初中英语语法总复习（刘蕊）.doc

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1、1Grammar Revision In Junior English时态时态A.一般现在时态一般现在时态(表示经常发生的动做或存在的状态表示经常发生的动做或存在的状态.结构结构V/V-s,与与often,always,usually,sometimes,every+n.等连用等连用,助动词助动词do,does)变下列句子为否定句变下列句子为否定句,一般问句并作肯定和否定回答一般问句并作肯定和否定回答.1.We are middle-school students.We _ middle-school students._middle-school students?Yes,_ _.No,_

2、_.2.The girl looks like her mother.The girl _ like her mother._the girl _ like her mother?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.(系动词turn,get,become,grow,feel,sound,look,taste,smell变否定,疑问,回答时与行为动词变化相同)3.The boys often play football on the playground.The boys _often _ football on the playground._the boys often _football on

3、the playground?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.4.Tom watches TV every day.Tom _ TV every day._Tom_TV every day?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.5.I have some new books.I _ new books.orI _ _ _new books._you _ new books?or_you _new books?Yes,_ _.No,_.OrYes,_ _.No,_ _.填空填空:1.We _(come)to school at seven every day.2.The sun _(rise)in the

4、 east and _(set)in the west.3.She said that light _(travel)faster than sound.4.If it _ _(not rain)tomorrow,we _ _(go)to the Great Wall.5.I _ _(give)it to him as soon as he _(come)back.6.My daughter _(leave)for Dalian tomorrow.(go,start,leave,come,begin,return,stop,want用一般现在时用一般现在时,表示安排计划好的将来的动作表示安排计

5、划好的将来的动作)7.There _(go)the bell.Then _(come)winter.(有些倒装句用一般现在时)8.If I _(have)time tomorrow,I _ _(go)with you.9.Please_(tell)her as soon as you _(see)her tomorrow.10.Tom often _(do)his homework at the table.11.Mary _(try)on shoes when she _(buy)them.12.The girl often _(catch)cold when she _(dance).13

6、._ your mother _(do)some cleaning on Sundays?14._ Jim_(has)to work hard to help his family?Yes,he _.15.Neither I nor he _(speak)French.16 Which teacher _(give)lessons to you every day?17.Nobody _(know)how to mend the machine.B.现在进行时态现在进行时态(表此刻或现阶段正在进行的动做表此刻或现阶段正在进行的动做.结构结构:助动词助动词am/is/are+V-ing,标志词标

7、志词now,look,listen,Its6 oclock,at the moment)变下列句子为否定句变下列句子为否定句,一般问句并作肯定和否定回答一般问句并作肯定和否定回答.1.We are having an English class now.We _ _ an English class now._ you _ an English class now?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.2.My brother is watering some flowers in the garden.My brother_ _ _ flowers in the garden.2_ _ brothe

8、r _ _ flowers in the garden?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.填空填空:1.Look!The dog _(run)after the cat.2.Listen!Someone _(sing)in the next room.3.What _you _(do)now?Im writing a letter.4.Where is Kate?She _(climb)the hill over there.5.Its six oclock in the morning.The Blacks _(have)breakfast.6.How _ you _(feel)today?(比

9、How do you feel today?更亲切)7.He _ always _(think)of others.(赞叹,厌烦,表扬,批评)8.The monkeys _ always _(run)and _(jump).(反复的动作)9.He _ always _(leave)things about.10.We _ _(eat)potatoes these days.(进行时态用于持续性动词,若与瞬间动词连用,表示“即将”,“重复行动”)11.He _(begin)to do his lessons at eight every evening.12._he _(get)on well

10、with his friends this term?13.Mr.Smith _short stories,but he _a TV play these days.(write)14.I_to the cinema.I _ there every Sunday.(go)15.You _(think)about the future now,_ you?C.一般将来时态一般将来时态(表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,结构结构:助动助动词词will+V,/be going to+V,标志标志词词tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,next

11、year,(month,week,Sunday),in an hour,this evening,tonight,by the end of thisterm/year)变下列句子为否定句变下列句子为否定句,一般问句并作肯定和否定回答一般问句并作肯定和否定回答.1.The boys will have a picnic tomorrow.The boys _ a picnic tomorrow._ the boys _a picnic tomorrow?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.2.Im going to fly a kite this afternoon.Im _ going to fl

12、y a kite this afternoon._ _going to fly a kite this afternoon?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.填空填空:1.be about to do(即将发生的事即将发生的事)We _ about _ _(leave).He _ about _ _(go)to school.2.be to do(按计划安排将要发生的动作按计划安排将要发生的动作)The book _ _ _(come)out.3.Be careful.The bus _(come).The train _(start).(go,come,move,leave,send,start

