions Drug abuse among young people has become more and more prevalent over recent years. Statistics show that the number of youth drug use

3、rs almost doubles in the past three years. It is vital to analyze why drugs are so attractive to young people and what can be done to combat it. Firstly, teenagers are under increasing pressure this may be peer or pressure to succeed for example. Drug use may help them escape reality, forget their p

4、roblems, or simply feel more accepted by their friends. In addition, through the media we are exposed to information that glamorizes drug use and makes it look attractive, particularly to young people. Furthermore, teenagers are usually naturally curious about drug, and drug dealers can take advanta

5、ge of this curiosity for their own profit. High fines and prison sentences should also be imposed on drug dealers and users. However, it is my own personal view that prevention is better than cure and so a good education programmed about the dangers of drug abuse is one of the most important steps a

6、ny government should take. 说明文（2）比较性说明文用于比较两种或几种类似的事物，要求考生通过比较它们各自的优点或缺点，说明自己的看法，并加以论证。Paragraph 1 phenomenon Paragraph 2 advantages Paragraph 3 disadvantagesParagraph 4 comments A mobile phone is getting increasingly popular. Statistics show that eight out of ten college students have got one. Howe

7、ver, as is the case with many issues, a mobile phone has both positive and negative aspects.On the positive side, a mobile phone allows calls to be made instantly from almost any location. This can be vital where emergency services need to be called to the scene of a crime, accident or fire, where n

8、o public telephone is nearby. Meanwhile, a mobile phone can serve as a connection to the Internet, which can be extremely convenient for obtaining information wherever you may be. The fact that a mobile phone allows a person to be contacted at any time can it itself be a disadvantage. For instance,

9、an employee may, via the mobile phone, be constantly available to this employer and feels that he never leaves work. This may cause distress. Another disadvantage is the perceived health risks associated with its use. Some people believe that using mobile phones for long periods can damage the brain

10、. There is no denying that a mobile phone had both benefits and drawbacks but on balance perhaps the advantages of a mobile phone outweigh its disadvantages since a mobile has become an integral part of modern life.说明文（3）图表写作也属于说明文的类型，结构如下：Paragraph 1 change Paragraph 2 reasons or implication Paragr

11、aph 3 conclusion The period 1995-2005 witnessed a rapid increase in the number of people in city X traveling abroad. As can be seen, in 1995, only about 10,000 people in this city went overseas while in 1995 this number quickly rose to 40,000. In 2005, however the number of overseas traveler surged

12、to over 120,000, which is more than 10 times as many as that of 1995.This change can be accounted for by a couple of factors. First, along with social and economy progress, the living standard of the Chinese people has been greatly enhanced, so they have enough money and time to travel abroad. Meanw

13、hile, more and more people want to enjoy themselves and broaden their vision by visiting overseas historical places and experiencing exotic cultures.Overseas travel has a profound effect on both individuals and the society. It can widen our peoples horizons, promote friendship and enhance cultural i

14、nteraction. In the meantime, it can also boost our social economy and make our society more prosperous and dynamic. Its good for our nations progress. （二）议论文（1）第一种形式要求考生针对某一有争议性的两种观点，来阐述自己的立场，或对这一问题反映出的某一观点进行驳斥，提出自己的看法并加以论证。My View on Data CollectionData collection is a fact of modern life. Some arg

15、ue that data collection is endangering the rights of individuals, though others see it as a useful tool which increases efficiency. To be frank, I believe data collection does more good than harm. For one thing, databases provide a very useful tool. Large databases which contain information on many

16、individuals can enable more effective decisions to be made. Institutions such as government departments and police rely on data collection in order to operate efficiently, and hospitals use computerized records to help in their fight against disease. For another, databases stored on computer can als

17、o be very efficient. Data which has been collected n one area can be sent anywhere in the world almost instantly. This means that those have legitimate access to this data can work very efficiently. In summery, data collection on individuals can be justified, although all possible measures should be

18、 taken to minimize the risks. 议论文(2)第二种形式要求考生针对某一有争议性的观点，表明自己的观点，并提出自己的论证。Direction: it is very important that children should study hard at school. Time spent playing sport is time wasted. Do you agree or disagree? Give your reasons?We could argue that children go to school to study so that they ma

19、y become fully productive adults and good citizens. We should ask whether playing sport helps children to become better people. If so, sport is not a waste of time. It is generally believed that students need more than the knowledge of a subject. They need to know how to work in groups to achieve a

20、mutual goal, how to work as a team. Where better to learn those skills than on the sports field? Any of the team sports involve coordination with other players, understanding and adopting a team mentality. These skills are too useful to be ignored. Moreover, it is important that people be healthy, a

