独立主格结构课件高考英语一轮复习.pptx

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1、独立主格结构,一、定义,独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）是一种英语句式，由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(动名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中作状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等。,二、独立主格结构的构成及用法,1. 名词/代词+动词不定式:动词不定式表示的是将来的动作He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help. Many fl

2、owers to be planted, our newly-built school will look more beautiful.,2. 名词/代词+现在分词:现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态等。The children playing in the room, I couldnt get down studying.,3. 名词/代词+过去分词:过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作或所处的一种状态。This down, we went home.He walked into the classroom, his head lowered.,4. 名词/代词+形容

3、词/副词：形容词或副词说明前面名词或代词的性质、状态、原因等。其中副词主要是over, on, off, up, down等，一般不用-ly类副词。So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off. The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room.,5. 名词/代词+名词:名词主要用以说明某一情况或表达方式，一般作前面名词或代词的同位语。His first shot failure, he fired again,6. 名词/代词+介词短语:介词短语说明伴随前面

4、名词或代词的方式或状态。Mary was sitting near the fire, her back towards the door.We walked out, one behind the other.,7. There being + 名词There being nothing else to do, we went home.There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed.,8. with 复合结构with复合结构，即“with/without+宾语+宾语补足语”可构成独立主格结构，在句中作时间、条件、原

5、因、方式、伴随状语等。此外，该结构还可作后置定语，修饰其前面的名词。,with +名词/代词+动词不定式With Tom to help me, I finished the work.The kid feels excited with so many places of interest to visit.,with +名词/代词+现在分词He fell asleep with the light burning.,with +名词/代词+过去分词Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room.,with +名词/代词+形容词/副

6、词He often sleeps with the windows open.,with +名词/代词+名词She used to sit reading in the evening with her dog her only companion.,with +名词/代词+介词短语He sat there thinking, with his chin on his hand.,with/without 复合结构中，多数情况下with可省略，但without不能省略。,1.The cave _ very dark, he lit some candles _ light. A. was; g

7、iven B. was; to give C. being; given D. being; to give 2. _, we went home in a hurry. A. The meeting was over B. As the meeting being over C. Being over D. The meeting over 3. _, she went to bed with great satisfaction. A. After all done B. All done C. All had been done D. Doing all 4. He sat listen

8、ing to the teacher, _. A. opened his mouth B. and opening his mouth C. with his mouth open D. his mouth was opened,D,D,B,C,5._ that he could speak English very well, they all came to practise English with him. A. He being known B. It was known C. He was known D. It being known 6. The boy fell to the

9、 ground from the tree, his eyes _ and his hands _. A. closing; trembled B. closed; trembled C. closing; trembling D. closed; trembling 7. _ Sunday, the library is closed. A. Being B. It beingC. There beingD. It is,D,D,B,8._, I had to ask for two days leave. A.Mother being ill B.Mother ill C.As mothe

10、r was ill D. all the above 9. The soldier fell asleep _. A.with the candle burning B.burning the candle C.when he burning the candle D.when burning the candle 10.The murderer was brought in , _. A. with his hands tied B. with his hands tying C. with his hands being tied D. his hands had been tied,D,A,A,Thank you!,