13、,have进行时表将来,表按计划安排发生的事)My father _(leave)Shanghai.My father _(leave)for Shanghai.4._ you please _(open)the door?_ I _(have)another cake?(征求询问对方意见,客气委婉语气)5.Look at those clouds.It is _(rain)soon,Im afraid.6.The radio says it _(snow)the day after tomorrow.7.What day _ it _(be)tomorrow?8.The boy _(be)s

14、ixteen years old next year.9._ you _(wake)me up at six,please?10.When she _(come)next time,I_(tell)her everything.综合填空综合填空:1.I dont know when she _(return),but when she _(return),I_(let)you know.32.We _(send)for a doctor if you _(be)not better in the evening.3.Wait here please,and I _(be)back soon.4

15、.The train _(be)about to leave._he _(get)to the station in time?5.If there _(be)no water,there _(be)no living things on earth.6.How long _you _(think)this fine weather _(last)?7.Dont worry,I_(go)to see him at once.8.You _(not have)classes this afternoon because your teacher is ill in hospital.9.John

16、 _(study)very hard.He _(speak)good English.10.Miss Guo _(teach)us Chinese this term.She _(be)a very good teacher.She often_(talk)with us after class.Many of us like_(talk)with her.Now,she _(talk)with Lily.11.Listen!Who _(read)English?Han Mei is.She often _(read)English in the evening?12.Where _ thei

17、r father _(work)?He _(work)on a farm.But now he _(notwork).He _(stay)at home.13.What time _the shop _(close)?It _(close)at 9 oclock in the evening.But be quick,it_(be,close)now.14.Tom can not walk fast because he _(carry)a heavy box.15.Do you think the teachers _(have)a meeting now?16.Why is the gir

18、l _(stand)at the door?_(ask)her to come in.句型转换句型转换:1.He throws a frisby every afternoon.He _ a frisby now.2.They must clean the bedroom once a week.Look!They _ the bedroom.3.Kate is making a model plane now.Kate _ _ a model plane in three hours.D.一般过去时态一般过去时态(过去发生的动作或存在的状态过去发生的动作或存在的状态,或过去一段时间经常反复发

19、生的习惯动作或过去一段时间经常反复发生的习惯动作.结构结构:V-ed.标志标志词词:yesterday,the day before yesterday,a few years ago,last year/week,in 1998,just now.助动词助动词did)变下列句子为否定句变下列句子为否定句,一般问句并作肯定和否定回答一般问句并作肯定和否定回答.1.We picked the apples on the farm last October.We _ _ the apples on the farm lastOctober._ you _ the apples on the far

20、m last October?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.2.They were at school just now.They _ _ at school just now._ they at school just now?Yes,_ _.No,_.填空填空:1.When _(be)you born?I _(be)born in July,1989.2.He _(use)to make model ships last year.3.In the old days,she often _(go)to bed hungry.4.He often _(stay)late in the for

21、est.It _(worry)me very much.5.When I _(visit)the Childrens Palace,the children _(jump)with joy.6._ they _(have)a sports meeting last Sunday?Yes,they _.7._Jack _(go)on with his work or _(stop)to have a rest?8.You gave them a talk two days ago,_ you?9.What day _(be)it yesterday?It _(be)Tuesday.10.The

22、teacher_(ask)us to do the exercises on Page 38.11.LiLei_(be)out when I called him.句型转换句型转换:1.My mother often washes at home.My mother _ at home last week42.Yesterday mother and I shopped in a shop.(否定句)Yesterday mother and I _ _ in a shop.3.Her uncle lived in Shanghai two years ago._her uncle _ in S

23、hanghai two years ago?E.过去进行时态过去进行时态(表示过去某一时刻或一段时间正在进行的动作表示过去某一时刻或一段时间正在进行的动作.结构结构:助动词助动词was/were+V-ing.标志词标志词:atthis time yesterday,at that time,fromtolast night,at nine last night,when he came in.)变下列句子为否定句变下列句子为否定句,一般问句并作肯定和否定回答一般问句并作肯定和否定回答.1.Mum was doing some washing yesterday evening.Mum_doin

24、g some washing yesterdayevening._Mum doing some washing yesterday evening?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.2.They were watching TV at this time last night.They _ watching TV at this time last night._ they watching TV at this time last night?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.填空填空:1.The students _(do)exercises themselves when the teacher

25、 came in.2.Mr.Green _(mend)the car from 1 to 2 yesterday afternoon.3.Our teacher _ always _(work)like that.4.He said that he _(having)supper at this time yesterday.5.It was getting colder.The wind _(blow)hard and the snow _(fall)heavily.The little girl selling the matches _(walk)in the street.6.When