21、nd good health is not so easily achieved in a sedentary society. Sport gets students outside and gives them good reason to run about, thus countering hours spent sitting still. So although school studies are undeniably important, we should regard time spent playing sport as time well spent. 应用文A Let

22、ter of ApplicationDear Sir or Madam,I am a sophomore with major in Automation. Though I have made a great progress during my first year academic training, I find that I am more interested in Business Administration. Now I am writing to you to formally request to switch to this area of study.The main

23、 reason for my decision is that the major I am studying in is my parents choice. They insisted that I should study what they had learned before but after a years study I have come to realize this is not the career I want to pursue in my future life. Besides, I have attended business classes as my op

24、tional course and achieved a good success, which further confirms my decision. I am sorry for any inconvenience or trouble that might have been caused by this change. The decision is not made lightly. I do appreciate your kind consideration and sincerely hope you will grant me the shift to the new d

25、epartment. 听力部分短对话部分包括8个短对话。解题技巧：1. 听前积极预测2. 听时随机应变长对话共有两篇，7个题目。题材一般与学校生活有关：1. 课程内容（以上课为背景，介绍某个知识）2. 打工内容（常涉及到工作的内容，与学习课程的冲突等）3. 科学知识（以上课内容形式出题，范围极其广泛）4. 度假旅游经历5. 学校生活（餐厅的食物，某个教师等）6. 住宿生活（特别是与室友或房东的矛盾）7. 某个娱乐活动解题技巧：1. 正确判断信息2. 掌握一定的思维方式3. 留心首句4. 掌握出题形式，抓住听的重点5. 听时做笔记短文听力3篇短文，共10道题。内容可以分为以下几类：1. 科普性短

26、文，介绍一些自然现象以及科学界的实验和研究成果。2. 文化历史，风俗习惯，音乐艺术以及体育方面的短文，介绍这些领域中有影响的地方，事件和著名人物等。3. 常识性短文，介绍生活，如衣食住行等方面的小常识。4. 故事性短文，介绍一个有趣故事或某人的经历。5. 与学生学习和生活密切相关的教育和校园生活的短文。解题技巧：1. 分析题与题之间的关系，把握短文的大意。2. 浏览选项，划出关键词。复合式听写：解题技巧：单词填空：1. 一心二用2. 有效记录3. 加强练习，改进方法句子听写：1. 关注动词后面的介词或副词搭配，这对理解句子有极大帮助2. 关注并列的动词。3. 对于长句，要在连词上下功夫，对于那

27、些引导状语，定语，表语主语等从句的连词要特别敏感，这样才能从整个句子结构这个层面上去把握。具体可以考虑以下步骤：1. 听第一遍时，抓主要意思和长句的结构，有可能的话，记下句子的主干。2.听第二遍时，在理解的基础上迅速记录，要学一点速记的方法，要有自己的一套符号，这样可以不必将每个单词都写完。3.听最后一遍录音时， 将句子的细节补充完整，同时将速记符号或不完整的词改过来，特别注意那些容易被忽略的词。快速阅读：由一篇长度在1000词左右的阅读文章，7道是非题以及3道句子填空题组成。解题技巧：1. 花两分钟左右略读全文，确定：（1）文章话题（2）文章主题（3）文章结构2.分析题目，确定：（1）题目类

28、型是综合判断题还是细节判断题（2）判断线索主题词或信号词3.对综合判断题，根据文章话题及主题思想作出判断4.对细节判断题，根据主题词或信号词，结合文章结构定位，然后作出判断选词填空：一篇阅读文章，长度在250词左右，题目为10道选词填空，要求从给出的15个词中选择10个填如合适的空格中。解题技巧：首先，对备选词多研读几遍，对词性作简单的标记，对词义作初步的理解。然后，通读全文，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地推测空格中所缺失的信息，根据推测的结果寻找匹配的答案，避免依赖效率低下的代入法解题。解题时，如果碰到复杂句式或涉及上下句的情况，需理清句子的逻辑结构。阅读理解共有2篇文章，长度在3

29、30400词左右，题目为10套四选一的选择题。解题技巧：1. 首先，通过略读把握文章主旨，重点论点和论据以及作者的观点和态度。2. 然后，浏览题干，到原文准哦年购物寻找切入点。完形填空：主要分为以下几类：1. 固定搭配考语感2. 语义词汇考语义3. 关系连词考结构解题技巧：1. 首先，不要急于选择，完形填空以整篇理解为基础，应先将文章通读一遍，把握文章全貌，抓住文章主旨。2. 选择时，要“瞻前顾后”，摸清文章的脉络。3. 词汇和惯用法的选择要注意所选词与前后词句的搭配和时态。改错：改错是综合题型。在以下几个方面考查：固定搭配语法句法语义逻辑关系连词指代关系词汇用法中译英翻译部分的题目从形式来说，可以考查：主句从句介词结构ING形式不定式 14