26、/While I _(walk)in the street,I _(drop)my pen on the ground.7.I _(do)my homework and _(forget)the time.8.My granny _(cook)while I _(make)a dress.9.This time yesterday Jack _(play)basketball.He _(not watch)TV.10.When they _(walk)through the forest,a bear _(come)at them.11.She _(make)her dress the who

27、le afternoon.12.While my father _(look)through the paper,he suddenly _(hear)out a cry of surprise.13.When I _(enter)the room,he _(not see)me,for he _(read)sth.with great interest.14.I _(not know)you _(wait)for me here.F.现在完成时态现在完成时态(a.过去发生的动作现已完成过去发生的动作现已完成,对现在造成的影响和结果对现在造成的影响和结果;b.过去已经开始的动作过去已经开始的动

28、作,持续到现在持续到现在,并可能延续到将来结构并可能延续到将来结构:have/has+Vp.p.标志词标志词:already,yet,never,ever,just,before.for three years,sincethree years ago,since 1998,since+过去时句子过去时句子.up to now,till now,so far.in the past two years,in the last fewdays,recently,lately.助动词助动词:have/has.)变下列句子为否定句变下列句子为否定句,一般问句并作肯定和否定回答一般问句并作肯定和否定回

29、答.1.I have already done my homework.I _ my homework yet._ you _ your homework.Yet?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.2.The plane has arrived.The plane _ arrived._the plane _?Yes,_ _.No,_ _.改写句子改写句子.1.I have borrowed a new book from the school library.I _ _ a new book from the school library for two days.2.She has gone

30、there.She _ there _ yesterday.3.He has already died.He _ for twenty years.4.The boy has come back.The boy _ _ _ for an hour.5.The film has begun.The film _ _ _ _ five minutes.6.The man in the hat has left.The man in the hat _ _ _ half an hour ago.7.The Black family has come to China.The Black family

31、 _ _ _ China _ they left England.58.The young man has joined the LeagueThe young man _ _ _ League member _ two years.The young man _ _ _ _League_ two years ago.Two years _ _ _ the young man _ _ League.It is two years _ the young man _ _ League.常用短暂动词常用短暂动词:open,close,borrow,lend,stop,arrive,leave,jo

32、in,go,begin,start,come.常用延续动词常用延续动词:live,study,work,stay,be,have,wait,keep,know,短暂动词转化延续动词短暂动词转化延续动词:come-be here,go-be there,become-be;begin/startbe on;borrow-keep;buy-have;finish/end-be over;die-be dead;fall asleep-be asleep;leave-be away;join-be in+组织名称组织名称/be+成员名称成员名称;get to know-know;put onbe o

33、n/wear;getup-be up;open-be open;close/shut-be closed填空填空:1.A:Where _ Tom _(go)?I do not see him here.B:He _(go)shopping.He _(go)five minutes ago.2.I _(be)to the bookstore twice this week.But last week I _(go)there only once.3.A:I can not find my trousers._ you _(see)them?B:Yes,you _(leave)them in th

34、e car yesterday.I _(put)them back on your bed.4.It _(be)ten years since we _(part).5.I _ never _(be)to Beijing.过去将来时态过去将来时态:would+V,用于宾语从句用于宾语从句.1.She told me she _(go)there tomorrow.2.The old man said he_(be)seventy in two years.3.She_(visit)the Palace Museum for the first time last Sunday.She said

35、 she _(visit)there next Summer.4.She asked if we _(go)to school by bus tomorrow.5.It seemed that they _(spend)the night in the open air the next day.过去完成时态过去完成时态:had+V p.p1.By yesterday evening,he _(read)the text three times.2.He _(learn)two hundred English words before he went to middle school.3.Wh

36、en we got to the cinema,the film _(be)on for five minutes.4.He asked if Mr Li _already _(come)back.5.I heard he _(live)there for five years.6.He could not answer the question on Lesson Six because he _(not study)the lesson.7.He could not eat any more.He _(eat)a lot just now.8.How many songs _you _(l

37、earn)by the end of last term?被动语态被动语态:结构结构:助动词助动词 be+V p.p(及物动词及物动词)变主动语态度为被动语态变主动语态度为被动语态:1.We often use a recorder in our English class.A recorder _ often _ in our English class.2.He wrote a letter to his father last night.Aletter _ _ by _ to his father last night.3.The workers are repairing the b

38、ridge.The bridge _ _ _ by the workers.4.People have seen the wolf in this village.The wolf _ _ _ in this village.5.We must keep our room clean and tidy.Our room _ _ _ clean and tidy.6.You can play with these lovely dogs.These lovely dogs _ _ _ with by you.6填空填空:1.This kind of paper _(make)from wood.

39、2.The bridge_(make)of stones in 1986.3.These new machines _(make)in Dalian.4.Football _(play)in most schools.5._ the eggs _(eat)up?句法句法同意句改写同意句改写:1.Please pass me a cup of tea.Please pass a cup of tea _.2.Yesterday my friend gave a nice present to me.Yesterday my friend _ _ a nice present3.Pingping

40、lent Lucy his bike two hours ago.Pingping _ his bike_ _ two hours ago.4.Uncle Liu showed us some pictures.Uncle Liu _some pictures _ _.5.My aunt made a cake for the children yesterday.My aunt made _ _ _ _yesterday.6.Mum has bought her a new skirt.Mum has _ a new skirt _ _.7.I havent any books in my

41、hand._ _ any books in my hand.8.Mary has no brothers and no sisters.Mary has_brothers _ sisters.句型转换：句型转换：1.It is a wonderful skirt.(否定问句)_ _ a wonderful skirt?2.I want to come with you.(否定问句)_ _ want to come with _?3.When I got home,my mother was cooking.(划线提问)_ _ _ mother cooking?4.The woman will

42、go to the shop in five minutes.(同上)_ _ _ the woman go to the shop?5.I go swimming once a week in summer._ _ _ you go swimming in summer?6.We stayed there for two hours._ _ _ you _ there?7.I want the cakes with nuts in them._ _ _ cakes do you want?8.The students visited the farm.(the factory)(选择问句)_

43、the students _ the farm _ the factory?9.Somebody came here just now,_?(反意问句)10.Im a student,_?(同上)11.He was really unhappy,_?12.I must do it,_?13.You had better go home,_?14.There is little water in the glass,_?（反意问句中有（反意问句中有 little,few,never,nothing,none,nobody,hardly 等词，表否定意义等词，表否定意义。）15.Dont look

44、 out of the window,_?16.Let us look at your new book,_?17.She thinks you are right,_?18.I dont think you are right,_?19.Hes never been to the Great Wall,_?20.The key to the door may be in your bag,_?21.The sun shines so brightly.(感叹句)_ _ the sun shines!22.She looks pretty in red dress._ _ she looks

45、in red dress!723.They were living a happy life._ _ _ _ they were living!24.The workers are working hard._ _ the workers are working!25.Let the boy go out at night.(否定句)_let the boy _ out./Let the boy _ go out.宾语从句宾语从句:(一定是陈述句语序一定是陈述句语序)1.常接宾语从句的动词常接宾语从句的动词:say,tell,ask,see,decide,wonder,think2.常用连词常

46、用连词:that-(无词义无词义,常省略常省略),陈述意义陈述意义;if,whether-是否是否,一般疑问句意义一般疑问句意义,句尾句尾 有有 or not 时用时用 whether;who,whose,which,what,whom,why,how,when,where-特殊疑问句意义特殊疑问句意义,有汉义有汉义,充当成分充当成分不是疑问词不是疑问词.3.主句和宾语从句的时态主句和宾语从句的时态:主句宾语从句一般现在时所需要的任何时态过去时1)过去时的任意时态2)客观真理永远用现在时用宾语从句合并句子用宾语从句合并句子:1.Im sorry.Im late._2.He is a good

47、man.Im sure._.3.He cant come here early.Im afraid._.4.They are waiting for a bus.He said._5.Do they need some more tea?He asked._6.Can you help him with English or not?He asked me._7.Light travels faster than sound.He told us._.8.Who are they waiting for?Do you know?_9.How long have the Shutes lived

48、 in Beijing?I want to know._10.He told me,“Our teacher asks you to go to the office at once.”He told me _ _ teacher _ _to go to the office at once.11.He said,“I cleaned the classroom this morning.”He said _ he _ _ the classroom that morning.12.He said to her,“Xiao Li will go to see you this afternoo

49、n.”He _ her _ Xiao Li _ go to see _ that afternoon.13.The teacher said,“Can they speak English?”The teacher _ _ they _speak English.14.Mr Black told Jane,“Come to school on time tomorrow.”Mr Black told Jane _ _ to school on time the next day.15.My father said to me,“Dont eat too much.”My father _ me

50、 _ _ eat too much.同意句改写同意句改写:1.How do you like the dictionary?_ do you _ _ the dictionary?2.I heard that someone was talking in the next room.I hears _ _ in the next room.4.Study hard and you will pass the exam._ _ _ _,youll pass the exam.5.If you get up late,youll miss the train._ _ _ late,_ youll